This document discusses disaster management and defines disasters as occurrences, either natural or man-made, that cause human suffering and needs that cannot be alleviated without assistance. It outlines different types of disasters including natural, environmental, complex emergencies, and pandemics. Disaster management aims to reduce vulnerability through planning, preparation, response, relief and recovery. The National Disaster Management Act of 2005 establishes authorities at the national, state and district levels to manage disasters according to objectives of prevention, mitigation and response.

1. DISASTER
MANAGEMENT

2. WHAT IS A DISASTER?
▸“ A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause
damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life,
deterioration of health and health services on a scale,
sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside
the affected community to area”. (W.H.O.)
▸“ A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature
or manmade that causes human suffering and creates
human needs that victims cannot alleviate without
assistance”. American Red Cross (ARC)

3. TYPES OF DISASTERS
▸Natural disasters: Includes floods, hurricanes, earthquakes and
volcano eruptions that have immediate impacts on human
health and secondary impacts causing further death and
suffering from (for example) floods, landslides, fires, tsunamis.
▸Environmental emergencies: Includes technological or industrial
accidents, usually involving the production, use or transportation
of hazardous material, and occur where these materials are
produced, used or transported, and forest fires caused by
humans.

4. CONTD.
▸Complex emergencies: involving a break-down of authority,
looting and attacks on strategic installations, including
conflict situations and war.
▸Pandemic emergencies: involving a sudden onset of
contagious disease that affects health, disrupts services and
businesses, brings economic and social costs.

5. DISASTER MANAGEMENT
▸Disaster management (or emergency management) is the
creation of plans through which communities reduce
vulnerability to hazards and cope with disasters. Disaster
management does not avert or eliminate the threats; instead,
it focuses on creating plans to decrease the effect of
disasters.
▸Failure to create a plan could lead to human mortality, lost
revenue, and damage to assets.

6. D
I
S
A
S
T
E
R
DISASTER
PREVENTION
PREPARING FOR
DISASTER
RESPONDING
FOR DISASTER
DISASTER
RELIEF
DISASTER RECOVERY
DISASTER MANAGEMENT

7. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT
ACT, 2005.
▸Disaster- “It means catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave
occurrence in any area, arising from nature or man made
causes, or by accident or by negligence, which result in
substantial loss of life, human suffering or damage and
destruction to property or damage to or destruction of
environment, and is of such nature or magnitude as to be
beyond the capacity of the community of the affected area”

8. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT
OBJECTIVES OF THE ACT
▸Prevention of danger
▸ Reduction of risk
▸Capacity building
▸Preparedness
▸Prompt response to any threat
▸Assessment
▸Rescue and relief
▸Reconstruction

9. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT
TYPES OF AUTHORITIES
National Disaster Management Authority
State Disaster Management Authority
District Authority

10. National State District
Members 9 8
District Collector
or Magistrate
Chairperon Prime Minister Chief Minister
District Collector
or Magistrate
Vice
Chairperson
Among the
members
Among the
members
District Collector
or Magistrate
Executive
National
Secretary
Secretary of
State
District Collector
or Magistrate

11. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT
FUNDS
▸National Disaster Response Fund
-Emergency response, Relief and Restoration
▸National Disaster Management Fund
-Projects of Mitigation

12. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT
UNION GOVERNMENT
▸Cabinet Committee
-Financial support
-National Calamity Contingency Fund
▸Central Relief Fund
-Biological and Chemical Emergencies
▸National Crisis Management Committee
-Headed by cabinet secretary

13. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT
ALLOCATION
Ministry of Agriculture Drought
Ministry of Civil Aviation Air Accidents
Ministry of Railways Railway Accidents
Ministry of Environment Chemical Disaster
Ministry of Health Biological Disaster
Dept. of Automic Energy Nuclear Accidents

14. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT
STATE GOVERNMENT
▸Primary responsibility
▸Cabinet committee for natural calamities
▸Crisis Management Committee
▸Relief Commissioner

15. NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACT
DISTRICT LEVEL
▸Overall responsibility
▸Coordination between various departments
▸Power to request armed forces

16. NATIONAL POLICY ON DISASTER
MANAGEMENT, 2009.
▸Policies on management of disaster.
▸Aims at minimising the loss and building safe and disaster resilient
place.
▸Encourages mitigation through knowledge, innovation and
education.
▸Institutional and financial arrangement.
▸State disaster management policies.
▸Manuals and code.

17. WHAT CAN BE DONE?
▸Division of Crisis Management.
▸Legal framework
▸Disaster warning system
▸Emergency operation centres
▸Inclusion in Concurrent list
▸Broadened Act
▸Separate department should be formed