In this presentation of mine, a basic Design approach of VLSI has been explained. The ppt explains the market level of VLSI and also the fabrication process and also its various applications. An integration of various switches, gates, etc on Ic's has also been showcased in the same.
A VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) system integrates millions of “electronic components” in a small area (few mm2 few cm2).
design “efficient” VLSI systems that has:
Circuit Speed ( high )
Power consumption ( low )
Design Area ( low )
This document discusses various designs for digital multipliers. It begins by reviewing the basic building blocks used in digital circuits and how binary multiplication works by adding partial products. It then describes approaches for implementing multiplication, including right shift and add serial multipliers and faster parallel array and tree multipliers. Booth encoding is introduced as a technique to reduce the number of stages in a multiplier. Implementation details are provided for array and Wallace tree multipliers, including the use of compression cells like the (4,2) counter. Optimization goals for multipliers differ from adders in emphasizing reducing the critical path.
This document outlines the typical design flow for VLSI chips, including: 1) design specification, 2) design entry using schematics or HDL, 3) functional simulation to verify logic, 4) planning placement and routing of components, 5) timing simulation accounting for delays, and 6) fabrication of the final chip design either using full custom or semi-custom methods. The goal is to design and test a chip that meets the specified requirements before manufacturing.
The document summarizes key properties of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). It describes linearity, periodicity, time/frequency shifts, conjugation, multiplication, convolution, correlation, and Parseval's theorem. Linearity means the DFT of a linear combination of signals is the linear combination of the DFTs. Periodicity means an N-point DFT is periodic with N samples. Shifts change the time or frequency domain representation. Multiplication in the time domain is convolution in the frequency domain. Correlation relates the time and frequency domain representations. Parseval's theorem relates the energy in the time and frequency domains.
FPGAs can be programmed after manufacturing to implement custom logic functions. They contain programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can be configured to create custom circuits. FPGAs provide flexibility compared to ASICs but have higher per-unit costs. The FPGA architecture consists of configurable logic blocks, programmable interconnects, and I/O blocks. Configurable logic blocks contain LUTs that implement logic functions. Programmable interconnects connect the logic blocks, and I/O blocks interface with external components. FPGAs are commonly used for prototyping, emulation, parallel computing, and other applications that require customizable hardware.
The document discusses layout design rules that specify minimum feature sizes and separations between layers for a chip manufacturing process. Design rules are described using either micron or lambda units. Lambda rules specify widths of diffusion and polysilicon layers as well as minimum separations between layers. There are also design rules for metal layers and forming transistors. The document describes three approaches for contact cuts between polysilicon and diffusion layers: using polysilicon to metal to diffusion, buried contacts, and butting contacts using metal.
This document provides an overview of VLSI design for a course. It discusses topics including CMOS transistors and logic gates, VLSI levels of abstraction, the VLSI design process, design styles like full custom and ASIC, and trends like Moore's Law. The roadmap outlines topics to be covered like CMOS processing, combinational and sequential circuit design, and a design project to complete a chip. Course objectives are listed relating to VLSI analysis, layout design, and system design skills.
In this presentation of mine, a basic Design approach of VLSI has been explained. The ppt explains the market level of VLSI and also the fabrication process and also its various applications. An integration of various switches, gates, etc on Ic's has also been showcased in the same.
A VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) system integrates millions of “electronic components” in a small area (few mm2 few cm2).
design “efficient” VLSI systems that has:
Circuit Speed ( high )
Power consumption ( low )
Design Area ( low )
This document discusses various designs for digital multipliers. It begins by reviewing the basic building blocks used in digital circuits and how binary multiplication works by adding partial products. It then describes approaches for implementing multiplication, including right shift and add serial multipliers and faster parallel array and tree multipliers. Booth encoding is introduced as a technique to reduce the number of stages in a multiplier. Implementation details are provided for array and Wallace tree multipliers, including the use of compression cells like the (4,2) counter. Optimization goals for multipliers differ from adders in emphasizing reducing the critical path.
