This document provides information on Dumaguete City, Philippines' climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction initiatives. It describes Dumaguete's demographic profile and hazard profile from typhoons, flooding, earthquakes, and tsunamis. It outlines the city's comprehensive disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation plan, including hazard maps, disaster risk ranking, response structure, and 5-year budget. Critical needs that have been addressed include water, power, communication, transportation, and evacuation areas. Additional key areas of concern that need to be addressed are also discussed.

1. DUMAGUETE
The City of Gentle People:
Climate Change Adaptation &
Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Initiatives of
Dumaguete City, Philippines
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2. Brief Description of the City
• Dumaguete is a city in the Philippine province of
Negros Oriental. It is the capital, principal seaport,
and largest city of the province.
• Dumaguete is referred to as a university town
because of the presence of four universities and a
number of other colleges where students of the
province converge to enroll for tertiary education.
• The city is also a popular educational destination
for students as well as businessmen from the
surrounding provinces and cities in the Visayas and
Mindanao region, plus foreign/local tourist &
retirees who have made Dumaguete City their
home.
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3. Demographic Profile of the City:
• Total land area is 3,426 hectares divided into
30 barangays, with a total population of 150,000
which increases to more than 200,000 during
weekdays and school days.
• 54% (1,850 hectares) is classified as RESIDENTIAL
• 25% (856 hectares) AGRICULTURAL
• 8% (274 hectares) COMMERCIAL
• 6% (205 hectares) Open spaces/Conservation
• 4% (137 hectares) Institutional
• 2% (69 hectares) used by Small-scale Industries
• 1% (35 hectares) classified as Tourist Commercial

4. Hazard Profile of the City (Typhoon)
• As a result of Global Warming & Climate Change many coastal cities and
municipalities in the Philippines are now frequently visited by typhoons
more particularly in Dumaguete during the months from October to
February where it passes through between the Visayas & Mindanao area.
• From 2011 up to the present, three significant typhoons passed through
the city and the province which brought with it significant damage to the
area.
• On December 17, 2011 almost 50% of the entire population of the city
was affected by floods brought about by Typhoon SENDONG. Total
estimated damages from the typhoon on infrastructures, agricultural
crops and livestock, livelihoods, lifelines and properties was around 60
million pesos as recorded by the Local Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council (LDRRMC) of Dumaguete City.

5. Hazard Profile of the City (Typhoon)
• Almost a year later, Typhoon PABLO struck
Dumaguete City on December 4, 2012.
• The typhoon hit with maximum sustained
winds of 175 kilometers per hour
• More than 1,400 families were affected, 73
houses totally damaged and over 1,300
homes considered partially damaged. Again
the total cost of damage from Typhoon
PABLO was estimated around 40 million
pesos.

6. Hazard Profile of the City (Flooding)
• Dumaguete City is located in the
downstream of 2 major river system.
Out of 30 Barangays 12 are consistently
affected by floods of 0.5 to 2 meters
high.
• Based on the Philippine population
census, more or less 4,000 families are
severely affected by typhoons every
year.
• The flooding category of Dumaguete
City varies from slow onset to very rapid
occurence (Flash flood).

7. Hazard Profile of the City (Earthquake and Tsunami)
• Nearly two months after being devastated by Tropical Storm SENDONG,
Dumaguete City in Negros Oriental was one of the areas where the magnitude
6.9 quake that hit the Visayas region was strongly felt on February 06, 2012 at
around 11:45am.
• Several houses, buildings and major bridges collapsed, while others sustained
damages in vast areas in the northern province near the epicenter.
• The earthquake also caused big cracks on major highways and triggered
numerous landslides burying houses and people.
• The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) issued a
level 2 tsunami alert, indicating that the public should be on the lookout for
"unusual waves", but did not call for any evacuation. Despite this, most
residents of Dumaguete City made a mad rush for higher ground to the
mountain town of Valencia believing there was going to be a Tsunami.

8. Hazard Maps:

9. The Comprehensive
Disaster Risk
Reduction
Management and
Climate Change
Adaptation Plan.

10. Disaster Risk Ranking
0
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2
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9
10
Disaster Risk Ranking (scale of 0-10)
Flood Fire Epidemic on Dengue Typhoon/ Strom Surges Tsunami/ Earthquake

11. LDRRMO STRUCTURE:C
O
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D
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T
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C
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M
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Level 1: Regular execution
of Disaster Mitigation,
Prevention and
Preparedness activities
Level 2: Isolated
Emergency situation
response structure
Level 3: Major Disaster
Response structure using
the Incident Command
System (ICS)

12. Our Financial Capability for DRR and CCA:
5% LDRRM Fund 5-Year Projection: Dumaguete City
YEAR 5% LDRRMF 70% DRR Operational
Budget
30% QRF
2013 22,650,000 15,855,000 6,795,000
2014 24,250,000 16,975,000 7,275,000
2015 26,450,000 18,515,000 7,935,000
2016 28,500,000 19,950,000 8,550,000
2017 31,000,000 21,700,000 9,300,000
TOTAL Php 132,850,000 Php 92,995,000 Php 39,855,000

13. The 5-Year LDRRM/CCA Plan Core Programs:
• 1) Disaster Prevention Program - Focuses on health, public awareness, research
and structural component of disaster risk reduction and management;
• 2) Disaster Mitigation and Climate Change Adaptation Program - Aims to protect
the environment and the adaptive measures to the changing climate, physical
infrastructure construction and rehabilitation;
• 3) Vulnerability Reduction Program - Gives emphasis on the installation and
sustaining the existing initiatives of localized early warning system, enhancing and
upgrading DRRM related equipment;
• 4) Disaster Preparedness Program - Focuses on two aspects: First, upgrading the
internal system and second, the organizational development of the LDRRM Council
and the LDRRM Office;
• 5) The Disaster Response Program - Centers on how to utilize the Quick Response
Fund (30% QRF) in an efficient and effective manner during a disaster.

