Drought - Disaster Management
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Drought
This document discusses drought, including its types, causes, history, and effects. It defines drought as a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall that results in water shortage. There are three main types of drought: meteorological, relating to low rainfall; hydrological, regarding low water levels in supplies; and agricultural, when not enough water is available for crops. Common causes include deficiencies in rain, soil erosion, global warming, deforestation. India experiences frequent droughts affecting over 70% of its cultivated land. Specific regions that are prone to drought are identified.
Flood Management
This document discusses various methods of flood management and alleviation. It begins by defining floods and describing the major causes of flooding such as heavy rainfall, topography of the catchment area, sedimentation, and obstructions in the river flow. It then categorizes the rivers of India into four regions - Brahmaputra, Ganga, North-West, and Central India Deccan - based on their flood characteristics. The document outlines both structural measures like storage reservoirs, embankments, channel improvement works, and diversion works as well as non-structural measures to control and reduce flood damage.
Disaster Management(Drought)
Drought is caused by drier than normal conditions that can lead to water supply problems. The 2013 drought in Maharashtra, India was one of the worst in 40 years after low rainfall. Drought is caused by factors like high temperatures, low soil moisture, demand exceeding supply, and changes in weather patterns. Effects of drought include hunger, lack of drinking water, disease, impacts on wildlife, migration, social conflicts, and war. Precautions to prevent drought include conserving water usage and collecting excess water.
Drought
This document discusses drought, including its causes, types, regions affected, and methods of protection and relief. A drought is defined as an extended period of deficient water supply, either from surface or underground sources. It can last months or years and is caused by consistently low precipitation. Droughts can have significant environmental, economic, social and health impacts. Types of drought include meteorological, hydrological and agricultural droughts. Regions commonly affected include parts of India and Brazil. Protection and relief efforts include dams, cloud seeding, desalination, land use practices, water restrictions, rainwater harvesting and water recycling.
Drought - Disaster management
This document provides an overview of droughts, including:
- Types of droughts like meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts.
- Common drought indicators used to assess drought conditions such as the Standardized Precipitation Index and Palmer Drought Severity Index.
- Institutional responses to droughts in India led by agencies like the Ministry of Agriculture and state disaster management departments.
- Mitigation strategies discussed include watershed development, irrigation techniques, afforestation, and community participation programs.
Drought In Bangladesh
This is presented by Taslima Nasrin, student of Begum Rokeya University,Rangpur.It's about drought in Bangladesh and different model for drought analysis.
Draught natural disaster
This document discusses drought, including its definition, causes, classification, effects, and government policies to combat it. Drought is defined as an extended period of deficient precipitation that causes water shortage for people and crops. Common causes of drought include low rainfall, high air pressure, lack of monsoon winds, depletion of forests and groundwater, and global warming. Droughts are classified as meteorological, agricultural, or hydrological based on their physical aspects and impacts. Effects of drought include economic losses, food shortages, environmental damage, and social impacts like conflicts and migration. The document provides a case study of the severe 2002 drought in Rajasthan, India and outlines various government programs to address drought like rural employment schemes and waters
Flood
Floods are a common natural disaster in India that occur when bodies of water overflow their normal boundaries due to heavy rainfall or snow/ice melt. There are several types of floods including flash floods caused by intense rainfall in mountainous areas, river floods along large rivers, coastal floods due to storm surges and tsunamis, and urban floods when rainfall cannot be absorbed in urban areas. Floods can damage property and infrastructure, spread disease, and disrupt communities but may also provide benefits by recharging groundwater or increasing soil fertility. Prevention methods include coastal defenses, town planning, retaining walls, dams, and increasing vegetation cover. States frequently affected by floods in India include West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh,
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Drought
This document discusses drought, including its types, causes, history, and effects. It defines drought as a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall that results in water shortage. There are three main types of drought: meteorological, relating to low rainfall; hydrological, regarding low water levels in supplies; and agricultural, when not enough water is available for crops. Common causes include deficiencies in rain, soil erosion, global warming, deforestation. India experiences frequent droughts affecting over 70% of its cultivated land. Specific regions that are prone to drought are identified.
