This document presents information on e-paper, including its construction, working, properties, comparisons to LCD displays, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. E-paper was developed in 1974 and is an electronic display that uses electronic ink to mimic the appearance of ordinary ink on paper. It has a paper-like appearance and can be read in direct sunlight without glare. While slower than LCDs, e-paper holds its image without power and is thinner, lighter, and more flexible than LCD displays. Its applications include e-books, e-newspapers, mobile displays, and potentially computer monitors.

1. A Presentation
On
E-PAPER

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Construction of e-paper
 Working
 Properties
 Comparison of e-paper & LCD
 Advantages & Disadvantages
 Applications
 Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
 E-Paper is also called Electronic Paper or Electronic
ink Display.
 The first E-Paper was developed in 1974’s by “Nicholas
K Sheridon” at Xerox’s Palo Alto Research Centre.
 It is a display unit.
 E-Paper is flexible.
 E-paper have a wide viewing angle.
 A digital pen is also used to create handwritten
document.

4. CONSTRUCTION OF E-PAPER
 It has two different parts.
 Front plane.
 Back plane.
 The front plane consist of E-ink.
 The back plane consist of electronic circuits.
 To form an E-ink electronic display the ink is
printed onto a plastic film that is laminated to a
layer of circuitry.

5. BACK PLANE LAYOUT

6. GYRICON
 The first Gyricon developed in 1974 by
“Nickolas K Sheridon” at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Centre.
 It is based on a thin sheet of flexible plastic
containing a layer of tiny plastic beads each
encapsulated in oil and it rotate freely.
LIMITATIONS
 Low brightness and resolution.
 Lack of color.
Other form of E-ink with improve properties
compared to Gyricon is Electrophoretic.

7. Electrophoretic
 Electrophoretic frontplane consist of
millions of micro capsules.
 Each micro capsule is filled with a clear
fluid containing positively charged white
particle and black particle.
 The disadvantage of this technology is it
take time for the particle to move from
one side to another.
Electrowetting
 It is used to display coloured images.

8. CHARGED PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION

9. PROPERTIES
Ultra-thin and flexible energy cell.
Eliminates the cost of the battery, weight
and volume of the battery holder.
Can be made into almost any shape.
Can be integrated on almost any surface.
Environmentally friendly, non-caustic, no
possibility of explosion, burns, or
overheating.

10. COMPARISON OF E-PAPER & LCD
Electronic Ink
Display
Liquid Crystal
Display
Wide viewing angle Best image only from one position
Black on paper white Gray on gray
Readable in sunlight Can be difficult to see
Holds image without power drain Required power to hold images
Plastic or glass Glass only
Light Weight Power supply and glass make
LCDs relatively heavy
Thin (~1 mm) Thick (~7 mm)

11. ADVANTAGES
• Paper-like Readability
• Clarity
• Reduced Eyestrain
• Include Graphics
• Inexpensive
DISADVANTAGES
• Very low switching speed
• Electrochemical complexity

12. APPLICATIO
NS
 Electronic Book
 Electronic Newspaper
 Mobile display
 Computer monitor

13. CONCLUSION
Researches found that in just few years
this technology can replace paper in many
situations, leading us to think of a truly
paperless world.

14. THANK
YOU