E. macromolecules check your learning

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MACROMOLECULES

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Biological Macromolecules
Which of the following is a major class of biological
macromolecule?
A) Lipids
B) Fatty acids
C) Both lipids and nucleic acids
D) Nucleic acids

Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Which of the following is a major class of biological
macromolecules?
A) Lipids
B) Fatty acids
C) Both lipids and nucleic acids
D) Nucleic acids

Dehydration synthesis leads to the formation of which of the
following?
A) water and monomers
B) water and amino acids
C) water and a hydroxyl group
D) water and polymers

OpenStax OER. "Biology." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/col11448/latest
Dehydration synthesis leads to the formation of which of the
following?
A) water and monomers
B) water and amino acids
C) water and a hydroxyl group
D) water and polymers

During the breakdown of polymers, which of the following
reactions takes place?
A) dehydration
B) condensation
C) covalent bond
D) hydrolysis

OpenStax OER. "OpenStax College." CC BY 3.0 http://openstaxcollege.org/
During the breakdown of polymers, which of the following
reactions takes place?
A) dehydration
B) condensation
C) covalent bond
D) hydrolysis

What happens during synthesis of a dipeptide?
A) a peptide bond forms between the C in the carboxyl group of one
amino acid, and the N in the amino group of a neighboring amino acid.
B) a peptide bond forms between the N in the carboxyl group of one
amino acid, and the C in the amino group of a neighboring amino acid.
C) a peptide bond forms between the C in the carboxyl group of one
amino acid, and the N in the amino group of a neighboring amino acid,
and water is released.
D) a peptide bond forms between the C in the carboxyl group of one
amino acid, and the N in the amino group of a neighboring amino acid,
and a water molecule is incorporated.

What is the name of the covalent bond that connects
monosaccharides together to form disaccharides or
polysaccharides?
A) Peptide bond
B) Ester bond
C) Phosphodiester linkage
D) Glycosidic bond

Which of the following describe disaccharides?
A) Glucose, galactose, and fructose are isomers with more than one
asymmetric carbon.
B) Lactose, maltose, and sucrose are the result of bonding two
monosaccharides together during a dehydration reaction.
C) They are a long chain of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds.
D) Cellulose is the result of two monosaccharides that have undergone a
condensation reaction.

A monosaccharide that contains five carbons is called a ______.
A) Hexose
B) Ribose
C) Pentose
D) Triose

The base molecular formula within all carbohydrates is ______
A) ((CH2O)n
B) ((CH2O)2
C) ((CHO)n
D) ((CHO)6

The base molecular formula within all carbohydrates is ______
A) (CH2O)n
B) ((CH2O)2
C) ((CHO)n
D) ((CHO)6

Why are carbohydrates an essential part of our diets?
A) All of these answers.
B) Many carbohydrates provide energy.
C) Carbohydrates provide more energy than lipids.
D) Carbohydrates contain only soluble elements that are vital to the
health of our bodies.

Which of the following answers describes a function of fats?
A) all of these answers
B) provide energy via trans conformation
C) store fatty acids, which are building blocks for phospholipids and other
essential cell molecules.
D) store non-soluble vitamins

Which of the following answers describes a function of fats?
A) all of these answers
B) provide energy via trans conformation
C) store fatty acids, which are building blocks for phospholipids and other
essential cell molecules
D) store non-soluble vitamins

What is the difference between unsaturated and saturated fatty
acids?
A) Saturated fatty acids exist in either cis or trans configuration.
B) Saturated fatty acids have double bonds and unsaturated fatty acids
have single bonds.
C) Unsaturated fatty acids have more hydrogen atoms.
D) Unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds and saturated fatty acids
have single bonds.

Which of the following is a function of waxes?
A) provide energy
B) all of these answers
C) store fats
D) protection

Which of the following is a function of waxes?
A) provide energy
C) store fats
D) protection

Which of the following best describes the phospholipid bilayer?
A) The hydrophillic heads are attracted to the intracellular and
extracellular fluid of the cell.
B) The hydrophobic tails give it a rigid structure to keep it locked in place.
C) The hydrophilic heads meet in the inner region of the membrane.
D) The hydrophobic tails are positive, and the hydrophilic heads are
negative.

