Discourse style
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Discourse style refers to how language is used depending on the context, including the subject matter, audience, occasion, and purpose of communication. There are different styles such as public speaking which is carefully planned with exaggerated intonation and rhetorical devices. Another style is addressing an audience where words are chosen carefully in a formal dialogue. More casual styles include conversations between friends, family or colleagues where social barriers are lower and words are less guarded, or intimate conversations where one reveals their inner self.
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1) Regional dialects arise from variations in language associated with different places, and are an easy way to observe language variety.
2) Over time and distance, dialects can diverge and become unintelligible to one another, as seen with the evolution of Latin into the distinct languages of French, Spanish, and Italian.
3) Dialect atlases aim to map the geographical boundaries of linguistic features using lines called isoglosses, showing where different pronunciations, words, or syntactic features are used on either side.
4) Bundles of intersecting isoglosses often delineate clear dialect boundaries between regions.
Interactional sociolinguistics
The slides contain a short account of the relationship between discourse analysis and interactional sociolinguistics linguistics. They also provide a short account of different approaches to politeness. The influence of Gumperz and Goffman on politeness and facework is highlighted.
Discourse
This document provides information about discourse analysis. It defines discourse as language beyond the sentence level and discusses key concepts like cohesion, coherence, intentionality and context. It also outlines different types of discourse such as narrative, descriptive, argumentative. The document compares written and spoken discourse and highlights differences in areas like grammatical complexity, repetition and fillers. Context is emphasized as important for interpreting discourse.
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This document discusses factors that affect communication such as context, speech style, speech acts, and strategies. It provides examples of different speech styles (intimate, frozen, consultative, casual, formal) and how they depend on the relationship between speakers and context of the conversation. The document also discusses how language form, duration of interaction, role of the speaker, message, and delivery can all be impacted by shifts in context, style, speech acts used, and strategies employed during a communication exchange. Maintaining connection through balancing these factors is key to successful communication.
Presentation1.pptx
The document discusses different speech styles that are used in various communication situations. It identifies five speech styles according to linguist Martin Joos: intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen. Each style has defining characteristics and is meant to be used appropriately depending on factors like the audience, topic, purpose, and location of the communication. The document provides details on each speech style and examples to illustrate their uses.
Speech styles ppt.
The document discusses different speech styles or levels of language that depend on the communication context, including the people involved, location, and type of occasion. It identifies five main speech styles: intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen. The intimate style is between close relationships and does not focus on grammar. The casual style is informal and uses slang. The consultative style is standard language between professionals. The formal style requires advance planning and is very structured. The frozen style uses traditional, unchanging language for ceremonies. Choosing the right speech style is important for effectively delivering and conveying messages depending on the situation.
Question 2.3
The document discusses the different aspects of communicative competence, including grammatical competence, discourse competence, sociolinguistic competence, and strategic competence. It then discusses seven different language functions: instrumental, regulatory, representational, interactional, personal, heuristic, and imaginative. Finally, it discusses various topics related to developing communicative competence such as functional syllabuses, discourse analysis, pragmatics, language and gender, styles and registers, and nonverbal communication.
TYPES OF SPEECH AND SPEECH STYLE.pptx
This document discusses different types of speech contexts and speech styles. It explains that speech context refers to the social situation and relationships involved in communication. There are five main speech styles - intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen - which vary based on the degree of formality and social distance between speakers. The style used depends on factors like the audience size, topic, and purpose of communication (whether to inform, persuade, or entertain). Proper understanding of speech context and style is important for effective conversation.
Oral language assessment
it contends the elements of oral evaluation, the ability of oral evaluation can assessment with this process. The different aspects of oral language can improve when the teacher or students notice the errors by oral assessment.
Oral language assessment
This document provides guidance on assessing oral language skills. It recommends planning rubrics and involving students in self and peer assessment. Activities should provide a representative sample of the oral language tasks expected and elicit valid performance that can be reliably scored. Listening and speaking should be taught and assessed together in context. Oral language assessment includes tasks using familiar language and visual cues for beginners, and note-taking with fewer cues for advanced learners. The goals are to prepare English learners to listen and participate like native speakers in their grade-level classrooms.
communicative styles.pdf
This document discusses different communicative styles. It identifies seven main styles: formal, casual, consultative, aggressive, passive, frozen, and intimate. Each style is defined, with examples of when and how each is used. Formal style is used for professional communication that follows established rules. Casual style is used for personal conversations with friends and family. Consultative style is used for group discussions and involves spontaneous conversation. Aggressive style expresses hostility, while passive style avoids expressing needs. Frozen and intimate styles are the most formal and informal respectively. Good communication skills involve selecting the appropriate style for different contexts and situations.
Communicative Styles
This Powerpoint Presentation shows the different Communicative Styles that we can use in our daily lives, talking to our friends or families.
1ST PURPOSIVE COMM 2nd prelim.pptx
The document discusses communication styles in multicultural contexts, noting that an individual's communication style depends on their cultural and social context. It introduces four main communication styles - direct, spirited, systematic, and considerate - categorized by their levels of assertiveness and expressiveness. Tips are provided for adapting one's communication based on their natural style when interacting with those from different cultures.
What-Are-Speech-Styles.pdf
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Dyadic communication
Dyadic communication refers to an interaction between two individuals. It provides ideal conditions for close-range feedback as the interactions are person-to-person. Fidelity is high as reactions are mutually observable. Common forms of dyadic communication include face-to-face conversations, telephone conversations, interviews, and instruction. Face-to-face conversation is the most common, linking people socially and professionally through informal exchanges of views and ideas, with participants alternating between speaking and listening roles. Effective face-to-face conversations require analyzing one's habits, maintaining interest, flexibility in topics, and courtesy.
Question 2.3
This document discusses different aspects of communicative competence. It defines grammatical competence as knowledge of rules of morphology, syntax, and semantics. Discourse competence is the ability to connect sentences into coherent discourse. Sociolinguistic competence requires understanding of social context for language use. Strategic competence refers to strategies for compensating for communication breakdowns. It also outlines different language functions, such as instrumental, regulatory, representational, and others. Functional syllabuses focus on tasks like introductions or asking for information. Discourse analysis examines the relationship between language forms and functions. Pragmatics considers the effect of context on language. Nonverbal communication conveys important cultural messages through kinesics, proxemics, artifacts, touch
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Discourse style
- 2. What is discourse style? the way we use language in different styles depending on the context of a communicative act in terms of subject matter, audience, occasion, shared experience, and purpose of communication.
- 4.  It’s used in public speaking, wording is carefully planned in advance, in intonation is some exaggerated, and numerous rhetorical devices are appropriate.
- 5.  It’s used in addressing audience, usually audiences too large to permit effective in interchange between speaker and hearers.
- 6.  It’s a formal dialog from that words are chosen with somecare.
- 7. ï‚— They are between friends or colleagues or member of family. The words not be guarded and social barriers are moderately low.
- 8.  It’s one characterized by complete absence of social inhibitions. Talk with family, loved ones, and very close friends, where the inner self is revealed, is usually in an intimate style.