Dragon fruit cultivation in Sri Lanka (english)

DRAGON FRUIT
CULTIVATION
*Green lanka publications
GreenLanka mentors (pvt) ltd.
www.greenlanka.lk | +94 772984757
ravirajeevan@gmail.com

* AGRICULURE RESEARCH *AGRICULURE PRODUCTION
*AGRICULTURE BASED INNOVATIONS *ONLINE MARKETING
GreenLanka mentors (pvt) ltd.
www.greenlanka.lk | +94 772984757
ravirajeevan@gmail.com

VARIETIES
Four types of fruits available
1.White flesh type
2.Red flesh type
3.Yellow pitaya
4.Pear type pitaya
www.greenlanka.lk| +94 772984757

Y
Rare fruit type

NUTRITIONAL VALUE IN 100g
 Water (g) 82.5 – 83
 Proten (g) 0.159 – 0.229
 Fat (g) 0.21 – 0.61
 Fibre (g) 0.7 – 0.9
 Carotene (mg) 0.005 – 0.012
 P (mg) 30.2 – 36.1
 Fe 0.55 – 0.65
 Vit. B1 (mg) 0.28 – 0.043
 Vit. B2 (mg) 0.043 – 0.045
 Vit. B3 (mg) 0.297 – 0.43
 Vit. C (mg) 8 – 9
 Other (mg) 0.54 – 0.68

CLIMATIC REQ.
Adapted to tropical climate
Annual rainfall 500-1250 ml
Temperature 20 – 30C0
Vigorous growth in High OM, Well drained and
Loam soils
Now successfully can grow even in Dry Zone
60 – 70 % Solar radiation is needed
Dry & higher solar radiation can cause sun scorch
on fleshy stems and rotting

PROPAGATION TECHNIQUES
Mature stems removed from suitable mother
plants (15-18cm long )
Store few days (7) under cool and dry shade
condition
Filling the poly bags with 1:1:2 (Top soil: Sand:
Compost) potting mixture in 7” poly bags
Planting the prepared stem cuttings and keep
under shade
Acclimatize the plants before establish
It will take 1 ½ -2 months time

 Layout diagram photo
Rooting in protected structures

LAND PREPARATION
Spacing 12 x 12 feet or 10 x 10
Pit size 75 x 75 cm
Development of drainage system in
poor drainage soils

ESTABLISHMENT OF CONCRETE
POST

Establishment of concrete post

Planting and Protection

After 3 – 4 months

Flowering and fruiting in inter cropping system

FERTILIZER APPLICATION
 Apply organic matter and chemical fertilizer together
 OM – as basal dressing 10 – 15 kg / pit
 as top dressing increase 2 -3 kg/ year up to 25 kg / plant
 Chemical fertilizer –
Basal dressing – TSP 120g/ Pit
Top dressing – 1 MAP & every other 4 months
Urea 90g
TSP 100g
MOP 50g
Mature plants
Urea 45g
TSP 45g
MOP 100g www.greenlanka.lk| +94 772984757

TRAINING AND PRUNING
Trellising is essential and concrete posts are used for
this purpose
The height of the concrete post is 7 feet
Side branches should be pruned up to the top of the
post
Aerial roots grow and attached to the post and
strengthen the plant
Decapitation is practiced when the plant reach up to
the ring

TRAINING

A WELL TRAINED PLANT

Supporting rings

Well trained plantation

UNNECESSARY SHOOTS

FLOWERING AND FRUITING
After 1 ½ years it starts flowering
 Normal fruiting season is April – November
Large and beautiful flowers appear on
hanging branches
Flowering occurs in late evening or night time
There are 10 – 20 flushes / Year

MATURITY & RIPENING
 Ripening occurs 30 – 40 days after flowering
 Colour change from green to purple when ripening

Unripened fruit

Ripened fruits

YIELD
 Average fruit weight 350 – 550g
 About 12 – 16 kg / plant / year
 Maximum yield is 40 kg / plant/ year
 Keeping quality is good 40 days at 5C0 –and 90 % RH
 There are no. of processed products

PESTS AND DISEASES
Roots and stem rot
Anthracnose fruit rot
Stem rot
Sun scorch

Sun scorching

Gliricidia shade to prevent the sun
scorching

PEST DAMAGES
Ants
Termites
Mollusk
Army worm
Scale insects
Fruitfly
Bats

DAMAGES BY ANTS

Fungal damage

Red Pitaya, cut open
Flesh of Costa Rica Pitayas
Flesh of Costa Rica

Red Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus)
Red Pitayas for sale in Poland
Another opened Red Pitaya
Costa Rica Pitaya
(Hylocereus
costaricensis)
Yellow Pitaya
(Hylocereus
megalanthus)

Opera ration Crop Establishment 2
nd
year 3
rd
year 4
th
year 5
th
year 6
th
year 7
th
year 8 - 25 year
Input Power
Cost
Rs/ha
Labor 1
st
year
Qty/ha Rs/ha Mds Cost
Rs/ha
Fencing 100 45000 45000
Poles 140 49000 49000
Bard wire (kg) 250 40000 40000
Nails (kg) 10 2000 2000
Land preparation (4WT) 20000 19 8550 28550
Planting (No of plants) 800 40000 50 22500 62500
Fertilizer application NPK (kg) ** 672 57408 20 9000 66408 61408 61408 61408 61408 61408 61408 1105344
Compost (kg) 800 160000 20 9000 25000 28200 31400 36200 41000 44200 49000 882000
Trellising & Traininig 0 40 18000 18000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 162000
Post 400000 50 22500 422500
Bar wires & Tyres 800 160000 160000
Prunning 150 20 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 162000
Manual Weeding 30 13500 13500 13500 13500 13500 13500 13500 13500 13500
Harvesting 11000 11000 11000 11000 11000 11000 11000 11000 198000
Land rent 120 130 140 150 160 170 3060
Total labour (Mds) 349
Total Cost (Rs) 775408 20000 157050 952458 136608 144308 153608 162308 170608 179908 3238344
Yeild (kg/ha) 1200 2400 4800 8000 12000 17600 360000
Gross Income (Rs/ha) 360000 720000 1440000 2400000 3600000 5280000 108000000
Present value of cost (Rs) 1751076 NPK
(kg)**
Present value of Benefit (Rs) 20125875.00
Net present value (Rs) 18374799.00
Benefit Cost Ratio 11.49 Urea - 216kg
Releated Inforamation TSP - 336kg
Discount Rate 0.15 MOP - 120kg
Wage Rate (Rs/day) 450
Average yield (kg/ha) 20000
Average Price (Rs/kg) 300 www.greenlanka.lk| +94 772984757

Dragon fruit cultivation in Sri Lanka (english)

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