Flood Management
This document discusses various methods of flood management and alleviation. It begins by defining floods and describing the major causes of flooding such as heavy rainfall, topography of the catchment area, sedimentation, and obstructions in the river flow. It then categorizes the rivers of India into four regions - Brahmaputra, Ganga, North-West, and Central India Deccan - based on their flood characteristics. The document outlines both structural measures like storage reservoirs, embankments, channel improvement works, and diversion works as well as non-structural measures to control and reduce flood damage.
Disaster Management(Drought)
Drought is caused by drier than normal conditions that can lead to water supply problems. The 2013 drought in Maharashtra, India was one of the worst in 40 years after low rainfall. Drought is caused by factors like high temperatures, low soil moisture, demand exceeding supply, and changes in weather patterns. Effects of drought include hunger, lack of drinking water, disease, impacts on wildlife, migration, social conflicts, and war. Precautions to prevent drought include conserving water usage and collecting excess water.
Drought
This document discusses drought, including its causes, types, regions affected, and methods of protection and relief. A drought is defined as an extended period of deficient water supply, either from surface or underground sources. It can last months or years and is caused by consistently low precipitation. Droughts can have significant environmental, economic, social and health impacts. Types of drought include meteorological, hydrological and agricultural droughts. Regions commonly affected include parts of India and Brazil. Protection and relief efforts include dams, cloud seeding, desalination, land use practices, water restrictions, rainwater harvesting and water recycling.
Drought - Disaster management
This document provides an overview of droughts, including:
- Types of droughts like meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural droughts.
- Common drought indicators used to assess drought conditions such as the Standardized Precipitation Index and Palmer Drought Severity Index.
- Institutional responses to droughts in India led by agencies like the Ministry of Agriculture and state disaster management departments.
- Mitigation strategies discussed include watershed development, irrigation techniques, afforestation, and community participation programs.
Drought In Bangladesh
This is presented by Taslima Nasrin, student of Begum Rokeya University,Rangpur.It's about drought in Bangladesh and different model for drought analysis.
Draught natural disaster
This document discusses drought, including its definition, causes, classification, effects, and government policies to combat it. Drought is defined as an extended period of deficient precipitation that causes water shortage for people and crops. Common causes of drought include low rainfall, high air pressure, lack of monsoon winds, depletion of forests and groundwater, and global warming. Droughts are classified as meteorological, agricultural, or hydrological based on their physical aspects and impacts. Effects of drought include economic losses, food shortages, environmental damage, and social impacts like conflicts and migration. The document provides a case study of the severe 2002 drought in Rajasthan, India and outlines various government programs to address drought like rural employment schemes and waters
Flood
Floods are a common natural disaster in India that occur when bodies of water overflow their normal boundaries due to heavy rainfall or snow/ice melt. There are several types of floods including flash floods caused by intense rainfall in mountainous areas, river floods along large rivers, coastal floods due to storm surges and tsunamis, and urban floods when rainfall cannot be absorbed in urban areas. Floods can damage property and infrastructure, spread disease, and disrupt communities but may also provide benefits by recharging groundwater or increasing soil fertility. Prevention methods include coastal defenses, town planning, retaining walls, dams, and increasing vegetation cover. States frequently affected by floods in India include West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh,
Drought management in rangelands
This document discusses types of drought and drought management in rangelands. It describes three types of drought: meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological. Meteorological drought is defined by a lack of precipitation. Agricultural drought impacts soil moisture and crops/animals. Hydrological drought decreases water levels in rivers, lakes, and groundwater. The document outlines causes of drought and its effects on rangelands, including lack of forage/water and increased wildfires. It recommends management strategies like providing supplemental feed, vaccinating animals grazing toxic plants, reducing herd size, and temporarily moving animals to less drought-stricken areas.
PPT on drought in india
Drought is an extended period of deficient water supply caused by significantly below average precipitation. It can impact ecosystems, agriculture, and local economies. Some plant species have adaptations like reduced leaves or waxy coatings to tolerate drought. Past droughts in India have led to major famines and tens of millions of deaths in the 18th-20th centuries. Indian agriculture depends heavily on the summer monsoon, and monsoon failures can result in water shortages and below average crop yields in drought-prone regions.
