The document is a report on disaster management focusing on tsunamis written by Prathmesh Rongate, a 10th grade student with roll number 1022. It introduces tsunamis and disaster management, describes the types of disasters and key facts about tsunamis. It also discusses the importance of risk assessment, warning signs of tsunamis, safer construction practices, survival skills, communication methods, and sharing responsibility for disaster response across national, state and district levels. The conclusion emphasizes the need for safer construction practices and responsibility to minimize disaster impacts.

1. • Name:- Prathmesh .D. rongate
• Class:- 10th Sec:- a
• Roll no.:- 1022
• Project:- Disaster management

2. Social
Assignment
On Disaster
Management
Made by-Prathmesh Rongate
Class- 10 A
Roll No.-1022

3. Disaster management
• introDuction to Disaster management
• tyPes of Disasters
• What is tsunami?
• the imPortance of risk assessment anD analysis
• facts about tsunami
• Warning signs of tsunami
• safer construction Practices
• survival skills
• alternate communication skills
• sharing resPonsibility
• District level
• conclusion

4. introDuction to Disaster management
what is disaster ?
A disaster is a natural or man-made hazard
resulting in an event of substantial event
causing physical damage loss of life, or drastic
change in the environment. It is phenomenon
that can cause damage to life and property and
destroy the economic, social and cultural life of
people.

5. tyPes of Disasters
• As mentioned above there are two types of
disaster:-
• Man-made Disaster- Some of them are industrial
accidents, rail, road air accidents, terrorist attack, war,
etc.
• Natural Disaster- Some of them are floods, landslides,
Earthquake, volcanic eruption, droughts, etc.
One of the deadliest natural disaster is Tsunami.

6. What is tsunami?
• A tsunami is a series of gigantic water waves caused by the
displacement of a large volume of a body of water generally
an ocean or large lake. Earthquake, underwater explosions,
landslides, glacier calving, meteorite impacts and other
disturbance above or below water all have the potential to
generate a Tsunami.

7. • Tsunami don’t resemble normal sea waves,
because their wavelength is far longer. Rather
than appearing as a breaking wave, a tsunami may
instead initially resemble a rapidly rising tide and
are often referred to as tidal waves. Tsunamis
generally consist of a series of waves with periods
ranging from minutes to hours, arriving in a so
called “Wave Train”. Wave heights of tens of
meters can be generated by large events. Although
the impact of tsunamis is limited to coastal area,
their destructive power can be enormous and they
can effect entire ocean basins.

8. the imPortance of risk assessment
anD analysis
• Understanding Vulnerable Areas: Risk assessment
helps identify areas that are most susceptible to
tsunamis. By analyzing factors such as coastal
topography, population density, and infrastructure, we
can determine which regions are at higher risk. This
knowledge allows authorities to focus their resources
and efforts on implementing appropriate mitigation
measures in these vulnerable areas.

9. Enhancing Preparedness: Risk assessment contributes
to enhancing preparedness efforts. By identifying high-
risk areas and understanding the potential impact of
tsunamis, communities and authorities can take
proactive measures. This includes creating emergency
response plans, conducting drills and exercises,
improving communication systems, and educating the
public about evacuation procedures and safety
measures. Preparedness measures informed by risk
assessment can significantly reduce the loss of life and
property during a tsunami event.

10. facts about tsunami
• Tsunami waves can reach heights of over 100 feet.
• About 80% of tsunamis happen within the pacific ocean.
• The first wave of tsunami is usually not the strongest,
successive wave get bigger and stronger.
• In 2004, The Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by an
earthquake, killer waves radiating from the final death toll
was 283,000.
• Tsunami can travel up to the speed of 500-800 Kilometres
per hour.

11. • Tsunami can poison mainland with a lot of salt,
causing people to die out of hunger and disease
after the tsunami is gone.
• The costliest tsunami occurred in U.S. and Canada
in 1964. Damage was as huge as $106 million.
• Tsunami is a term, which literally means a harbor
wave. A Term specific to Japan.
• Tsunamis can travel across oceans as they retain
their energy with limited energy loss.
• A mega tsunami has very huge waves and has
occurred in Alaska in 1958. Surprisingly only two
people died.

12. Warning signs of tsunami
• An earthquake is a natural tsunami warning. If you feel a
strong quake, don’t stay close to the shore.

13. • Experts believe that a receding ocean may give
people as much as 5 min to evacuate the area.
• A tsunami search may be small at one point on
the shore large than other. A short distance away
don’t assume that because there is a minimal sign
of a tsunami in one place it will belike that every
where else.
• Tsunamis can travel up river and streams that
lead to the oceans as you would stay away from
the beach and ocean if there is a tsunami.

14. safer construction Practices
• Residing on river banks and slopes on river banks be
avoided.
• Buildings should be built 250m away from the sea
coast.
• Build proper drainage systems in all flood or tsunami
prone area.

15. • Construct the whole village or settlement on a raised
platform higher that the known flood level
• A high wall can be created along the coast.
• Flood gates or channels are created to direct the
water to some more places other than destroying
property and lives these channels also absorb part of
the water or the lesser waves.
• A tree cover can also be made along the coast to
serve the purpose of wall.

16. survival skills
• If you are in school and you hear there in a
tsunami warning, you should follow the adviceof
teachers and other school personnel.
• Stay away from rivers and streams that lead to
the ocean as you would stay away from the
beach and ocean if there is a tsunami.
• Tsunami generated in district locations will
generally give people enough time to move to
higher ground
• Staying away from all low lying coastal areas is
the safest technique.

17. alternate communication skills
• Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) is the
prime network responsible for transmitting and
receiving voice tax and data. All government and
private offices, police stations, hospitals fire stations
and many homes are serviced by the PSTN line.
• A matter Radio operation does not use ground
based infrastructure. Moreover these have limited
power needs which can be easily met by
batteries. So they are a good communication
method.

18. • Satellite based communication systems are
designed for users on the earth that have some
equipment in space called a satellite.
• Geo stationary orbit satellites are stationed
above the earth. The images of weather forecast
and disaster observations that we see in our
television are made with the help of images from
weather satellites.

19. sharing resPonsibility
• National level
The response from the Central government is based on keeping
in view the gravity of the disaster the scale of the relief operations
and the requirement of the control assistance for augmenting
financial resources and logistics support at the disposal of the
state government.
• State level
The responsibility to cope up with natural disasters is essentially
of the state government. The chief minister or the chief secretary
of the state heads a state level committees which is in overall
charge of the relief and rehabilitation measures in the wake of
natural disasters.

20. District level
• The district administration in the focal point
for implementation of all government plans
and activities. A disaster management
committee has been set up at the district
level headed by the magistrate, etc.

21. conclusion
• While no country in world is entirely safe lack of
capacity to limit the impact of hazards remains a
major burden for developing countries, An
estimated 97% of natural disaster related death
each year occur in developing countries although
smaller in absolute figure, the percentage of
economic loss in relation to the GNP (Gross
National Product) I n developing countries far
exceeds the one in developed countries.
• Hence the need for safer construction practices is
rising day by day and thus increasing our need to
be alert and responsible to minimize and possibly
evade the impact that these disasters have on our
lives to made our country reach greater heights.