Using Virtual Reality Technology in Oil and Gas IndustryDr. Amarjeet Singh
This article introduces the research of virtual
reality technologies used in the oil and gas industry. The
industry is so vast that the technologies used there are
radically different. Various aspects of oil and gas production
were considered, such as geodata modeling, real-time
production visualization technology. The problems and
possible solutions for translating CAD models into virtual
reality applications are indicated. Also, using virtual reality
technology, can increase the speed of work and reduce the
risk of errors, which is extremely important in the oil and
gas industry. As well as the benefits of learning and using
virtual reality to improve learning and understanding of
production processes.
Alternative Method for Determining the Elastic Modulus of ConcreteIJERA Editor
This paper presents the use of the technique of digital image correlation for obtaining the elasticity modulus of
concrete. The proposed system uses a USB microscope that captures images at a rate of five frames per second.
The stored data are correlated with the applied loads, and a stress-strain curve is generated to determine the
concrete compressive modulus of elasticity. Two different concretes were produced and tested using the
proposed system. The results were compared with the results obtained using a traditional strain gauge. It was
observed a difference in the range of 4% between the two methods, wherein this difference depends of a lot of
parameter in the case of the DIC results, as focal length and a video capture resolution, indicating that DIC
technique can be used to obtain mechanical properties of concrete.
A Review of Change Detection Techniques of LandCover Using Remote Sensing Dataiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Performance analysis of change detection techniques for land use land coverIJECEIAES
Remotely sensed satellite images have become essential to observe the spatial and temporal changes occurring due to either natural phenomenon or man-induced changes on the earth’s surface. Real time monitoring of this data provides useful information related to changes in extent of urbanization, environmental changes, water bodies, and forest. Through the use of remote sensing technology and geographic information system tools, it has become easier to monitor changes from past to present. In the present scenario, choosing a suitable change detection method plays a pivotal role in any remote sensing project. Previously, digital change detection was a tedious task. With the advent of machine learning techniques, it has become comparatively easier to detect changes in the digital images. The study gives a brief account of the main techniques of change detection related to land use land cover information. An effort is made to compare widely used change detection methods used to identify changes and discuss the need for development of enhanced change detection methods.
Using Virtual Reality Technology in Oil and Gas IndustryDr. Amarjeet Singh
This article introduces the research of virtual
reality technologies used in the oil and gas industry. The
industry is so vast that the technologies used there are
radically different. Various aspects of oil and gas production
were considered, such as geodata modeling, real-time
production visualization technology. The problems and
possible solutions for translating CAD models into virtual
reality applications are indicated. Also, using virtual reality
technology, can increase the speed of work and reduce the
risk of errors, which is extremely important in the oil and
gas industry. As well as the benefits of learning and using
virtual reality to improve learning and understanding of
production processes.
Alternative Method for Determining the Elastic Modulus of ConcreteIJERA Editor
This paper presents the use of the technique of digital image correlation for obtaining the elasticity modulus of
concrete. The proposed system uses a USB microscope that captures images at a rate of five frames per second.
The stored data are correlated with the applied loads, and a stress-strain curve is generated to determine the
concrete compressive modulus of elasticity. Two different concretes were produced and tested using the
proposed system. The results were compared with the results obtained using a traditional strain gauge. It was
observed a difference in the range of 4% between the two methods, wherein this difference depends of a lot of
parameter in the case of the DIC results, as focal length and a video capture resolution, indicating that DIC
technique can be used to obtain mechanical properties of concrete.
A Review of Change Detection Techniques of LandCover Using Remote Sensing Dataiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Performance analysis of change detection techniques for land use land coverIJECEIAES
Remotely sensed satellite images have become essential to observe the spatial and temporal changes occurring due to either natural phenomenon or man-induced changes on the earth’s surface. Real time monitoring of this data provides useful information related to changes in extent of urbanization, environmental changes, water bodies, and forest. Through the use of remote sensing technology and geographic information system tools, it has become easier to monitor changes from past to present. In the present scenario, choosing a suitable change detection method plays a pivotal role in any remote sensing project. Previously, digital change detection was a tedious task. With the advent of machine learning techniques, it has become comparatively easier to detect changes in the digital images. The study gives a brief account of the main techniques of change detection related to land use land cover information. An effort is made to compare widely used change detection methods used to identify changes and discuss the need for development of enhanced change detection methods.