This document outlines the typical design flow for VLSI chips, including: 1) design specification, 2) design entry using schematics or HDL, 3) functional simulation to verify logic, 4) planning placement and routing of components, 5) timing simulation accounting for delays, and 6) fabrication of the final chip design either using full custom or semi-custom methods. The goal is to design and test a chip that meets the specified requirements before manufacturing.
The document summarizes key properties of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). It describes linearity, periodicity, time/frequency shifts, conjugation, multiplication, convolution, correlation, and Parseval's theorem. Linearity means the DFT of a linear combination of signals is the linear combination of the DFTs. Periodicity means an N-point DFT is periodic with N samples. Shifts change the time or frequency domain representation. Multiplication in the time domain is convolution in the frequency domain. Correlation relates the time and frequency domain representations. Parseval's theorem relates the energy in the time and frequency domains.
FPGAs can be programmed after manufacturing to implement custom logic functions. They contain programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can be configured to create custom circuits. FPGAs provide flexibility compared to ASICs but have higher per-unit costs. The FPGA architecture consists of configurable logic blocks, programmable interconnects, and I/O blocks. Configurable logic blocks contain LUTs that implement logic functions. Programmable interconnects connect the logic blocks, and I/O blocks interface with external components. FPGAs are commonly used for prototyping, emulation, parallel computing, and other applications that require customizable hardware.
The document discusses layout design rules that specify minimum feature sizes and separations between layers for a chip manufacturing process. Design rules are described using either micron or lambda units. Lambda rules specify widths of diffusion and polysilicon layers as well as minimum separations between layers. There are also design rules for metal layers and forming transistors. The document describes three approaches for contact cuts between polysilicon and diffusion layers: using polysilicon to metal to diffusion, buried contacts, and butting contacts using metal.
This document provides an overview of VLSI design for a course. It discusses topics including CMOS transistors and logic gates, VLSI levels of abstraction, the VLSI design process, design styles like full custom and ASIC, and trends like Moore's Law. The roadmap outlines topics to be covered like CMOS processing, combinational and sequential circuit design, and a design project to complete a chip. Course objectives are listed relating to VLSI analysis, layout design, and system design skills.
VLSI stands for Very Large Scale integration is the art of integrating millions of transistors on a Silicon Chip. Researchers are working to incorporate large scale integration of electronic devices on a single silica chip “Integrated Circuit or IC” to fulfill the market demand. Here, in this presentation we will learn introduction and history of VLSI, VLSI Design Style and Flow, VLSI Design Approaches, CPLD, FPGA, Programmable Logic Arrays, Xilinx vs. Altera Design tools, flow and files.
This document provides a summary of Kumar Chandan and Mayank Kumar's summer internship report on RTL design, Verilog, and FPGA programming at Tevatron Technology in Noida, India. It includes an acknowledgements section thanking their mentor and institution for supporting the project. The abstract indicates that the main objective was to study digital circuit behavior and design using Xilinx software. An introduction is provided on topics like VLSI, HDLs, Verilog, modeling styles in Verilog, and system tasks.
This document discusses the architectures and applications of CPLDs and FPGAs. It begins by classifying programmable logic devices and describing simple programmable logic devices like PLDs, PALs, and GALs. It then discusses more complex programmable logic devices like CPLDs, describing their architecture which consists of logic blocks, I/O blocks, and a global interconnect. Finally, it covers field programmable gate arrays including their architecture of configurable logic blocks, I/O blocks, and a programmable interconnect, as well as describing Xilinx's logic cell array architecture for FPGAs.
Cadbridge Semiconductor is an emerging electronics company with offices in Greater Noida and Jalander that works on projects involving memories, PCB design, digital security locks, robots, image processing, and microcontrollers. The company's vision is to hire and develop the best talent worldwide in a multicultural environment. The VLSI design flow presented includes idea conception, specification, design architecture, RTL coding, RTL verification, synthesis, sending to a foundry, and producing an IC chip. Application areas of VLSI discussed were microprocessors, memories, and mobile devices.