Drought
Drought is defined as a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall that negatively impacts living conditions and agriculture. It is difficult to determine the exact onset and end of a drought. Drought can be caused by improper rainfall distribution over time and space, as well as an imbalance between precipitation and water usage. There are different types of drought including meteorological, hydrological, agricultural, and socio-economic droughts that have increasingly severe impacts on weather, water resources, crop yields, and the economy. While drought is a natural phenomenon, its effects are exacerbated in developing countries by issues like overpopulation, deforestation, and unsustainable water usage.
Drought management
Drought is a period of below-average precipitation that results in prolonged water shortages. There are four main types of drought: meteorological, agricultural, hydrological, and socioeconomic. Causes of drought include low amounts of atmospheric water vapor, shifting air masses, human activities like deforestation and overfarming, and global warming. India has a drought management system that involves reporting from local gram panchayats up through state and national authorities. Over the past 200 years India has experienced many reported drought events.
Drought, its Effects & Suggestions to Prevent it.
This document discusses drought, its causes, effects, and suggestions for prevention. It defines drought as a period of below average precipitation resulting in water shortages. The causes of drought include deforestation, global warming, excess water use, and lack of precipitation. The economic, environmental and social impacts of drought are outlined, such as losses to agriculture, wildlife habitat destruction, and health problems. Suggestions to prevent drought include stopping deforestation, xeriscaping, reducing pollution, saving water through conservation methods, using drought resistant crops, and advanced irrigation systems. Artificial glaciers created using pipes and cold temperatures are also mentioned as a method used in India to harvest water.
Drought
Drought is defined as a period with less than average water supply, whether surface or underground. It can last months or years and is caused by consistently low precipitation. There are four types of drought: meteorological based on dryness compared to normal; agricultural linking dryness to farm impacts; hydrological associated with low streamflow and reservoirs; and socioeconomic when people are affected by water shortages. Drought damages include direct losses like income and indirect losses like reduced revenues. Causes are natural like less rain or human-made like overuse of water.
Evs ppt
This document discusses drought, including its definition, types, causes, history in India, and effects. It notes that drought is a condition of acute water scarcity caused by significantly lower than average rainfall over an extended period. There are three main types of drought: meteorological, based on rainfall amounts; hydrological, based on water levels in supplies; and agricultural, referring to insufficient water for crop growth. Key causes discussed include low rainfall, soil erosion, global warming, and deforestation. The document outlines some of the most drought prone areas in India and provides a table showing drought years from 1801-2010.
Disaster management
Disaster
“A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area”.
(W.H.O.)
Disaster management
Disaster management can be defined as the effective organization, direction, and utilization of available counter-disaster resource.
B T Basavanthappa
Aim
• To provide prompt and effective medical care to the maximum possible in order to minimize morbidity and mortality.
Objectives
• To optimally prepare the staff and institutional resources for effective performance in disaster situation
• To make the community aware of the sequential steps that should be taken at individual and organization levels.
DM (UNIT-1) (1).pptx
This document outlines the syllabus for a disaster management course. The syllabus covers 5 units: (1) introduction to disasters including definitions, causes and impacts of disasters like earthquakes, floods and droughts; (2) approaches to disaster risk reduction including the disaster cycle and roles of different stakeholders; (3) relationship between disasters and development; (4) disaster risk management in India; and (5) case studies and field works related to different disasters. Key concepts covered include hazards, vulnerability, resilience, and structural vs non-structural disaster risk reduction measures. The syllabus aims to equip students with knowledge on different types of disasters, their impacts and management.
Floods
The document discusses floods in India, including definitions, causes, impacts, management strategies, and case studies. It provides an overview of flood types, forecasting methods, zoning, and benefits. Major factors that cause floods are described. Impacts include loss of life, property damage, health issues, and economic disruption. Management involves mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Case studies of specific flood events in India are also presented.