Prediction of scour depth at bridge abutments in cohesive bed using gene expr...Mohd Danish
The scour modelling in cohesive beds is relatively more complex than that in sandy beds and
thus there is limited number of studies available on local scour at bridge abutments on cohesive
sediment. Recently, a good progress has been made in the development of data-driven techniques
based on artificial intelligence (AI). It has been reported that AI-based inductive modelling
techniques are frequently used to model complex process due to their powerful and non-linear model
structures and their increased capabilities to capture the cause and effect relationship of such
complex processes. Gene Expression Programming (GEP) is one of the AI techniques that have
emerged as a powerful tool in modelling complex phenomenon into simpler chromosomal
architecture. This technique has been proved to be more accurate and much simpler than other AI
tools. In the present study, an attempt has been made to implement GEP for the development of
scour depth prediction model at bridge abutments in cohesive sediments using laboratory data
available in literature. The present study reveals that the performance of GEP is better than nonlinear
regression model for the prediction of scour depth at abutments in cohesive beds.
A Survey on Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Soft Computing Techniquesiosrjce
Landslide is a common phenomenon especially in tectonically fragile and sensitive mountainous
terrain which causes damage to both human lives and environment. The complex geological setting of the areas
in the mountainous region makes the land highly susceptible to landslides. Hence, landslide susceptibility
mapping is an important step towards landslide hazard and risk management. The accurate prediction of the
occurrence of the landslide is difficult and in the recent years various models for landslide susceptibility
mapping has been presented. GIS is a key factor for the modeling of landslide susceptibility maps. This paper
presents the review of ongoing research on various landslide susceptibility mapping techniques in the recent
years.
GIS-3D Analysis of Susceptibility Landslide Disaster in Upstream Area of Jene...AM Publications
The assessment of landslide hazard and risk has become a topic of major interest for both geoscientists and engineering professionals as well as for local communities and administrations in many parts of the world. Recently, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with their excellent spatial data processing capacity, have attracted great attention in natural disaster assessment. In this paper, an assessment of landslide hazard at Upper Area of Jeneberang Watershed has been studied using GIS technology. By simulating the potential landslide according the minimum safety factor value using GIS, it can be expected that great contribution as a basic decision making for many prevention works before future landslide occurs at upstream area of Jeneberang River Watershead, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Slum image detection and localization using transfer learning: a case study ...IJECEIAES
Developing countries are faced with social and economic challenges, including the emergence and proliferation of slums. Slum detection and localization methods typically rely on regular topographic surveys or on visual identification of high-resolution spatial satellite images, as well as socio-environmental surveys from land surveys and general population censuses. Yet, they consume so much time and effort. To overcome these problems, this paper exploits well-known seven pretrained models using transfer learning approaches such as MobileNets, InceptionV3, NASNetMobile, Xception, VGG16, EfficientNet, and ResNet50, consecutively, on a smaller dataset of medium-resolution satellite imagery. The accuracies obtained from these experiments, respectively, demonstrate that the top three pretrained models achieve 98.78%, 97.9%, and 97.56%. Besides, MobileNets have the smallest memory sizes of 9.1 Mo and the shortest latency of 17.01 s, which can be implemented as needed. The results show the good performance of the top three pretrained models to be used for detecting and localizing slum housing in northern Morocco.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Optimization of 3 d geometrical soil model for multiple footing resting on sandeSAT Journals
Abstract The study of ultimate bearing capacity (UBC) for a group of two or more footings had been made by investigators for the effect of interference of footings by various means, which is not considered in the conventional theories of bearing capacity. The Finite Element Method (FEM) initiated with 2D/3D modelling is being used for such complex problem. In the present study 3D geometrical soil models were developed and tested with multiple footing on cohesion-less soil using 3D FEM simulation software. This paper highlights optimized 3D geometrical soil model for multiple footing on sand. The meshing parameters, soil model size observed to be influencing the displacement and stresses to great extent. Keywords: FEM, geometrical soil model, interference, multiple footings.
Land Use/Land Cover Mapping Of Allahabad City by Using Remote Sensing & GIS IJMER
The present study was carried out to produce and evaluate the land use/land cover maps by on
screen visual interpretation. The studies of land cover of Allahabad city (study area) consist of 87517.47 ha
out of which 5500.35 ha is build up land (Urban / Rural) Area. In this respect, the Build up land (Urban /
Rural) area scorers 6.28% of the total area. It has also been found that about 17155.001ha (19.60 %) of
area is covered by current fallow land. The double/triple crop land of 30178.44ha (34.84%). The area
covered by gullied / ravines is 1539.20 ha (1.75 %) and that of the kharif crop land is 2828.00 ha (3.23 %).
The area covered by other wasteland is 2551.05ha (2.91%). Table 4.1 shows the area distribution of the
various land use and land cover of Allahabad city.