Verilog full adder in dataflow & gate level modelling style.Omkar Rane
This document describes two different models for a full adder circuit - a dataflow model and a gate level model. The dataflow model uses assign statements to directly define the sum (s) and carry out (cout) outputs in terms of the inputs (a, b, cin). The gate level model builds the full adder using lower level logic gates like xor, and, or connected via internal wires to compute the sum and carry outputs.
UNIT I- CPLD & FPGA ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONSDr.YNM
Dr. Y.Narasimha Murthy Ph.D introduces programmable logic devices and their evolution from PLDs to CPLDs and FPGAs. The document discusses the basic architecture and applications of ROM, RAM, PLDs including PLA, PAL and GAL. It provides details on the programmable AND and OR planes in a PLA and compares device types based on their AND and OR array programmability. SPLDs, CPLDs and FPGAs are the main types of PLDs discussed.
Analog Electronics interview and viva questions.pdfEngineering Funda
1. The document contains 50 questions and answers related to analog electronics viva questions covering topics like operational amplifiers, integrated circuits, sample and hold circuits, and more.
2. It provides definitions and explanations of key terms like input offset voltage, common mode rejection ratio, slew rate, and open and closed loop configurations of op-amps.
3. The questions are asked by Engineering Funda YouTube channel professor Hitesh Dholakiya and cover concepts tested in analog electronics viva exams.
Presentation on Industrial training in VLSI NIT Raipur
The document discusses VLSI design and provides details about:
1. An introduction to VLSI including the definition and benefits of VLSI integration.
2. The VLSI design hierarchy including algorithm design, design entry, and fundamental simulation.
3. Software used in VLSI design such as Dsch3, Microwind, Xilinx, and Altera Quartus.
4. Hardware used including FPGAs like Spartan-3E and Cyclone-II, and field programmable analog arrays.
5. Applications of VLSI and job opportunities in the field.
This document discusses small-signal modeling of MOSFETs. It introduces small-signal modeling as a way to linearize circuits by considering only small amplitude signals. It then presents the low-frequency small-signal model of a MOSFET, including terms like transconductance and output conductance. Finally, it discusses the high-frequency model, noting the need to account for parasitic capacitances between terminals at high frequencies. Diagrams of the complete low-frequency and high-frequency small-signal MOSFET models are provided.
This document discusses non-ideal transistor behavior in CMOS VLSI design. It covers several effects that cause transistors to deviate from ideal behavior, including mobility degradation at high fields, velocity saturation, channel length modulation, threshold voltage variations from the body effect, drain-induced barrier lowering, and short channel effect. It also discusses various sources of leakage current such as subthreshold leakage, gate leakage, and junction leakage. Finally, it covers process and environmental variations and how different "corners" or combinations of variations are used to test circuit performance in non-ideal conditions.
This course gives knowledge about the design, analysis, simulation of circuits used as building blocks in Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) devices. Students can apply the concepts learnt in the lectures towards design of actual VLSI subsystem all the way from specification, modeling, synthesis and physical design. This lab provides hands-on experience on implementation of digital circuit designs using HDL language, which are required for development of various projects and research work.
After completion of the course, the users will be able to, Describe Verilog hardware description languages (HDL), Design Digital Circuits in Verilog HDL, Write behavioral models of digital circuits, Write Register Transfer Level (RTL) models of digital circuits, Verify behavioral and RTL models, Describe standard cell libraries and FPGAs, Synthesize RTL models to standard cell libraries and FPGAs, Implement RTL models on FPGAs and Testing & Verification.
This document provides an introduction to electronic design automation (EDA) tools and discusses different types of programmable logic devices including field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). It describes the basic architecture of FPGAs including logic blocks, interconnects, and input/output blocks. The advantages of FPGAs such as shorter development time and flexibility are also summarized.
This presentation discusses the basics of Pass Transistor Logic, its advantages, limitation and finally implementation of Boolean functions/Combinational Logic circuits using Pass Transistor Logic.