Disaster Management
The document discusses various aspects of disasters including definitions, types, phases of disaster management, and principles of disaster management. It defines a disaster as a sudden accident or natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life. Disasters are classified as natural disasters, which result from natural hazards like floods, earthquakes or technological/man-made disasters. The phases of disaster management are prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, rehabilitation and reconstruction. Key principles of disaster management include shared responsibility between different levels of government and recognizing the roles of non-government organizations.
Drought ppt
Drought is caused by a prolonged period of below average precipitation over an extended time, such as a season or more. This results in a shortage of available water that can adversely impact vegetation, animals, and people. Droughts are influenced by factors like increased anticyclones, global warming, overpopulation, overcultivation, and deforestation. Consequences of drought include hunger, thirst, disease, wildfires, and social conflicts that can lead to migration or relocation. Australia experienced years of drought in the early 2000s that resulted in millions of livestock deaths and temporary relocations until floods eventually provided relief.
Disaster management
The document discusses various types of natural disasters commonly occurring in India such as floods, earthquakes, cyclones, and landslides. It describes the causes and effects of these disasters and highlights various structural and non-structural mitigation measures that can help reduce their impacts, such as early warning systems, disaster preparedness training, land use planning, and hazard-resistant infrastructure development. The document emphasizes that while not all natural disasters can be prevented, taking proactive mitigation actions can considerably reduce loss of life and property.
Drought and its management
This presentation discusses drought monitoring and water resource management. It defines drought and outlines the objectives of understanding drought types, indicators, impacts, and applying water management strategies. It reviews literature on indices used to monitor meteorological, hydrological and remote sensing aspects of drought. These indices include SPI, SWI and NDVI. The presentation describes various water resource management approaches that can be used during drought, such as improved irrigation, groundwater harvesting, and surface water management through reservoirs and river interlinking. It stresses the importance of integrated management and community involvement in water provision and conservation.
Disaster management
The document discusses disaster management and planning. It defines disasters as crisis situations that exceed recovery capabilities. Disasters are classified as natural (earthquakes, floods) or man-made (war, accidents). Disaster management includes developing recovery plans and implementing them when disasters occur. Good disaster planning involves anticipating types of disasters, developing prevention, preparation, response and recovery measures, and drawing on community and expert wisdom. It is a collective responsibility requiring government, community and private sector cooperation.
Presentation on flood
Floods are a common natural disaster in India that occur annually, causing widespread damage to lives and property. Some key points about floods and their management in India include:
- The major flood-prone states are Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, and West Bengal.
- Floods are caused by heavy rainfall, river overflow, coastal flooding, and sometimes dam/reservoir failures. They impact lives, infrastructure, agriculture, and the economy.
- Flood management involves forecasting, structural measures like dams and levees, and non-structural plans to minimize damage and warn communities. Zoning also directs development away from high risk flood areas.
Exogenous disasters drought
Hazards which originate above the surface of the earth (in the atmosphere) are called exogenous hazards.
Community based disaster management
1) Community-based disaster management (CBDM) empowers local communities to manage risks and disasters through their participation in prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts.
2) Case studies of CBDM programs in several Asian countries found that key factors for success included meaningful community participation, capacity building, training, and integrating projects into long-term development plans.
3) Examples of CBDM programs discussed include rebuilding efforts after earthquakes in India and Afghanistan, retrofitting schools to make them earthquake resilient, and developing construction guidelines and training masons.
Drought
Drought is defined as a period with a water deficit, either on the surface or underground, and can last from months to years. Drought is caused by a lack of moisture in the atmosphere from high pressure systems, and can be exacerbated by deforestation. There are three types of drought: meteorological, occurring when rainfall is below average; hydrological, a depletion of surface water; and agricultural, a lack of soil moisture impacting crop yields. Drought has short and long term economic, environmental, and social consequences. India has a long history of drought policies aimed at relief, development of information systems, and improving rural resources, but more sustainable long term strategies are still needed.
