The document discusses the Exoduster Movement which occurred between 1879-1880, when thousands of African Americans migrated from the American South to Kansas after the Civil War. It describes the difficult conditions blacks faced in the South after the war, with the loss of federal protections and rise of groups like the Ku Klux Klan. It also summarizes information about Benjamin "Pap" Singleton, known as the "Father of the Exodus," who organized colonies for black migrants in Kansas. While many migrants struggled at first, some were able to establish farms and communities, making the migration a partial success overall.

1. Life of An Exoduster: Journey Through Time Kansas History Unit Plan Julie Friesen

4. Who are these people? What are they doing? Analyze the pictures and write your thoughts. 1. 2. 3. 4.

7. Kansas = Freedom

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9. (Strictly Private) Attention Colored Men! Office of the Colored Colonization Society Topeka, KS Your brethren and friends throughout the North have observed with painful solicitude the outrages heaped upon you by your rebel Masters, and are doing all they can to alleviate your miseries and provide for your future happiness and prosperity. President Hayes, by his iniquitous Southern policy, has deserted you, while the Democrats who now have control of Congress, will seek to enslave you if you remain in the South, and to protect you from their designs, the Colonization Society has been organized by the Government to provide land by each of a family, which will be given in bodies of one hundred and sixty acres gratuitiously. This land is located in the best portion of Kansas, in close proximity to Topeka and is very productive. Here there are no class distinctions in society; all are on equality. Leave the land of oppression and come to free Kansas. Lycurgus P. Jones President Daily Picayune (New Orleans), April 19, 1879; New York Times , May 3, 1879.

15. Statistics of the African American Population in Kansas between 1860-1890 Year Population of African Americans in Kansas 1860 625 free-2 slaves 1870 17,108 1880 43,107 1890 49,710