The Direct Method was a language teaching method that emerged in the late 19th century as part of the Reform Movement. It emphasized oral language acquisition through immersion techniques without translation or explicit grammar instruction. Key principles included using the target language for instruction, presenting words in context, and teaching grammar inductively. The Direct Method aimed to mimic natural first language acquisition and fell out of favor after the 1930s as modern methods developed that incorporated more linguistic theories.

1. The Direct Method
In Teaching English
or
DM

2. Names or Abbreviations
• Berlitz Method
All natural and oral methods emerged around the Reform
Movement era can be considered forms of Direct
Method, among them:
Goiun’s Series Method, Sauveur Natural Method

3. Applied Linguists
• Activist reformists of late 19th century including:
H. Sweet, W. Victor, P. Pass
Language teachers including:
L. Sauveur, M. Berlitz

4. Dates
• Late 19th century to 1930s

5. Famous SLA Mateials
• N/A

6. Present Status
• It is replaced by modern methods. Some techniques of Series
method later were adapted and used by SLT and TPR.

7. Basis for Syllabus Design
• The Reform Movment

8. A Short History
• In the late 19th century some linguistics became activated to
solvve the problem of language learning. They worked on a
new methodologly towards foreign language teaching by
observing children’s developmental process and oral
charastristics of the languages. Their movement ( later labeled
as the Reform Movement ) resulted in emergence f phonotics
and building blocks of the applied linguistics ( applying
theoritical linguistics issues in language teaching and learning
).

9. The Role of Mother Tonge
• It is the medium of instruction. The class is continually filled
with the sound of the new language, since all activity is closely
linked with the use of the target language in speech and
writing.

10. Approach
Theory of Languge
• Nothing is in the scientific sense.
• The Reform Movement Principles:
1- Language is primarily speech.
2- The findings of the phonetics should be applited to language
teaching.
3- Teachers should be trained in phonetics.
4- Learners should also be given phonetics training to establish
good speech habits.

11. Approach
Theory of Learning
• No scientific psychological school. It is build around the
assumption that foreign language learning should be exactly
like the first language acquisition( the naturalistic principles in
language learning).

12. Reformists believed that:
• 1- The spoken language is primary(emphasis on oral-based
methodology)
• 2- Findings of phonetics should be applied to teaching and
teaching training.
• 3- Learners should hear the language first, before seeing it it in
written form.
• 4- Words should be presented in meaningful cotext.
• 5- Grammar should be taught inductively.
• 6- Translation should be avoided( meaning should be
conveyed through direct inferneces of ideas)

13. The End
by:
Farid Ashtab
T.T.C
of
Ali Ben Mahziar
Ahwaz
1391