turmeric cultivativation , production technology of turmeric Arvind Yadav
TURMERIC.Scientific Name : Curcuma longa.
Family :Zingiberaceae,
2n = 3X=63.
Origin place : South East Asia.
Economic part :- dried rhizome.
Curcuma longa an herbaceous perennial herb.
Curcumin (4 -7 %) is the principle colouring pigment in turmeric .
Essential oil content :- 2.5 -7.2 %.Area and production :-
India is the largest producer and exporter of turmeric in the world.
Area :- 180.96 lakh hectares.
Annual production of 7.92 lakh metric tonnes.
Andhra Pradesh stood first contributing 30% of the production followed by Orissa, Tamilnadu.
The productivity of turmeric is 4,400 kg/hectare.
turmeric cultivativation , production technology of turmeric Arvind Yadav
TURMERIC.Scientific Name : Curcuma longa.
Family :Zingiberaceae,
2n = 3X=63.
Origin place : South East Asia.
Economic part :- dried rhizome.
Curcuma longa an herbaceous perennial herb.
Curcumin (4 -7 %) is the principle colouring pigment in turmeric .
Essential oil content :- 2.5 -7.2 %.Area and production :-
India is the largest producer and exporter of turmeric in the world.
Area :- 180.96 lakh hectares.
Annual production of 7.92 lakh metric tonnes.
Andhra Pradesh stood first contributing 30% of the production followed by Orissa, Tamilnadu.
The productivity of turmeric is 4,400 kg/hectare.
The Presentation is prepared by N.S Institution of science, Markapur.
It consists of a basic introduction related to hybrid seed production related to rice.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Agronomic and cultural practices of black gram (soil ,climate ,seed rate ,distribution ,varieties, diseases and pest management,maturity ,harvesting, yield )
Recommendations for the farmer to get maximum yield .
The Presentation is prepared by N.S Institution of science, Markapur.
It consists of a basic introduction related to hybrid seed production related to rice.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Agronomic and cultural practices of black gram (soil ,climate ,seed rate ,distribution ,varieties, diseases and pest management,maturity ,harvesting, yield )
Recommendations for the farmer to get maximum yield .
Anther culture:- the in vitro culturing of anthers containing microspores or immature pollen grains on a nutrient medium for the purpose of generating haploid plantlets.
Culturing anthers for the purpose of obtaining Double Haploid is not easy with many field crop species, particularly with the cereals, cotton, and grain legumes.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
3. TAXONOMY.
Botanical name :Glycine max.
Order :Fabales
Family :Fabaceae
Sub-family :Faboideae
Genus Glycine
Tribe :Phaseoleae
Sub-tribe :Faboideae
Species :max
3
4. INTRODUCTION
Soybean is the major legume crop of the
World in terms of total production.
Soybean seeds contain 40% protein and
20% oil on dry basis.
4
5. ORIGIN
This crop originated in china and is
currently grown in 35 countries of the world.
United states is the largest producers
followed by Brazil, China, and Argentina.
5
8. Contd….
It is most popularly used in china in the
name of soy foods such as tofu, miso,
temph,etc.
To the chinese, the soybean was know
as “meat of the fields”.
Because it produces about three times
more protein than rice, wheat, or
maize. 8
9. Contd….
The plant serves as good souce of
nitrogen by fixing about 50kg per
hectare.
It has become the major source of
edible vegetable oils.
9
10. CYTOLOGY
Glycine is the only genus where species
have diploid chromosome number of
40 and 80 but not 20.
The large number of chromosomes,
small size,and similarity of the
chromosome have often discouraged
cytological investgation in soybean.
10
11. RELATED SPECIES OF SOTBEAN.
A.SUBGENUS GLYCINE.
Glycine clandestine.
G.tomentella
B.SUBGENUS SOJA.
G.soja
G.max
11
12. FLORAL BIOLOGY
Soybean belongs to family
legumioseae and it is
highly self pollinated.
Soybean has perfect
flower consistig of calyx,
Corolla, pistil and
stamens.
There are 5sepals,
green,hairy sepals.
12
13. Contd…
The corolla begins to emerge
from the sepals.
The are five petals,one standard,
two keel and two wing petals.
The keel petals encloses the pistal
and the stamen.
Stamens are 10 in number and
diadelphous,nine are united to
form a tube around the ovary
and the tenth is free.
13
14. Contd…
The pistle has a single ovary with generally
two or three ovules,a long style and stigma.
The stigma is slightly hairy and covered by
the Keel.
Fruit is a legume.
14
15. SELFING AND CROSSING TECHNIQUES
Equipments required.
Dissecting forceps.
Needles.
Paper clips.
Cover bags.
15
16. Selfing
Soybean is
predominantly a self
pollinated crop.In
order to ensure
complete selfing,the
inflorence is enclosed
in a bag. The
bagging material
used is paper bag.
16
22. Contd…..
Remove all the diadelphous stamens with
the help of forceps or needle.
22
23. STEPS OF POLLINATION.
Pollination is done in
the next morning.
Collect all the pollen
from the male parent
by removing organs
with the forceps when
the anthers are
matured.
23
26. Contd…
Attach the tag with the following information.
Objective.
Date of emasculation.
Date of pollination
Name of the breeder
26
27. Research centers.
AICRP on soybean headquater located in G.B.
PANT university of agriculture was shifted to Indore
with the establishment of NRC on soybean at Indore
in 1986.
INTERNATIONAL SOYBEAN
PROGRAMME(INTSOY).
It was stated in 1973 and sponsored by United states
Agency for international development is a
programme of the University of Illonois at urbana-
champaign.
27
28. Cont…
Progamme activities:
Research
Testing and breeding programmes.
Publications
Regional and international conferences.
Training courses and study programme.
28
29. Sources of soybean seeds.
Directorate of soybean : Indore.
National seed project : Bangalore and Dharwad.
Activities :crop breeding , crop protection , crop
production.
Varieties grown in B’LORE NSP:
MAUS -2, KARUNE, MACS-450,KB -
79,HARDEE,KHSB-2.
JS-335,JS-93-05.
29