The VLSI design flow consists of three domains - behavioral, structural, and physical - and multiple levels from system to circuit level. The front-end design includes logic synthesis to generate a netlist from HDL code through technology mapping and optimization. Back-end physical design involves floorplanning, placement of cells, routing of interconnects, and simulation to verify functionality and timing.
I have prepared it to create an understanding of delay modeling in VLSI.
Regards,
Vishal Sharma
Doctoral Research Scholar,
IIT Indore
vishalfzd@gmail.com
The document presents on the topic of VLSI technology. It is introduced by Mst. Abida Sultana. VLSI allows thousands of transistors to be integrated into a single microchip, as seen in microprocessors. It provides advantages like compactness, reliability, and lower power consumption by effectively using space. Previously, VLSI had high costs but prices have reduced. It finds applications in computers, communication networks, digital signal processing, automobiles, and medicine.
This document provides an overview of VLSI technology and VLSI design methodologies. It discusses the following key points:
1. VLSI design methodology involves multiple stages from system specification and architecture design to fabrication and packaging.
2. Top-down design methodologies involve describing the system at different levels of abstraction from system level to transistor level.
3. CMOS fabrication is described which involves various processes like oxidation, diffusion, deposition, etching to manufacture chips.
4. Challenges in VLSI technology include shrinking geometries, lower power voltages and higher frequencies which impact reliability. Understanding technology trends is important for efficient chip design.
Design of-steel-structures bhavakkati- by easy engineering.netsaibabu48
The document contains repeated text blocks noting that content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net. It requests that other websites or blogs do not copy or republish the materials and to report any instances of finding the same materials with the EasyEngineering watermark. The document provides attribution to EasyEngineering.net as the source but does not contain any other substantive content.
Design of-steel-structures bhavakkati- by easy engineering.netSelva Prakash
The document repeatedly states that content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net and warns others not to copy or republish the content without permission. It provides attribution to www.EasyEngineering.net over 100 times.
VLSI stands for Very Large Scale integration is the art of integrating millions of transistors on a Silicon Chip. Researchers are working to incorporate large scale integration of electronic devices on a single silica chip “Integrated Circuit or IC” to fulfill the market demand. Here, in this presentation we will learn introduction and history of VLSI, VLSI Design Style and Flow, VLSI Design Approaches, CPLD, FPGA, Programmable Logic Arrays, Xilinx vs. Altera Design tools, flow and files.
This document provides a summary of Kumar Chandan and Mayank Kumar's summer internship report on RTL design, Verilog, and FPGA programming at Tevatron Technology in Noida, India. It includes an acknowledgements section thanking their mentor and institution for supporting the project. The abstract indicates that the main objective was to study digital circuit behavior and design using Xilinx software. An introduction is provided on topics like VLSI, HDLs, Verilog, modeling styles in Verilog, and system tasks.
This document discusses the architectures and applications of CPLDs and FPGAs. It begins by classifying programmable logic devices and describing simple programmable logic devices like PLDs, PALs, and GALs. It then discusses more complex programmable logic devices like CPLDs, describing their architecture which consists of logic blocks, I/O blocks, and a global interconnect. Finally, it covers field programmable gate arrays including their architecture of configurable logic blocks, I/O blocks, and a programmable interconnect, as well as describing Xilinx's logic cell array architecture for FPGAs.
Cadbridge Semiconductor is an emerging electronics company with offices in Greater Noida and Jalander that works on projects involving memories, PCB design, digital security locks, robots, image processing, and microcontrollers. The company's vision is to hire and develop the best talent worldwide in a multicultural environment. The VLSI design flow presented includes idea conception, specification, design architecture, RTL coding, RTL verification, synthesis, sending to a foundry, and producing an IC chip. Application areas of VLSI discussed were microprocessors, memories, and mobile devices.