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The document discusses disaster management and defines disasters. It notes that disasters can be natural or man-made, and lists some common types of each. The key phases of disaster management are prevention, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation/reconstruction. Major disasters that have impacted India between 1980-2005 are also outlined, including floods, cyclones, earthquakes, and tsunamis. The principles of disaster management focus on minimizing casualties, preventing further harm, rescuing victims, providing first aid and evacuation, medical care, and reconstruction.
water for all
This document discusses the importance of saving water and various methods for doing so. It notes that only 0.3% of water is fresh water available to humans, yet we pollute it and fail to consider people suffering from water scarcity. Dams and water harvesting are presented as two key methods. Dams allow for water storage but can displace people and harm the environment. Water harvesting through watershed management and traditional systems helps recharge groundwater, benefits communities, and is more sustainable than large dams. The document promotes raising awareness of water issues in observation of World Water Day each March 22nd.
Natural resources and problems
Natural resources are materials found in nature that are valuable to humans. Due to population growth and industrialization, demand for natural resources is increasing while availability is limited, requiring proper management. Key natural resources include forests, water, minerals, food, and land. Forests help regulate climate and provide habitat but are threatened by deforestation. Water resources like rivers face issues like flooding, drought, overuse, and pollution. Mining and dams can negatively impact forests and water. Food production relies on agriculture and risks like modern farming practices, population growth, and land degradation including desertification. Sustainable management of natural resources is needed to meet current and future human needs.
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Drought management in rangelands
This document discusses types of drought and drought management in rangelands. It describes three types of drought: meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological. Meteorological drought is defined by a lack of precipitation. Agricultural drought impacts soil moisture and crops/animals. Hydrological drought decreases water levels in rivers, lakes, and groundwater. The document outlines causes of drought and its effects on rangelands, including lack of forage/water and increased wildfires. It recommends management strategies like providing supplemental feed, vaccinating animals grazing toxic plants, reducing herd size, and temporarily moving animals to less drought-stricken areas.
PPT on drought in india
Drought is an extended period of deficient water supply caused by significantly below average precipitation. It can impact ecosystems, agriculture, and local economies. Some plant species have adaptations like reduced leaves or waxy coatings to tolerate drought. Past droughts in India have led to major famines and tens of millions of deaths in the 18th-20th centuries. Indian agriculture depends heavily on the summer monsoon, and monsoon failures can result in water shortages and below average crop yields in drought-prone regions.
Drought
Drought is defined as a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall that negatively impacts living conditions and agriculture. It is difficult to determine the exact onset and end of a drought. Drought can be caused by improper rainfall distribution over time and space, as well as an imbalance between precipitation and water usage. There are different types of drought including meteorological, hydrological, agricultural, and socio-economic droughts that have increasingly severe impacts on weather, water resources, crop yields, and the economy. While drought is a natural phenomenon, its effects are exacerbated in developing countries by issues like overpopulation, deforestation, and unsustainable water usage.
Drought management
Drought is a period of below-average precipitation that results in prolonged water shortages. There are four main types of drought: meteorological, agricultural, hydrological, and socioeconomic. Causes of drought include low amounts of atmospheric water vapor, shifting air masses, human activities like deforestation and overfarming, and global warming. India has a drought management system that involves reporting from local gram panchayats up through state and national authorities. Over the past 200 years India has experienced many reported drought events.
Drought, its Effects & Suggestions to Prevent it.
This document discusses drought, its causes, effects, and suggestions for prevention. It defines drought as a period of below average precipitation resulting in water shortages. The causes of drought include deforestation, global warming, excess water use, and lack of precipitation. The economic, environmental and social impacts of drought are outlined, such as losses to agriculture, wildlife habitat destruction, and health problems. Suggestions to prevent drought include stopping deforestation, xeriscaping, reducing pollution, saving water through conservation methods, using drought resistant crops, and advanced irrigation systems. Artificial glaciers created using pipes and cold temperatures are also mentioned as a method used in India to harvest water.
Drought
Drought is defined as a period with less than average water supply, whether surface or underground. It can last months or years and is caused by consistently low precipitation. There are four types of drought: meteorological based on dryness compared to normal; agricultural linking dryness to farm impacts; hydrological associated with low streamflow and reservoirs; and socioeconomic when people are affected by water shortages. Drought damages include direct losses like income and indirect losses like reduced revenues. Causes are natural like less rain or human-made like overuse of water.
