This document contains 22 practice problems about carbohydrates and lipids from Chapter 3. The problems test understanding of key concepts like the monomers and polymers of carbohydrates, the structure of lipids like fatty acids, phospholipids and triglycerides, and how lipids interact with water. Several problems also address health topics like diabetes and heart disease prevention through diet.

1. Bio 110 Practice problems (Chap 3 Part 2)
Carbohydrates & Lipids. Answers posted at the bottom of the page.
1. ________follow the chemical formula: (CH2O)n
A) Proteins C) Nucleic acids
B) Carbohydrates D) Fats
2. A glycosidic linkage in carbohydrates is analogous to which of the following in proteins?
A) an amino group C) a disulfide bond
B) a peptide bond D) a β-pleated sheet
3. Which of these best reflects the following relationship: monosaccharide versus
polysaccharide?
A) glucose versus glycogen C) Na+
and Cl-
in table salt (NaCl)
B) glucose versus fructose D) H and O in water
4. Which polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many insects and
fungi?
A) amylose C) peptidoglycan
B) cellulose D) chitin
5. Name the compound on the right.
A) Protein
B) Nucleic acids
C) Carbohydrate – monosaccharide
D) Carbohydrate – polysaccharide
6. What is insulin and where is it produced?
A. Insulin regulates blood protein; produced in the liver
B. Insulin regulates blood sugar; produced in the liver
C. Insulin regulates blood protein; produced in the pancreas
D. Insulin regulates blood sugar; produced in the pancreas
E. Insulin regulates blood protein; produced in the intestines
7. Based on what we learned in class in Chapter 3, what are currently the best dietary
guidelines to prevent type 2 diabetes?
A. Consume foods with high glycemic index and watch caloric intake
B. Consume foods with low glycemic index and watch caloric intake
C. Consume foods with acrylamide and PAH
D. Consume foods with LDL and VLDL

2. Bio 110 Practice problems (Chap 3 Part 2)
8. Identify the group of compounds (carbohydrate or fatty acid) for the molecules below.
Circle one:
A: Carbohydrate / Fatty acid C: Carbohydrate / Fatty acid
B: Carbohydrate / Fatty acid D: Carbohydrate / Fatty acid
9. How do phospholipids interact with water molecules?
A) The polar heads avoid water; the nonpolar tails attract water (because water is polar and
opposites attract).
B) Phospholipids do not interact with water because water is polar and lipids are nonpolar.
C) The polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not.
D) Phospholipids dissolve in water.
10. Phospholipids and triglycerides both _____.
A) contain serine or some other organic compound C) have hydrophobic fatty acid tails
B) have three fatty acid tails D) have a phosphate
11. Which of the following is the best explanation for why vegetable oil is a liquid at room
temperature while animal fats are solid?
A) Vegetable oil has more carbon to carbon double bonds than animal fats.
B) Vegetable oil has fewer carbon to carbon double bonds than animal fats.
C) Animal fats have no amphipathic character.
D) Vegetable oil has longer fatty-acid tails than animal fats have.
12. Saturated fatty acids _______.
A) have double bonds between carbon atoms of the fatty acids
B) are the principal molecules in lard and butter
C) are usually liquid at room temperature
D) are usually produced by plants
A B
C
D
Is the C=C
double bond in
(C) cis or trans?

3. Bio 110 Practice problems (Chap 3 Part 2)
13. The molecule shown on the right is _______.
A) is a saturated fatty acid.
B) stores genetic information.
C) is an unsaturated fatty acid.
D) is a carbohydrate.
14. The molecule shown on the right above is a _____.
A) fatty acid C) protein
B) steroid D) phospholipid
15. Phospholipids can form _____.
A) helices C) monolayers
B) bilayers D) cylinders
16. What do cholesterols do to plasma membranes?
A) make membranes more flammable C) make membranes more porous
B) maintains membrane integrity and firmness D) make membranes turn to mush
17. Which type of diabetes is inherited?
A) Type I diabetes C) Type III diabetes
B) Type II diabetes D) Type IV diabetes
18. How can you try to avoid the onset of Type II diabetes?
A) Get tested for inherited genes for diabetes
B) Monitor blood sugar levels, maintain good diet and exercise regularly
C) It can’t be prevented.
19. Scientific studies in the past decades have attributed heart disease to fats/lipids. Now,
there is growing evidence that sugars and simple carbohydrates are just as bad as fats in
association with heart disease. How does one ensure a balanced diet?
A) Just reduce fats/lipid intake only C) Heck, just eat everything excessively
B) Just reduce sugars/simple carbs intake only D) Reduce fats and sugar intake and watch
calories
20.(a) The chemical structure on the right is that of a _____.
A) fatty acid B) sugar C) protein D) nucleic acid
20(b) Identify and name 2 functional groups in the chemical structure on the right.

4. Bio 110 Practice problems (Chap 3 Part 2)
21(a). What is the molecule below?
Circle one:
Carbohydrate / Lipid / Protein / Nucleic Acid
21(b). Circle the glycosidic bonds in the molecule above.
22. The following diagrams show fat/lipid molecules.
(a) Identify them based on the categories: Fatty Acid, Sterol, Phospholipid, Triglyceride.
(b) Molecules A and B are in the same category. Distinguish between them. [Hint: one is
saturated, the other is unsaturated]

5. Bio 110 Practice problems (Chap 3 Part 2)