Which of the following is a function of steroids?
A) synthesis of neurotransmitters
C) heart function
D) reproduction

Which of the following types of protein match its function?
A) Enzyme: slows biochemical reactions
B) Antibody: carries oxygen throughout the body
C) Tubulin: allows muscles to contract
D) Hormone: regulates growth, metabolism, and reproduction

Boundless - Key Term. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Which of the following types of protein match its function?
A) Enzyme: slows biochemical reactions
B) Antibody: carries oxygen throughout the body
C) Tubulin: allows muscles to contract
D) Hormone: regulates growth, metabolism, and reproduction

Which of the following matches a protein to its correct function?
A) Amylase: slows the chemical breakdown of protein
B) Hormone: synthesizes and repairs DNA
C) Antibody: regulates growth and development
D) Tubulin: provides structural support for cells

Which of the following determines the polarity of an amino acid?
A) The amino group
B) The R group
C) The carboxyl group
D) The peptide bond

Which of the following structures is formed from the interactions of
the amino acid R groups?
A) Primary structure
B) Secondary structure
C) Quaternary structure
D) Tertiary structure

Which of the following would be true if insulin folded in oil
(nonpolar) instead of water (polar)?
A) The polypeptide chains would form bonds in different locations.
B) The protein would be unable to fold at all.
C) The shape would be the same.
D) There would be more nonpolar R groups on the exterior of the protein.

Which of the following protein structures forms primarily because
of hydrogen bonds?
A) The tertiary structure
B) α-helices and β-pleated sheets
C) The combination of multiple polypeptide subunits
D) The primary structure

Which of the following protein structures forms primarily because
of hydrogen bonds?
A) The tertiary structure
B) α-helices and β-pleated sheets
C) The combination of multiple polypeptide subunits

Which of the following would probably happen if the insulin protein
folded in oil instead of water?
A) No peptide bonds would form
B) There would be more α-helices than β-pleated sheets
C) It would be the same as folding in an aqueous environment
D) The hydrophobic amino acids would rearrange to be on the outside

When a protein is denatured, which of the following protein
structures is unaffected?
A) The secondary structure
B) The tertiary structure
C) The quaternary structure

When a protein is denatured, which of the following protein
A) The secondary structure
B) The tertiary structure
C) The quaternary structure

When a protein denatures, which of the following protein
A) Secondary structure
B) Tertiary structure
C) Primary structure
D) Quaternary structure

Which of the following must be present in a nucleotide?
A) all of these
B) a four-carbon sugar
C) a phyto-phosphate group
D) a nitrogenous base

Examples of locations in a eukaryotic cell that contain nucleic
acids are....?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Chloroplast
D) All of the above

Saylor OER. "BIO101A: Introduction to Molecular and Cellular Biology « Saylor.org – Free Online Courses Built by Professors." CC BY 3.0
http://www.saylor.org/courses/bio101a/
Examples of locations in a eukaryotic cell that contain nucleic
acids are....?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Chloroplast
D) All of the above

Which of these describes a part of the structure of a double
stranded DNA molecule (ie DNA in a double helix)?
A) Guanine pairs with adenine and cytosine pairs with thymine
B) The sugar backbone is made of ribose
C) Nitrogenus bases are held together with hydrogen bonds
D) Both strands of DNA run from their 5' to 3' ends

Which of these describes a part of the structure of a double
stranded DNA molecule (ie DNA in a double helix)?
A) Guanine pairs with adenine and cytosine pairs with thymine
B) The sugar backbone is made of ribose
C) Nitrogenous bases are held together with hydrogen bonds
D) Both strands of DNA run from their 5' to 3' ends

Which of these describes a difference between DNA and RNA?
A) DNA has adenine and guanine, while RNA has adenine and cytosine.
B) DNA uses hydrogen bonds to hold its strands together, while RNA
uses nitrogen bonds to hold its strands.
C) The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while the sugar in RNA is ribose.
D) DNA controls the formation of proteins, while RNA controls all cellular
functions.

Which of these describes a difference between DNA and RNA?
A) DNA has adenine and guanine, while RNA has adenine and cytosine.
B) DNA uses hydrogen bonds to hold its strands, while RNA uses
nitrogen bonds to hold its strands.
C) The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while the sugar in RNA is ribose.
D) DNA controls the formation of proteins, while RNA controls all cellular
functions.

Which of these is not a major kind of RNA found in all cells?
A) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
B) Cytosolic RNA (cRNA)
C) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
D) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Which of the following is the “central dogma” for all life on Earth?
A) RNA  DNA  protein
B) Protein  DNA  RNA
C) DNA  RNA  protein
D) DNA  protein  RNA

E. macromolecules check your learning

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