Evs ppt
This document discusses drought, including its definition, types, causes, history in India, and effects. It notes that drought is a condition of acute water scarcity caused by significantly lower than average rainfall over an extended period. There are three main types of drought: meteorological, based on rainfall amounts; hydrological, based on water levels in supplies; and agricultural, referring to insufficient water for crop growth. Key causes discussed include low rainfall, soil erosion, global warming, and deforestation. The document outlines some of the most drought prone areas in India and provides a table showing drought years from 1801-2010.
Disaster management
Disaster
“A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area”.
(W.H.O.)
Disaster management
Disaster management can be defined as the effective organization, direction, and utilization of available counter-disaster resource.
B T Basavanthappa
Aim
• To provide prompt and effective medical care to the maximum possible in order to minimize morbidity and mortality.
Objectives
• To optimally prepare the staff and institutional resources for effective performance in disaster situation
• To make the community aware of the sequential steps that should be taken at individual and organization levels.
DM (UNIT-1) (1).pptx
This document outlines the syllabus for a disaster management course. The syllabus covers 5 units: (1) introduction to disasters including definitions, causes and impacts of disasters like earthquakes, floods and droughts; (2) approaches to disaster risk reduction including the disaster cycle and roles of different stakeholders; (3) relationship between disasters and development; (4) disaster risk management in India; and (5) case studies and field works related to different disasters. Key concepts covered include hazards, vulnerability, resilience, and structural vs non-structural disaster risk reduction measures. The syllabus aims to equip students with knowledge on different types of disasters, their impacts and management.
Floods
The document discusses floods in India, including definitions, causes, impacts, management strategies, and case studies. It provides an overview of flood types, forecasting methods, zoning, and benefits. Major factors that cause floods are described. Impacts include loss of life, property damage, health issues, and economic disruption. Management involves mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Case studies of specific flood events in India are also presented.
Disaster Management
The document discusses various aspects of disasters including definitions, types, phases of disaster management, and principles of disaster management. It defines a disaster as a sudden accident or natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life. Disasters are classified as natural disasters, which result from natural hazards like floods, earthquakes or technological/man-made disasters. The phases of disaster management are prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, rehabilitation and reconstruction. Key principles of disaster management include shared responsibility between different levels of government and recognizing the roles of non-government organizations.
Drought ppt
Drought is caused by a prolonged period of below average precipitation over an extended time, such as a season or more. This results in a shortage of available water that can adversely impact vegetation, animals, and people. Droughts are influenced by factors like increased anticyclones, global warming, overpopulation, overcultivation, and deforestation. Consequences of drought include hunger, thirst, disease, wildfires, and social conflicts that can lead to migration or relocation. Australia experienced years of drought in the early 2000s that resulted in millions of livestock deaths and temporary relocations until floods eventually provided relief.
Disaster management
The document discusses various types of natural disasters commonly occurring in India such as floods, earthquakes, cyclones, and landslides. It describes the causes and effects of these disasters and highlights various structural and non-structural mitigation measures that can help reduce their impacts, such as early warning systems, disaster preparedness training, land use planning, and hazard-resistant infrastructure development. The document emphasizes that while not all natural disasters can be prevented, taking proactive mitigation actions can considerably reduce loss of life and property.
Drought and its management
This presentation discusses drought monitoring and water resource management. It defines drought and outlines the objectives of understanding drought types, indicators, impacts, and applying water management strategies. It reviews literature on indices used to monitor meteorological, hydrological and remote sensing aspects of drought. These indices include SPI, SWI and NDVI. The presentation describes various water resource management approaches that can be used during drought, such as improved irrigation, groundwater harvesting, and surface water management through reservoirs and river interlinking. It stresses the importance of integrated management and community involvement in water provision and conservation.
Disaster management
The document discusses disaster management and planning. It defines disasters as crisis situations that exceed recovery capabilities. Disasters are classified as natural (earthquakes, floods) or man-made (war, accidents). Disaster management includes developing recovery plans and implementing them when disasters occur. Good disaster planning involves anticipating types of disasters, developing prevention, preparation, response and recovery measures, and drawing on community and expert wisdom. It is a collective responsibility requiring government, community and private sector cooperation.