Verilog full adder in dataflow & gate level modelling style.Omkar Rane
This document describes two different models for a full adder circuit - a dataflow model and a gate level model. The dataflow model uses assign statements to directly define the sum (s) and carry out (cout) outputs in terms of the inputs (a, b, cin). The gate level model builds the full adder using lower level logic gates like xor, and, or connected via internal wires to compute the sum and carry outputs.
UNIT I- CPLD & FPGA ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONSDr.YNM
Dr. Y.Narasimha Murthy Ph.D introduces programmable logic devices and their evolution from PLDs to CPLDs and FPGAs. The document discusses the basic architecture and applications of ROM, RAM, PLDs including PLA, PAL and GAL. It provides details on the programmable AND and OR planes in a PLA and compares device types based on their AND and OR array programmability. SPLDs, CPLDs and FPGAs are the main types of PLDs discussed.
Analog Electronics interview and viva questions.pdfEngineering Funda
1. The document contains 50 questions and answers related to analog electronics viva questions covering topics like operational amplifiers, integrated circuits, sample and hold circuits, and more.
2. It provides definitions and explanations of key terms like input offset voltage, common mode rejection ratio, slew rate, and open and closed loop configurations of op-amps.
3. The questions are asked by Engineering Funda YouTube channel professor Hitesh Dholakiya and cover concepts tested in analog electronics viva exams.
Presentation on Industrial training in VLSI NIT Raipur
The document discusses VLSI design and provides details about:
1. An introduction to VLSI including the definition and benefits of VLSI integration.
2. The VLSI design hierarchy including algorithm design, design entry, and fundamental simulation.
3. Software used in VLSI design such as Dsch3, Microwind, Xilinx, and Altera Quartus.
4. Hardware used including FPGAs like Spartan-3E and Cyclone-II, and field programmable analog arrays.
5. Applications of VLSI and job opportunities in the field.
This document discusses small-signal modeling of MOSFETs. It introduces small-signal modeling as a way to linearize circuits by considering only small amplitude signals. It then presents the low-frequency small-signal model of a MOSFET, including terms like transconductance and output conductance. Finally, it discusses the high-frequency model, noting the need to account for parasitic capacitances between terminals at high frequencies. Diagrams of the complete low-frequency and high-frequency small-signal MOSFET models are provided.
This document discusses non-ideal transistor behavior in CMOS VLSI design. It covers several effects that cause transistors to deviate from ideal behavior, including mobility degradation at high fields, velocity saturation, channel length modulation, threshold voltage variations from the body effect, drain-induced barrier lowering, and short channel effect. It also discusses various sources of leakage current such as subthreshold leakage, gate leakage, and junction leakage. Finally, it covers process and environmental variations and how different "corners" or combinations of variations are used to test circuit performance in non-ideal conditions.
This course gives knowledge about the design, analysis, simulation of circuits used as building blocks in Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) devices. Students can apply the concepts learnt in the lectures towards design of actual VLSI subsystem all the way from specification, modeling, synthesis and physical design. This lab provides hands-on experience on implementation of digital circuit designs using HDL language, which are required for development of various projects and research work.
After completion of the course, the users will be able to, Describe Verilog hardware description languages (HDL), Design Digital Circuits in Verilog HDL, Write behavioral models of digital circuits, Write Register Transfer Level (RTL) models of digital circuits, Verify behavioral and RTL models, Describe standard cell libraries and FPGAs, Synthesize RTL models to standard cell libraries and FPGAs, Implement RTL models on FPGAs and Testing & Verification.
This document provides an introduction to electronic design automation (EDA) tools and discusses different types of programmable logic devices including field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). It describes the basic architecture of FPGAs including logic blocks, interconnects, and input/output blocks. The advantages of FPGAs such as shorter development time and flexibility are also summarized.
This presentation discusses the basics of Pass Transistor Logic, its advantages, limitation and finally implementation of Boolean functions/Combinational Logic circuits using Pass Transistor Logic.
The VLSI design flow consists of three domains - behavioral, structural, and physical - and multiple levels from system to circuit level. The front-end design includes logic synthesis to generate a netlist from HDL code through technology mapping and optimization. Back-end physical design involves floorplanning, placement of cells, routing of interconnects, and simulation to verify functionality and timing.