The study was carried out using the UAV for analyzing the characteristics of debris in order to present the methodology to estimate the quantitative amount of debris caught in small river facilities. A total of six small rivers that maintained the form of a natural river were selected for collecting UAV images, and the grouping of each target in the image was carried out using the object-based classification method, and based on the object-based classification result of the UAV images, the land cover classification for the status of factors causing the generation of debris for six target sections was carried out by applying the screen digitizing method. In addition, in order to verify the accuracy of the classification result, the error matrix was performed, securing the reliability of the result. The accuracy analysis result showed that for all six target sections, the overall accuracy was 93.95% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.93, showing an excellent result.
Changes in dam break hydrodynamic modelling practice - Suter et alStephen Flood
Abstract: Today, many organisations rely on hydrodynamic modelling to assess the consequences of dam break failure on downstream populations and infrastructure. The availability of finite volume shock-capturing schemes and flexible mesh schematisations in widely used software platforms imply that dam break modelling projects will be carried out differently in the future: Finite volume based platforms allow widespread application of shock-capturing methods and flexible mesh platforms can represent features in the study area more realistically and are more flexible thanks to varying mesh resolutions. Furthermore, the recent adoption of Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) technology in mainstream scientific and engineering computing will also significantly decrease computation times at relatively low cost.
This paper examines the application of finite volume, flexible mesh and GPU technologies to dam break modelling. One-dimensional (1D) modelling results are compared to those from two-dimensional (2D) finite difference and finite volume approaches. The results demonstrate that there are differences between modelling approaches and that the computational speeds of 2D simulations can be significantly reduced by the use of GPU processors.
Remote Sensing and GIS provide a solid geospatial data foundation, which is suitable for addressing questions on choosing the best sites of dams. To accomplish this, there is a need to understand geospatial processes of gathering, organizing and analyzing data using Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS. On the other hand, theoretical and practical backgrounds are needed to understand linkages, relationships and thresholds that allow faster identification of the study area. DEMs are essential for topographic characterization by representing land surface, hydrological boundaries and terrain attributes, such as slope and aspect. In this work it has been studied for the generation of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the resulted DEM is used to generate the Orthoimage and to demark the land use/ land cover features and also for drainage pattern for the catchment area of hydro project.
Prediction of scour depth at bridge abutments in cohesive bed using gene expr...Mohd Danish
The scour modelling in cohesive beds is relatively more complex than that in sandy beds and
thus there is limited number of studies available on local scour at bridge abutments on cohesive
sediment. Recently, a good progress has been made in the development of data-driven techniques
based on artificial intelligence (AI). It has been reported that AI-based inductive modelling
techniques are frequently used to model complex process due to their powerful and non-linear model
structures and their increased capabilities to capture the cause and effect relationship of such
complex processes. Gene Expression Programming (GEP) is one of the AI techniques that have
emerged as a powerful tool in modelling complex phenomenon into simpler chromosomal
architecture. This technique has been proved to be more accurate and much simpler than other AI
tools. In the present study, an attempt has been made to implement GEP for the development of
scour depth prediction model at bridge abutments in cohesive sediments using laboratory data
available in literature. The present study reveals that the performance of GEP is better than nonlinear
regression model for the prediction of scour depth at abutments in cohesive beds.
A Survey on Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Soft Computing Techniquesiosrjce
Landslide is a common phenomenon especially in tectonically fragile and sensitive mountainous
terrain which causes damage to both human lives and environment. The complex geological setting of the areas
in the mountainous region makes the land highly susceptible to landslides. Hence, landslide susceptibility
mapping is an important step towards landslide hazard and risk management. The accurate prediction of the
occurrence of the landslide is difficult and in the recent years various models for landslide susceptibility
mapping has been presented. GIS is a key factor for the modeling of landslide susceptibility maps. This paper
presents the review of ongoing research on various landslide susceptibility mapping techniques in the recent
years.
