Dr. Laura Johnson - What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Erie HABS?
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What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Erie HABS? - Dr. Laura Johnson, Heidelberg University, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
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Dr. Laura Johnson - What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Erie HABS?
- 1. LAKE ERIE HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS: LESSONS FROM 2019 Laura Johnson
- 2. • We sample the Maumee River at Waterville, Ohio • One of 23 stations • The HTLP began in 1974 with the Sandusky and Maumee • The newest stations are smaller watersheds to help test practice effectiveness Heidelberg Tributary Loading Program
- 4. Colorimetry for TP, DRP, TKN, NH4, Si Ion chromatography for NO3, NO2, Cl, Fl, SO4 Suspended Sediments *Pesticide monitoring at select stations
- 5. Huge continuous nutrient concentration databases Maumee dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations
- 6. Load Mass/time Metric tons/year = Concentration Mass/H2O volume mg/L Discharge H2O volume/time m3/s x
- 7. Fig. 4. Mean total phosphorus loadings (MTA) to Lake Erie (2003–2013).
- 10. Maumee River spring loads drive bloom severity r=0.81 r=0.78 r=0.83 r=0.83 March-July loads (metric tons) Total bioavailable P is the portion of P available to algae that doesn’t settle between Waterville and the lake TBP = DRP + 0.08*(TPP)
- 11. 2019 had a very wet spring and dissolved P loads were similar to 2014 and 2017 3rd highest March-July flow since 1975 5th highest dissolved P load since 2002 (9th highest since 1975)
- 12. The 2019 bloom on August 5th
- 14. 2019 Bloom Forecast and Observation Forecast 7.5 BloomSeverityIndex *The model based on discharge or TPP predicted a bloom similar to 2011 Observed 7.3
- 15. Maumee River spring loads drive bloom severity
- 16. Dissolved P loads were 30% lower than expected in 2019, which lead to a lower bloom size
- 17. A similar decrease seen in total particulate phosphorus during 2015 had no effect on bloom size 2015 2015 BSI 2015 = 10.5 BSI 2019 = 7.3
- 18. What can we learn from this year? Focus on controlling dissolved P will have the largest impact on bloom size P fertilizer applied over the previous year has a large influence on spring and summer dissolved P load
- 19. From Vadas et al. 2005 Dissolved P losses are often linked to soil test P, but that wouldn’t explain this year
- 20. It’s unlikely that soil test P levels have changed substantially in one year mgkg–1 yr–1.Theinabilitytosignificantlyincrease eesiteswasinapparentdisagreementwithVitosh outlinedtheconceptofbuildingSTPlevelswith Theseresultsareparticularlysurprisinggiventhe andKconcentrationstoincreaseunderthe2× fer particularlygiventhelargenutrientsurplusesthat tohaveoccurredover9yr(Table5),andthatsoilP trationswouldremainunchangedoronlyslightly smallnutrientdeficienciesoccurringduringthest rtilization.Theseresultsareparticularlysurprisinggiventhe trationswouldremainunchangedoronlyslightly smallnutrientdeficienciesoccurringduringthes Soil test P (STP; mg kg–1 Bray-P1) for each fertilizer P rate averaged across fertilizer K rates (top three panels) an sium (STK; mg kg–1 AA-K) for each fertilizer K rate averaged across fertilizer P rates (bottom three panels) in cor SoilTestP(mg/kg) Agronomy Journal • Volume 110, Issue (STP; mg kg–1 Bray-P1) for each fertilizer P rate averaged across fertilizer K rates (top three panels) and mg kg–1 AA-K) for each fertilizer K rate averaged across fertilizer P rates (bottom three panels) in cor od County sites from 2006 to 2014. Black dotted horizontal lines indicate the maintenance range of STP ndard error of the mean. Fulford and Culman 2016, 2018 The current strategy is to maintain a bank of crop-available P in the soil such that you don’t have a yield loss if you miss one or more years of application
- 21. 30%
- 22. Special thanks to all our support!
- 23. Thanks! Laura T. Johnson Director National Center for Water Quality Research Heidelberg University 310 E. Market Street Tiffin, OH 44883 ljohnson@heidelberg.edu 419.448.2056 http://www.ncwqr.org https://www.facebook.com/ncwqr http://www.LakeErieAlgae.com https://www.blueaccounting.org/issue/eriestat
- 25. Most P and N comes from land runoff Septic Nonpoint Permitted discharges Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen Maumee River OEPA report 2018 Septic Nonpoint Permitted discharges +CSOs +CSOs
- 26. Long-term trends in annual nutrient concentrations from the Maumee River