I have prepared it to create an understanding of delay modeling in VLSI.
Regards,
Vishal Sharma
Doctoral Research Scholar,
IIT Indore
vishalfzd@gmail.com
The document presents on the topic of VLSI technology. It is introduced by Mst. Abida Sultana. VLSI allows thousands of transistors to be integrated into a single microchip, as seen in microprocessors. It provides advantages like compactness, reliability, and lower power consumption by effectively using space. Previously, VLSI had high costs but prices have reduced. It finds applications in computers, communication networks, digital signal processing, automobiles, and medicine.
This document provides an overview of VLSI technology and VLSI design methodologies. It discusses the following key points:
1. VLSI design methodology involves multiple stages from system specification and architecture design to fabrication and packaging.
2. Top-down design methodologies involve describing the system at different levels of abstraction from system level to transistor level.
3. CMOS fabrication is described which involves various processes like oxidation, diffusion, deposition, etching to manufacture chips.
4. Challenges in VLSI technology include shrinking geometries, lower power voltages and higher frequencies which impact reliability. Understanding technology trends is important for efficient chip design.
Design of-steel-structures bhavakkati- by easy engineering.netsaibabu48
The document contains repeated text blocks noting that content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net. It requests that other websites or blogs do not copy or republish the materials and to report any instances of finding the same materials with the EasyEngineering watermark. The document provides attribution to EasyEngineering.net as the source but does not contain any other substantive content.
Design of-steel-structures bhavakkati- by easy engineering.netSelva Prakash
The document repeatedly states that content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net and warns others not to copy or republish the content without permission. It provides attribution to www.EasyEngineering.net over 100 times.
The document repeatedly states that content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net and warns others not to copy or republish the materials without permission. It provides attribution to www.EasyEngineering.net over 100 times.
Bakshi text book for b tech student engineeringsmahesh899219
The document repeatedly states that content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net and warns others not to copy or republish the materials without permission. It provides disclaimers that EasyEngineering is not the original publisher. The document consists of repetitive text attributing the source and appears to be formatting from a download rather than substantive content.
Bimbhra power electronics- By EasyEngineering.net.pdfsaraswata1981
The document repeatedly states that the content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net and warns others not to republish the content without permission. It provides attribution to Wiki Engineering and www.raghul.org for the downloaded content. The document appears to be listings or excerpts from an engineering book or materials that were obtained from other sources online.
The document contains 43 pages of lecture notes from Srividya College of Engineering and Technology on the design of steel structures. The notes cover various topics related to the design of tension members, compression members, and beams under the bending, shear, and axial forces. Design examples are included for the analysis and design of different steel structural elements.
Environmental engineering textbook - civil engineering
topics-
Quality and Analysis of Water
Treatment of Water
Disinfection
Distribution of Water
Quality and Analysis of Water
water demand and Quantity Estimation
Sources of Water
Collection and Conveyance of Water etc .... more
Analog Electronics-ME-EE (ErForum.Net).pdfAayush Patidar
The document repeatedly lists copyright information for Wiki Engineering and mentions the source as www.ErForum.Net. It provides no other notable content in over 100 repetitions of this copyright statement.
The document contains contact information for Arunkumar G, a lecturer in the E&CE Department at S.T.J.I.T. It also contains repeated text stating that content was downloaded from the citystudentsgroup blogspot website.
The Ingredients Of A Quality IT Consulting Firmtechinfogroup1
IT Consulting and support services offered by our professional IT consultants in Los Angeles. Contact The Tech Info Group today for effective business management.
This document contains the resume of MD. Shahnauze Ahsan. It outlines his work experience including roles as an Automation Support Engineer, Senior Executive Engineer, and Lead Researcher. It also lists his academic credentials including a current Master's degree from Grenoble INP, Esisar in France and a Bachelor's degree from Premier University in Bangladesh. Several publications and areas of skill are included, along with recommendations and contact information. Currently, Ahsan is interning as an Electronic Design Engineer at Schneider Electric in France.