GIS-3D Analysis of Susceptibility Landslide Disaster in Upstream Area of Jene...AM Publications
The assessment of landslide hazard and risk has become a topic of major interest for both geoscientists and engineering professionals as well as for local communities and administrations in many parts of the world. Recently, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with their excellent spatial data processing capacity, have attracted great attention in natural disaster assessment. In this paper, an assessment of landslide hazard at Upper Area of Jeneberang Watershed has been studied using GIS technology. By simulating the potential landslide according the minimum safety factor value using GIS, it can be expected that great contribution as a basic decision making for many prevention works before future landslide occurs at upstream area of Jeneberang River Watershead, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Slum image detection and localization using transfer learning: a case study ...IJECEIAES
Developing countries are faced with social and economic challenges, including the emergence and proliferation of slums. Slum detection and localization methods typically rely on regular topographic surveys or on visual identification of high-resolution spatial satellite images, as well as socio-environmental surveys from land surveys and general population censuses. Yet, they consume so much time and effort. To overcome these problems, this paper exploits well-known seven pretrained models using transfer learning approaches such as MobileNets, InceptionV3, NASNetMobile, Xception, VGG16, EfficientNet, and ResNet50, consecutively, on a smaller dataset of medium-resolution satellite imagery. The accuracies obtained from these experiments, respectively, demonstrate that the top three pretrained models achieve 98.78%, 97.9%, and 97.56%. Besides, MobileNets have the smallest memory sizes of 9.1 Mo and the shortest latency of 17.01 s, which can be implemented as needed. The results show the good performance of the top three pretrained models to be used for detecting and localizing slum housing in northern Morocco.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Optimization of 3 d geometrical soil model for multiple footing resting on sandeSAT Journals
Abstract The study of ultimate bearing capacity (UBC) for a group of two or more footings had been made by investigators for the effect of interference of footings by various means, which is not considered in the conventional theories of bearing capacity. The Finite Element Method (FEM) initiated with 2D/3D modelling is being used for such complex problem. In the present study 3D geometrical soil models were developed and tested with multiple footing on cohesion-less soil using 3D FEM simulation software. This paper highlights optimized 3D geometrical soil model for multiple footing on sand. The meshing parameters, soil model size observed to be influencing the displacement and stresses to great extent. Keywords: FEM, geometrical soil model, interference, multiple footings.
Land Use/Land Cover Mapping Of Allahabad City by Using Remote Sensing & GIS IJMER
The present study was carried out to produce and evaluate the land use/land cover maps by on
screen visual interpretation. The studies of land cover of Allahabad city (study area) consist of 87517.47 ha
out of which 5500.35 ha is build up land (Urban / Rural) Area. In this respect, the Build up land (Urban /
Rural) area scorers 6.28% of the total area. It has also been found that about 17155.001ha (19.60 %) of
area is covered by current fallow land. The double/triple crop land of 30178.44ha (34.84%). The area
covered by gullied / ravines is 1539.20 ha (1.75 %) and that of the kharif crop land is 2828.00 ha (3.23 %).
The area covered by other wasteland is 2551.05ha (2.91%). Table 4.1 shows the area distribution of the
various land use and land cover of Allahabad city.
The study was carried out using the UAV for analyzing the characteristics of debris in order to present the methodology to estimate the quantitative amount of debris caught in small river facilities. A total of six small rivers that maintained the form of a natural river were selected for collecting UAV images, and the grouping of each target in the image was carried out using the object-based classification method, and based on the object-based classification result of the UAV images, the land cover classification for the status of factors causing the generation of debris for six target sections was carried out by applying the screen digitizing method. In addition, in order to verify the accuracy of the classification result, the error matrix was performed, securing the reliability of the result. The accuracy analysis result showed that for all six target sections, the overall accuracy was 93.95% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.93, showing an excellent result.
Changes in dam break hydrodynamic modelling practice - Suter et alStephen Flood
Abstract: Today, many organisations rely on hydrodynamic modelling to assess the consequences of dam break failure on downstream populations and infrastructure. The availability of finite volume shock-capturing schemes and flexible mesh schematisations in widely used software platforms imply that dam break modelling projects will be carried out differently in the future: Finite volume based platforms allow widespread application of shock-capturing methods and flexible mesh platforms can represent features in the study area more realistically and are more flexible thanks to varying mesh resolutions. Furthermore, the recent adoption of Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) technology in mainstream scientific and engineering computing will also significantly decrease computation times at relatively low cost.
This paper examines the application of finite volume, flexible mesh and GPU technologies to dam break modelling. One-dimensional (1D) modelling results are compared to those from two-dimensional (2D) finite difference and finite volume approaches. The results demonstrate that there are differences between modelling approaches and that the computational speeds of 2D simulations can be significantly reduced by the use of GPU processors.
Remote Sensing and GIS provide a solid geospatial data foundation, which is suitable for addressing questions on choosing the best sites of dams. To accomplish this, there is a need to understand geospatial processes of gathering, organizing and analyzing data using Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS. On the other hand, theoretical and practical backgrounds are needed to understand linkages, relationships and thresholds that allow faster identification of the study area. DEMs are essential for topographic characterization by representing land surface, hydrological boundaries and terrain attributes, such as slope and aspect. In this work it has been studied for the generation of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the resulted DEM is used to generate the Orthoimage and to demark the land use/ land cover features and also for drainage pattern for the catchment area of hydro project.
Similar to Distorted Path Analysis of Different Layered Soil Pressurized Under Uniform Displacement Rate: A Laboratory-based Study (20)
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.