This document discusses mosquito-borne diseases and their vectors in India. It provides information on the different genera and species of mosquitoes found worldwide and in India. It identifies the main disease vectors, including several Anopheles species that transmit malaria, and Aedes aegypti which transmits dengue and chikungunya. Control methods covered include insecticides for adult mosquito and larval control, as well as biological and physical approaches. Formulas for calculating bed net surface area and guidelines for proper impregnation of nets with insecticides are also summarized.

1. DISEASE VECTORS
AND VECTOR BIONOMICS
DR.S.M.JOSHI
MEDICAL OFFICER&FACULTY MEMBER
H.F.W.T.C.THANE

2. MOSQUITO FAUNA
GENUS WORLD INDIA
ANOPHELES 465 53
AEDES 888 111
CULEX 715 57
MANSONIA 23 4
TOTAL >2091 225

3. DISEASE VECTOR
 MALARIA-
 An.culicifacies,An.fluvitalis,
 An.minimus,An.sundaicus,
 An.stephensi,An.phillipinesis,
 An.varuna,,An,dirus,An.Annularis
 DENGUE&CHIKUNGUNYA:-
 Aedes Aegypti

4. DISEASE VECTOR
 FILARIASIS:-
 Cx.quiquefasciatus,Ma.annulifera
 JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS:-
 Cx.Visnui,Cx,triataenorhynchus
 NUISANCE MOSQUITOES:-
 Cx.quinquefascieatus,Ae.Aegypti,
 Armigeres

5. VECTOR of Malaria in INDIA
 PNEUMONICS
 C-An.Culicifacies M-An.Minimus
 S-An.Stephensi P-An.Philipinesis
 A-An.Annularis S-An.Sundaicus
 F-An.Fluvitalis V-An.Varuna
 D-An.Dirus
CM’S PA Suffer from Viral diseases

6. BIONOMICS OF MALARIA VECTOR
SPECIES IN MAHARASTRA
NAME RESTING BREEDING BITING FEEDING
OF
SPECIES
An. Indoor, cattle shade, Rain water pools, After Mainly
culicifacies human dwellings irrigation dusk zoophillic
,cool places with low channels,sliggish 10.30P.M
disturbances streams, barrow pits, .to
rice fields. 12.30AM
An. Mainly human Clear water
fluvitalis habits, in hills found, irrigation channels, 9PM to Anthropophil
resting outdoors, in grassy margins of 11PM lic
irrigated tracks. slow moving streams
of seepages.
An. Human dwelling,& In urban areas wells
stephensi cattle shades, out ,cisterns,fountains,orna 4AM to On human or
door on well walls mental tanks, artificial 6AM cattle
containers, overhead depending on
tanks availability.

7. VECTOR Species of Malaria in
MAHARASTRA
VECTOR SPECIES DISTRICT
In all district of Maharashtra State
An.culicifacies mainly in rural areas .
An.Fluvitalis+ 1)Nagpur 7)Dhule
2)Nanded 8)Bhandara
An.culicifacies 3)Thane 9)Solapur
4)Pune 10)Akola
5)Beed 11)Ahmednagar
6)Osmanabad 12)Gadchiroli
13)Aurangabad
An.Stephensi+ Urban and Semi urban areas in
An.culicifacies Maharashtra State

8. MOSQUITO CONTROL
MEASURES
CHEMICAL METHODS
 ADULTICIDE
 LARVICIDE

9. Adulticide ( Insecticide) formulation
and their dosage
S Name of Preparatio Dosa Residua No.of Requireme Area to be
r. Insecticide n of ge l spray nt /jakh covered
N suspention /sq. effectin round population by 10litres
o. in water M week s (inMT) to get
/annu correct
/ro For
m dosage(Sq
und 2rou .M.)
nds
1 DDT50%wdp 1kg/10litres 1gm 10-12 2 75 150 500
2 Malathion25%wdp 2kg/10litres 2gm 6-8 3 300 900 250
3 Deltamethrin2.5% 400gm/10litr 20mg 10-12 2 3 6 500
wp e
4 Alphacypermethri 250gm/10litr 25mg 10-12 2 1.87 3.75 500
n5%wp es 5
5 Cyfluthrin10%wp 125gm/10litr 25mg 10-12 2 0.93 1.875 500
e 8
6 Lambdacythalothr 125gm/10litr 25mg 10-12 2 0.93 1.875 500
in10%wp e 8
1MT= 1000KGM

10. Insecticide formulation and their dosage
For space spraying /fogging
N Name of Commerci Preparation Equipment Remarks
o Insecticid al of used
e formulatio formulation
n
1 Pyrethrum 2.0% 1:19 i.e.part of Piit pump or hand
Extract Extract 2% operated Used for indoor
PyrethrumExtrac fogging(micro spray
t in19 parts of discharge)machine sufficient to
Kerosine/diesel spray for 400
(w/v) households.100
cu.meter indoor
space/household
2 Malathion Technical 5 .part of Vehicle mounted Outdoor
Malathion Technical thermal fogging thermalfogging
Malathion in95 machine .speed of watchfor wind
parts of diesel oil vehicle6km/hour conditions before
(v/v) orasrecommended fogging
by machine
manufactures

11. Larviicide formulation and their
dosage
Sr. No. Name Commerc
Sr Name of Comme Prepara
Preparation Dosage For Freque
. of
larvicide rcial
ial tion of rto
of ready ncy of
larvicid formulati
formula ready
spray applicat
N e ontion rto
formulation 1Sq.m 50 1 Hecter ion
spray ete linear (diluted)
o. meter
formula
s
tion
1 MLO 100%petroli As it is 20cc 1liter 200 liters Weekly
um product
2 Temephos 50%ec 2.5cc in 10liters of 20cc 1 liter 200 liters weekly
potable water
(surfacetreatment)
3 B.Thuringiensi powder 250gms in 10liters 20cc 1 liter 200 liters Two
s ofpotable water weekly
(Bti) (2.5%susp).
4 B.Thuringiensi Liquid 100mlin 10liters 20cc 1 liter 200 liters Weekly
s ofpotable water
(Bti)

12. Mosquito Control Measures
 Biolodical Method:-Use of Fish
 Guppy/ Gambusia / Bti /B- Sphericus etc.
 Source Reduction:-
 Elimination of reduction of breeding sites.
Filling up burrow pits,ditches,unused irrigation
cannals,wells,deweeding,chanalization etc.
 Personal Protection:-
 Use of Repellant
 Use of mosquito net.
 Application of Nylon mesh to doors and
windows.

13. Formula for measurement
of surface area of Bed net
 Surface Area =2 ( a + b ) +c
 where
 a=length x height
 b=height x width
 c=length x Width

14. THANK
 YOU
FOR
LISTENING

15. Methods of Impregnation
 Prepare solution in optimum quality of water with
required quantity of insecticides.
 Soak bed net in solution thoroughly.
 Do not hang it, dry it by spreading on a rubber
sheet in a shed.
 Residual Efficacy:-6 months if not washed
 Precautions:-Avoid contamination of
skin,eyes,mouth with insecticide formulation.
 If contaminated ,wash with soap and water.

16. Impregnation of Bed nets
Quality of Bed nets
 Bednet hole size:-
 Not bigger than 1.2 to 1.5 mm. diameter
.i.e.6 to 8 holes to 10mm linear length.
 Dosage:-
 25 mg Deltamethrin/sq.mt.
 or
 50mg Cyfluthrin/sq.mt.