This document discusses the evolution of cyber defense and technology. It first provides background on the author and their research interests. It then summarizes the Stuxnet attack on Iranian nuclear facilities between 2005-2010, believed to be carried out by Israel and the US. This marked a shift to states using cyber capabilities. The document next discusses cyberattacks that occurred during the Ukraine war and outlines a strategy of hybrid warfare combining conventional and cyber operations. It concludes by recommending related reading on cyber weapons and security.
OW2Con 2013 - Self-service BI with SpagoBI SpagoWorld
The video shows Virginie Pasquon's speech at OW2Con 2013 - the annual community event of OW2 Consortium (www.ow2.org). The speech focuses on the agile approach adopted by SpagoBI (www.spagobi.org) to support Self-service BI, allowing users to self-perform their analysis quickly and easily. www.spagoworld.org
Self Service BI with SpagoBI 4, Virginie Pasquon, Engineering Group.OW2
Self Service BI allows business users to access and work with information without the IT deparment's involvement. This does not only concern enterprise data but also private and unstructured data, stored on the final user's devices. SpagoBI 4 extends the support of Self Service BI scenarios from the agile development of analytical documents beyond enterprise boundaries bringing it to into the Open Data and the private domain as well. The Self Service by functionality is presented in the context of a full revision of the SpagoBI user interface towards an intuitive and appealing experience.
The metaverse is a new digital revolution that combines physical and digital world to form an immersive and augmented metaverse world. Zuckerberg believes the metaverse is the next internet platform where we’ll shop, socialize, learn, play games and hold business meetings. Gartner predicts 25% of people will spend at least one hour a day in the metaverse by 2026. According to City Bank's report, the metaverse represents a potential $13 trillion opportunity by 2030, that could boast as many as 5 billion global users.
To make the metaverse vision a reality, however, a massive investment in the metaverse infrastructure, both physical and digital, will be required. On a journey to build a global collaboration network for building the sustainable metaverse infrastructure, this webinar gives a discussion stage.
Agenda
1. Present and future of the metaverse
2. Requirements of the metaverse infrastructure
3. Architecture of the metaverse infrastructure
4. Standardization of the metaverse infrastructure
5. Financing the metaverse infrastructure development
6. Building the sustainable network infrastructure: Web3, 5G/6G/Beyond
7. Building the sustainable computing infrastructure: Green digital infrastructure/data centers
8. Building the sustainable software infrastructure: safety, security, privacy, ethics
The document contains lecture notes from Srividya College of Engineering and Technology for the course CE6602 Structural Analysis II. The notes are across 41 pages and cover topics related to structural analysis including structural modeling, analysis of determinate and indeterminate structures, flexibility and stiffness methods of analysis, and analysis of trusses, beams, and frames. The notes were downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net and are copyright of Srividya College of Engineering and Technology.
This document provides lecture notes for a course on CMOS digital IC design. The course objectives are to discuss CMOS logic gates, implementation of AOI and OAI gates, design of logic circuits using transmission gates, analysis of delays and power dissipation in combinational circuits, and design of combinational circuits using different logic styles. The document outlines 5 units that will be covered: MOS design, combinational MOS logic circuits, sequential MOS logic circuits, dynamic logic circuits, and semiconductor memories. It lists textbooks and references and describes the expected course outcomes as being able to apply transistor physics in CMOS circuit analysis, design CMOS inverters meeting noise margins, execute moderately sized logic designs using various gates, and design
The document summarizes a PhD student's research proposal on developing an energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. It outlines the objectives to compute high-energy forwarding paths, find non-congested nodes, and determine sink mobility. It then reviews related work on routing protocols and identifies gaps regarding energy and buffer residual status. The literature review covers 18 publications and their applications and limitations. Finally, it provides an outline of the proposed methodology, models, conclusions and future work.