14. Disaster Risk Reduction & Climate Change Adaptation
Budget distribution of the City of Dumaguete.
10%
34%
15%
11%
30%
Disaster Prevention Program
Disaster Mitigation and Climate Change
Adaptation Program
Vulnerability Reduction Program
Disaster Preparedeness Program
Disaster Response Program

15. Critical needs that have been addressed for the
City’s disaster preparedness…
1. WATER
• 1 unit 12,000 liter Stainless Water Supertanker with 2 high volume water pumps
for potable water delivery & fire assist.
• 3 units Fiberglass water tanks at 3,000 liters capacity each.
• PROVINCE has 3 big units Mobile Water Filtration System with high purified
water output capacity.
2. POWER
• 6 sets Power generators at 10 kva each for Evacuation areas.
• 1 set Power generator 400 kva at City Hall.
• 1 set 6 kva at City Health office & 1 set 8 kva at DRRM office.

16. 3. COMMUNICATION
• All 30 brgys have VHF Base radios & handsets with direct link to City Police HQ.
• DRRM Office has 2 VHF Base radios with repeater antenna & Rescue 348
personnel with handsets.
• DRRM Office vehicles (3 Rescue, 2 SAGARR, 1 Ambulance, 1 Dumptruck for
relief supplies) have Base radios, as well as Mayor’s office, Engineering office
& Public market.
• SMART Comm INFOBOARD for DRRM office’s Emergency Alert TEXT BLAST.
• 2 sets SATELLITE PHONES.
4. TRANSPORT
• City government vehicles & heavy equipment will have additional support
from the Province & Private sector if the need arises.

17. 5. EVACUATION AREAS
• PRIMARY Evacuation areas are barangay designated places/buildings within
the barangays for small & manageable emergency situations.
• SECONDARY Evacuation areas like the Sports complex, Stadium & big Private
schools are for clusters of 3 to 5 barangays in medium/large Emergency
situations (see Response Protocol).
• TERTIARY, are permanent & developed Evacuation Sites at the City high
school (200 families capacity) & Barangay Talay area (1000 families & 300 ft
above sea level).
These permanent evacuation sites will have proper electrical & water supply,
kitchen, male/female toilets & baths for longer duration of stay of more than
1 week.

18. 6. Pre-positioned Emergency Relief
• Non-perishable relief items good for 1000 families are stored at the DSWD
building (Big water pail with blanket, towel, slippers, eating utensils & toiletries,
sanitary napkin, T-shirts & underwears etc).
• MOA with private sector for Rice, Canned/Food supplies on short notice.
• Barangays have their respective community kitchens, facilities & personnel.
• On-going meetings held with Civic & Religious organizations for them to help
set up soup kitchens in various strategic sites during the critical first 2 days of a
disaster event which will serve free hot coffee, Choco drink and Soup 2x/day.

19. 7. DRRM Office / RESCUE 348
• Has 4 units Rubber boats with outboard motors & Scuba gears, Lifevests, 6 units
Chainsaws, Ropes & Rescue equipment, Emergency lights, Medical kits.
• Annual trainings have been conducted for Rescue 348 volunteers in Water
Search & Rescue (WASAR), Basic Life Support & First aid, High angle rescue &
Ropemanship etc.
8. DRRM Office has clear agreement with Bureau of Jail Management on handling
& temporary holding areas for detainees & mental cases during a disaster.
9. Resettlement of informal settlers/families in flood prone areas, although a bit
slow & problematic due to not so readily available or expensive lots for housing,
are in progress with around 200 families resettled so far.

20. 10. Flood Early Warning systems & protocols are in place. Coordination &
Responses have been tested in actual emergencies.

21. Additional key areas of concern that needs to be addressed:
• More Heavy Equipment to respond to regular river siltation caused by perennial floods/flash
floods along our twin watersheds (Okoy and Banica) & for clearing/cleaning immediately after a
major disaster, & additional Rubber boats with outboard motors/trailers;
• Mobile Kitchens & Water Filtration System, Portable Toilets to provide humane support to
25,000 evacuees during major disasters, and 20 ftr Container vans for the immediate storage of
food & relief supplies near evacuation areas;
• 50,000 pcks Meals Ready to Eat or MREs (5yrs shelf life) to feed 25,000 pax (x2) immediately on
the first day of a disaster event;
• Shelter Box (tent, blanket, towel, mosquito net, toiletries, kitchen utensils etc) for 2,000 families;
• Additional Fire truck with Boom ladder for high rise buildings & Small Penetrator Fire trucks for
tight areas during fires and Fire coats, Gears & Self Contained Breathing apparatus, & Collapsed
building rescue equipment;
• More VHF Radio Handsets, Emergency handcranked dynamo FM Radio/Flashlite for distribution
to Barangays & Evacuation centers;
• HD CCTVs to install at critical flood monitoring stations of the City.

22. Our City is doing its best...
BUT a lot MORE needs to be DONE!!!
THE MORE REASONS THAT
WE NEED TO WORK
HARDER.