Presentation on flood
Floods are a common natural disaster in India that occur annually, causing widespread damage to lives and property. Some key points about floods and their management in India include:
- The major flood-prone states are Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, and West Bengal.
- Floods are caused by heavy rainfall, river overflow, coastal flooding, and sometimes dam/reservoir failures. They impact lives, infrastructure, agriculture, and the economy.
- Flood management involves forecasting, structural measures like dams and levees, and non-structural plans to minimize damage and warn communities. Zoning also directs development away from high risk flood areas.
Exogenous disasters drought
Hazards which originate above the surface of the earth (in the atmosphere) are called exogenous hazards.
Community based disaster management
1) Community-based disaster management (CBDM) empowers local communities to manage risks and disasters through their participation in prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts.
2) Case studies of CBDM programs in several Asian countries found that key factors for success included meaningful community participation, capacity building, training, and integrating projects into long-term development plans.
3) Examples of CBDM programs discussed include rebuilding efforts after earthquakes in India and Afghanistan, retrofitting schools to make them earthquake resilient, and developing construction guidelines and training masons.
Drought
Drought is defined as a period with a water deficit, either on the surface or underground, and can last from months to years. Drought is caused by a lack of moisture in the atmosphere from high pressure systems, and can be exacerbated by deforestation. There are three types of drought: meteorological, occurring when rainfall is below average; hydrological, a depletion of surface water; and agricultural, a lack of soil moisture impacting crop yields. Drought has short and long term economic, environmental, and social consequences. India has a long history of drought policies aimed at relief, development of information systems, and improving rural resources, but more sustainable long term strategies are still needed.
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The document discusses disaster management and defines disasters. It notes that disasters can be natural or man-made, and lists some common types of each. The key phases of disaster management are prevention, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation/reconstruction. Major disasters that have impacted India between 1980-2005 are also outlined, including floods, cyclones, earthquakes, and tsunamis. The principles of disaster management focus on minimizing casualties, preventing further harm, rescuing victims, providing first aid and evacuation, medical care, and reconstruction.
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Drought - Disaster Management
- 1. Shri Swami Atmanand Saraswati Inst. Of Technology________________________________________ Prof. Maulik R. Joshi
- 2. Drought • Rainfall deficiency during a Long Period for large area is called as Draught. • Draughts is also occurs • Ground Water level is not within agricultural communities. What is Drought ?? • Major cause of Drought in India is Shortage of Rain. • Humans have interfered in the environmental process. • People have filled up Ponds, Rivers (Natural Resources) • But they have destroyed the vegetation cover. Causes of DROUGHT ??
- 3. Drought • Draughts cause scarcity of Food and Water. • People are die Due to • Hunger • Malnutrition • Epidemics Effects of Drought ?? MalnutritionEpidemics • People are forced to migrate from their area of residence. • Crops are fails due to scarcity of water. • Peoples leave their villages with their families for long , unknown and uncertain journey • Food, Water, Green Fodder, Employement.
- 4. Drought By adopting following methods it is possible to mitigate the intensity of drought. • Production of coarse and hardy cereals. • Conservation of soil moisture by deep ploughing. • Storing water behind small dams. • Collection of water in Ponds and Tanks. • Use of sprinklers for irrigation. • Sowing drought resistant Crops: • Cotton, Moong, Wheat. • Rain water harvesting • Collection of Rain Water in Water Tank. Mitigation ? Ploughing Sprinklers Rain Water Harvesting
- 5. Drought • By making high bunds around the fields. • Adoption of terrace Cultivation. • Planning trees on the bunds on field. Mitigation ? Terrace farming is a type of farming that consists of different “steps” or “terraces” that were developed in various places around the world. Terrace Cultivation High Bunds on Field Maximum Use of Rainwater. Mitigation measures are those that eliminate or reduce the impacts and risks of hazards through proactive measures taken before an emergency or disaster occurs.
- 6. Drought Mitigation ? Water can also be conserved by taming the irrigation canals with brick and mortar. Unlined Canals Lined Canal
- 7. THANK YOU Prof. Maulik R. Joshi profmaulikrjoshi@gmail.com www.profmaulikrjoshi.yolasite.com