This document contains a lab manual for signals and systems experiments in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at Shadan College of Engineering and Technology. It lists 12 experiments covering topics like frequency spectrum analysis of continuous and discrete signals, frequency response analysis using software and transfer functions, Fourier transforms, convolution, sampling, and filter design. It also provides an introduction to MATLAB, describing basic MATLAB windows, data types, commands, and functions for signals and systems applications.
This document contains information about the Digital Signal Processing lab at Shadan College of Engineering & Technology. It includes:
1. A list of 12 experiments to be conducted in the lab, related to topics like generating signals, implementing filters, and analyzing system responses.
2. An introduction to MATLAB, describing its basic functions and capabilities for numerical computation and signal processing.
3. Programs and instructions for carrying out specific DSP experiments in MATLAB, including generating basic signals, computing the DFT/IDFT of sequences, and determining the impulse/frequency responses of systems defined by difference equations.
The document provides students with an overview of the lab activities and teaches them how to use MATLAB for digital signal
This Analog Communication Lab Manual is prepared for JNTU, Hyderabad (in a general way to be utilized for the maximum institutions) for R18 regulation.
1. The document describes experiments involving amplitude modulation, single sideband modulation, frequency modulation, and demodulation.
2. It includes the theory, block diagrams, programs, procedures and observations for experiments on AM, DSB-SC, SSB, and FM modulation and demodulation.
3. The aims are to study the processes of various modulation and demodulation techniques and calculate modulation indices by varying modulating signal parameters.
This document provides information about an e-CAD lab manual for a third year electronics and communication engineering course. It outlines the course objectives, which include learning HDL programming, simulating basic and complex digital circuits using programming languages, and synthesizing and designing analog and digital CMOS circuits. The course outcomes are also listed. The document then provides a list of experiments to be completed as part of the course, which involve programming and simulating various digital components and circuits using HDL, as well as layout design, verification, placement and routing of circuits. Example programs for simulating basic logic gates using Verilog HDL are also included, along with sample output waveforms.
The document summarizes a technical seminar on mind-control technology. It describes how a brain-computer interface system called Brain Gate allows paralyzed individuals to control external devices like computers and prosthetics using only their thoughts by monitoring brain activity. The system includes a microchip implanted in the motor cortex that detects neural signals which are translated by external processors into commands to move a cursor or operate devices. The seminar outlines the development, working principles, components, advantages, and future applications of mind-control technology to restore functionality and independence for the paralyzed.
This document provides information about an ECAD & VLSI lab course, including course objectives, outcomes, and list of experiments. The objectives are to learn HDL programming, simulation of basic gates and circuits, synthesis and layout of CMOS circuits. The outcomes are the ability to simulate and synthesize digital and CMOS circuits. The list of experiments involves designing logic gates, decoders, encoders, multiplexers using CAD tools and verifying designs through simulation and testing on FPGA boards. The document also provides background on logic gates and an example experiment to design a 2-to-4 decoder in Verilog.
Energy Efficient and Secure Intrusion Detection for Maximum Coverage in WSNAmairullah Khan Lodhi
This document discusses energy efficient and secured intrusion detection in wireless sensor networks. It begins with an introduction to wireless sensor networks, their applications such as environmental monitoring and military surveillance, and their characteristics including being energy constrained and prone to errors. It then discusses challenges in wireless sensor networks related to heterogeneity, distributed processing, bandwidth, and energy efficiency. Next, it covers the coverage problem in determining how well an area is monitored by sensors and discusses worst-case and best-case coverage scenarios. It also introduces the concept of hot spots which are important areas that need more sensor coverage. Finally, it provides references for further information.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Digital System Design and FPGA
1. DSD FPGA
Lecture Notes
M. TECH (VLSI)
(I YEAR I SEM)
(2022-2023)
Prepared by
Dr. Amairullah Khan Lodhi
Director R & D, Professor
SHADAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Peerancheru, Hyderabad-500086
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Recognized under 2(f) and 12 (B) of UGC ACT 1956
(Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad, Approved by AICTE-Accredited by NBA & NAAC-A+ Grade
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