Martin Joos identified 5 styles of communication based on formality: intimate style is the most casual and used between close friends and family, casual style is used in informal conversations between friends and acquaintances, formal style uses prepared speeches without slang, consultative style uses shorter spontaneous sentences for discussions, and frozen style is the most formal such as for ceremonies and pledges.

2. What is
Communication?

3. According to Wikipedia,
Communication is the act of
conveying meanings from one
entity or group to another
through the use of mutually
understood signs, symbols,
and semiotic rules.

4. According to Martin
Joos, speech style here means the
form of language that the speaker
uses which characterized by the
degree of formality. He identified
the styles in five classes . What
are those?

5. types of
Communicative
Styles

6. Intimate Style
Intimate language style is the most
casual style in communication. It is
usually used between family members,
close friends, couple, and all of relation
that show intimacy.

7. • Couple talking about their future plans
• family sharing ideas
• very close friends sharing secrets

8. Casual Style
This is an informal communication between
groups and peers. Casual style is used in
conversation between friends and insiders who
have something to share and have shared
background information but don't have close
relations.

9. • phone calls
• everyday conversation with friends
• chats

10. Formal Style
Formal speeches are straightforward speeches.
In this speech style, the speaker avoids using
slang terminologies, what the speaker says is
something that has been prepared beforehand,
its complex sentence and noun phrases are well
structured, logically sequenced and strongly
coherent.

11. • Announcements
• SONA
• welcome addresses

12. Consultative Style
This is used in semi-formal
communication, sentences end to be
shorter and spontaneous, the speaker does
not usually plan what he/she wants to say,
most operational among others.

13. • regular classroom discussions
• doctor-patient

14. Frozen Style
It is the most formal communicative style that
is usually used during respectful events and
ceremonies. It also used when one shows
hesitation, disinterest or prejudice.
Frozen speech is used generally in a very
formal setting, does not require any feedback
from the audience, most formal
communicative style for respectful situations.

15. • Pledges
• anthems
• marriage ceremonies
• laws

16. References:
• https://elcomblus.com/speech-styles-definition-
types-and-examples/
• https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/160258448.pdf