This document discusses e-paper technology, including its history, construction, properties, applications, and future potential. E-paper was first developed in 1974 and resembles ordinary paper but can hold text and images like an electronic display. It uses microcapsules containing charged white and black particles to switch between pixels and is flexible, low-power, and readable outdoors like paper. The document compares e-paper to LCD displays and outlines e-paper's advantages for uses in electronic books, newspapers, and mobile displays.

1. SEMINAR ON
E-PAPER
TECHNOLOGY

2.  Introduction
 What is E-paper ?
 Construction of E-paper
 Working
 Properties
 Comparision of E-paper & LCD
 Advantages
 Dis-advantages
 Apllication
 Future Scope
 Conclusion

3. The first E-Paper is developed in 1974’s by
Nicholas K Sheridon at Xerox’s Palo Alto
Research Centre.
E-Paper is also called Electronic Paper or
Electronic ink Display.
It is a display unit.
E-Paper is flexible.
E-paper have a wide viewing angle.
A digital pen is also used to create handwritten
document.

4.  E-Paper is an electronic ink display unit.
 It reflect light like ordinary paper.
 It is capable of holding text and images.
 It is flexible while using plastic materials and
electronics.
 It is more comfortable to read than conventional
display.
 A wider viewing angle.
 It can read directly from sunlight without fading
images.

5.  Light weight and durable.
 Low power consumption.

6.  It has two different parts.
◦ Front plane.
◦ Back plane.
 The front plane consist of E-ink.
 The back plane consist of electronic circuits.
 To form an E-ink electronic display the ink is
printed onto a plastic film that is laminated to a
layer of circuitry.

9. GYRICON
 The first Gyricon E-ink developed in 1974s by “Nick
Sheridon” at Xerox.
 It based on a thin sheet of flexible plastic containing a
layer of tiny plastic beads each encapsulated in oil and
it rotate freely.
 Each hemisphere of a bead has different colour and
different electric charge.
 Electric field is applied the beads are rotate, creat two-coloured
pattern.

11.  This method have some limitations.
1. Low brightness and resolution.
2. Lack of color.
Other form of E-ink with improve propertys
compared to Gyricon is Electrophorestic.

12. Electrophorestic
 Electrophorestic frontplane consist of millions of
micro capsules.
 Each approximately 100 microns in dia.
 Each micro capsule is filled with a clear fluid
containing positivaly charged white particle and
black particle.

13.  How Electronic Ink Works:- Basically, this form of
e-paper is created by sandwiching millions of tiny
plastic wells between two sheets of flexible plastic.
 Each well contains both white and black particles,
suspended within a clear fluid.
 The key to this technology is that the white and
black particles have opposite charges, so when an
electric voltage is applied to individual wells --
through circuitry embedded underneath -- the
black and white particles can be separated to
opposite sides.

14.  In this way, the face-up side of each well can be
set to appear either as black or white as seen
through the top layer of clear plastic.
 Each well functions as a separate pixel on the E
ink display..
 The disadvantage of this technology is it take
time for the particle to move from one side to
another.
 Drawing a new text or image is too slow and creat
a flicker.

16.  Ultra-thin and flexible energy cell.
 Eliminates the cost of the battery,weight and
volume of the battery holder.
 Can be made into almost any shape.
 Can be integrated on almost any surface.

17.  Low cost and simple to produce, using printing
process.
 Environmentally friendly, non-caustic, no
possibility of explosion, burns, or overheating.

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Wide viewing angle Best image only
from one position
Black on paper
white
Gray on gray
Readable in sunlight Can be difficult to
see
Holds image without
power drain
Required power to
hold images

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Plastic or glass Glass only
Light Weight Power supply and
glass make LCDs
relatively heavy
Thin (~1 mm) Thick (~7 mm)

20.  Paper-like Readability.
 Ultra-Low Power Consumption.
 Clarity.
 Reduced Eyestrain.
 Mobile Display Solution.
 Hypertext.
 Multimedia Information.
 Include Graphics.
 Inexpensive.

21.  Very low switching speed
 Electrochemical complexity
 Slow response to change
 Too slow for video
 Problems in extremes temperatures,humidity

22.  Electronic Book.
 Electronic Newspaper.
 Mobile display.
 Computer monitor.

23.  The E-Paper is a Flexible display.
 It is easy to use.
 E-Paper can communicate Satellite or other
computers easily.
Hand Wand
Detach Printer

24. Researches found that in
just few years this technology
can replace paper in many situations, leading
us to think of a truly paperless world.