The document discusses digital representation and data storage. It explains that a bit is the smallest unit of data that can have a value of 1 or 0. Bytes make up the basic unit of digital storage, with a byte equal to 8 bits. Larger units of data storage are kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes. Converting a decimal number to binary is done by repeatedly dividing the number by 2 and recording the remainders from top to bottom to get the binary equivalent. Storage capacity is measured in bytes, with files and folders taking up space in bytes that is calculated based on their size in kilobytes or megabytes.

1. DIGITAL
REPRESENTATION

2. The term bit is an abbreviation of binary
digit and represents the smallest piece of
data. Humans interpret words and pictures;
computers interpret only patterns of bit.
1. A bit can have only
two possible values,
a one digit (1) or a
zero digit (0).
2. A bit can be used to
represent the state
of something that
has two states.

3. Convert Decimal Numbers to Binary
1. To convert a decimal number to binary,
all you have to do is divide the number by
2.
2. Get the quotient and the remainder. Bring
down the quotient, divide it by 2, and get
the quotient and remainder again.
3. Do it repeatedly until the quotient results
to 0. Copy the remainder from bottom to
top, and that is the binary equivalent.

4. Example: 25
25= 11001
Quotient Remainder
25/2 12 1
12/2 6 0
6/2 3 0
3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1

5. Checking:
16+8+1=25
1 1 0 0 1 Multiplier
16 8 4 2 1 Equivalents
16 8 0 0 1 Results

6. Calculating Data Storage
• While a bit is the smallest representation
of data, the most basic unit of digital
storage is the byte.
A byte is 8 bits and the smallest unit of
measure (UOM) used to represent data
storage capacity.

7. • When referring to storage space, we use
the terms byte (B), kilobytes (KB),
megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and
terabytes (TB).
1 Kilobyte is a little more than one thousand
bytes, specifically 1,024. A Megabyte
represents more than a million bytes or
1,048,576. A Gigabyte is 1,073,741,824
bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776.

8. Quantities of Byte
In general, when something is represented
digitally, the greater the detail, the greater the
number of bits needed to represent it.

9. Once we know the size of a file or folder, it is
possible to determine the number of bytes being
used.
For Example:
A File is 20 KB in size
1 KB = 1,024 Bytes
20x1,024 = 20,480 bytes in a 20 KB file.
If a 20 KB file is stored in a 1 MB folder (1
MB=1,048,576bytes of space); then
approximately a total of 51 files of the same
size can be stored in that folder
(1,048,576/20,480=51,2).

10. In your notebook, try to solve
the following:
• Direction: Convert the decimal numbers
shown below to binary. Perform checking
to verify your answers.
1. 19
• Direction: Solve the problem indicated
below. Show your solution.
2. How many 60 KB jpg file can be stored on a
1 MB folder in your Hard drive?

11. 1. 19
Answer: 19= 10011
Checking:
Quotient Remainder
19/2 9 1
9/2 4 1
4/2 2 0
2/2 1 0
1 1
1 0 0 1 1 Multiplier
16 8 4 2 1 Equivalents
16 0 0 2 1 Results
16+2+1=19