This document discusses drought in India and options for preventive disaster management. It notes that over 68% of India is vulnerable to drought, which is characterized as a period of drier-than-normal conditions leading to water problems. Drought can be meteorological, hydrological, agricultural, environmental or socio-economic in nature. Groundwater depletion is a major problem, with overexploitation in many states. The document advocates adopting a preventive approach to hazard mitigation rather than just relief, and exploring sustainable ecoremediation solutions found in nature like natural storage sites, groundwater recharge methods, and integrating traditional knowledge with new tools and practices.
Detail discussion on Drought with it's causes and effect and predictions. Which can be helpful to student to make their own presentation and reading Purpose.
Detail discussion on Drought with it's causes and effect and predictions. Which can be helpful to student to make their own presentation and reading Purpose.
S5c8 chapter 8-facts and figures related to drought in india.Shivu P
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S5c8 chapter 8-facts and figures related to drought in india.Shivu P
Some of the facts related to drought are mentioned in this chapter. Drought is a threat to the humanity; it is a threat to the plant and animal kingdom. We also know that the area occupied by the drought is increasing as the population is increasing on this earth and we need to understand deforestation and desertification is progressing in a very rapid speed. Now it is our duty to make all drought prone areas in to adequately irrigated land, make the people to involve in the process of re forestation and prevent desertification. Reticular canal system for interlinking rivers will help in the process of irrigating all the drought prone lands and helps in re forestation.
Drought & Desertification measures of mitigation ,Types of drought SANDEEP PATRE
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Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Drought disaster and natural resources
1. DOWNSCALING DROUGHT
TO NATURAL RESOURCE SUSTAINABILITY
: PDM (Preventive Disaster Management) Options
Dr. Anil K Gupta
Associate Professor
(Environmental Resources and Disaster Management Group)
National Institute of Disaster Management
(Govt. of India)
New Delhi - 110002
2. Drought in India
• 68% India vulnerable
• Covers penninsular and western India –
primarily arid, semi-arid and sub-humid
regions
• states: Karnataka (14), Gujrat (12), Maharashtra (11),
Rajasthan (12), Tamilnadu (8), MP (10), AP (8), Bihar
(6), UP (6), Haryana (4), Orissa (4), WB (3), J&K (2),
Jharkhand (1), Chhattisgarh (1)
3. Understanding drought?
Drought definitions?
-Evidence of drought usually seen in rainfall
records.
-Crop failures, joblessness and famines:
- Political noises for drought declaration
- Relief works
- Calamity fund releases
- Schemes and short term programmes
Drought is a period of drier-than-normal
conditions that lead to water related problems.
Question: Act of God Vs. Act of Man
---- Human Made Act of God
4. Types of drought
• Meteorological
• Hydrological
• Agricultural
Question again: Natural or ?? Man-made
- Environmental Drought ? Environment ..that naturally
rejuvenates, stores & provides
- Socio-economic ? that suffers scarcity: Quantity OR Quality ?
5. View point: outside a political manual
or drought declaration
DROUGHT SEQUENCE
Meteorological Hydrological
Environmental
Ecosystems Agriculture Habitation
Socio-economic Drought
6. Drought: short-supply of water ?
What actually governs supply for whole
year and for lean season?
1. Rainfall directly and only?
2. Ecosystems? (bio-geo systems)
3. Human habitat? (engineering)
4. Human habitat? (habits & culture)
1&2: Natural (Act of God) 3&4: Man-made
7. Groundwater depletion
• 50% total irrigation in country dependent on GW
• 60% of irrigation food prod. From GW
• GW table decline 1-2 mtrs/year in regions N Gujrat, S
Raj., Saurastra, TN (Madurai & Coimbature distt.), Karnataka (Kolar),
AP (Rayalseema), parts of Punjab & Haryana
• 10% blocks overexploited (CWC): beyond critical
level; risk growing at 5.5% yearly
• 61% hydro-geo blocks of Punjab categorised 10%
grey (zero)
• Man-made activity
• Nature offers remedy
8. Socio-economic drought
Short Supply in Lean Season
Less water Water unfit for use
Less rain Less storage Naturally Polluted
Climatic Surface Ground Human activity
Human - Ecosystems Natural
- Engineered
9. PREVENTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
A. Hazard – Vulnerability Disaster Relief
B. Hazard - Mitigation Disaster Relief
A: Business as Usual;
B; Preferred Approach
10. S&T and Community:
Sustainable Ecoremediation
Answer in nature:
- Natural storage sites and systems
- Human habits and culture
- GW recharge – the natural ways
- Cropping systems
- Catchments & River basins
- Programmes ??
- Integration and impact assessments
11. The success lies in applying best available tools
with wisdom for integrating them into systems in
harmony with nature and cultural settings,
with acceptability to innovations and rejuvenating
potential traditional knowledge putting into place.
It requires overhauling….of the system….before
that the approach…and first out mindset:
- In case of these so called ‘act of God’, what
governs the water (in God’s approach): there lies
the answer.