Here are the answers without showing work: 1. Schematic diagram 2. Charts 3. Block diagram 4. Lay-out plans/Floor plan

1. 2nd Quarter CSS Week 1
Computer memory

2. What is computer memory?
• Computer Memory is any physical device capable of storing
information temporarily, like RAM (Random Access Memory), or
permanently, like ROM (Read-Only Memory). Memory devices utilize
integrated circuits and are used by operating systems, software, and
hardware.

3. Computer Memory
• There are two types of computer memory. Volatile memory (RAM)
and Non-volatile memory (ROM). Computer memory is based on the
two factors that include access time and capacity. The faster the
speed of the memory, the lesser will be the access time.
access time = How fast can the date be transferred
Capacity = How large or how many data can it store temporarily of
permanently.

4. Volatile memory (RAM)
The main memory unit that connects directly to the CPU is the primary
memory. Furthermore, there are two types of primary memory:
RAM and ROM

5. RAM
RAM is a volatile memory which means its data will be erased if there is
no power or electricity.
It is measured by its access time and capacity.

6. MHz or Megahertz
• This is the unit of measurement to which we measure the speed of
data being transferred in one clock cycle.

7. Unit of measurement of data
8 Bits - 1 Byte
Bytes (1024) - KiloByte (1KB)
KB (1024) - MegaByte (1MB)
MB (1024) - GigaByte (1GB)
GB (1024) - TeraByte (1TB)
TB (1024) - PetaByte (1PB)
PB (1024) - ExaByte (1EB)
EB (1024) - ZettaByte (1ZB)
ZB (1024) - YottaByte (1YB)
1024 YB - BrontoByte
1024 BrontoByte - 1 GeopByte
In computer memory, bits are the smallest memory. While Geopbyte is the highest memory. 1 bit is the binary
unit.

8. Week 2 2nd quarter

9. Binary
01001000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00100001
The ones and zeros above could be just numbers for you but in binary
code the numbers mean “Hello!”.
Did you know that computers don’t understand words or numbers the
way humans do? All computer data is represented using binary, a
number system that uses 0s and 1s. Binary digits can be grouped
together into bytes

10. Binary
Computers use binary - the digits 0 and 1 to store data. The smallest unit of
data in computing is called a binary digit, or bit. It is presented by a 0 or 1.
The tiny switch is called a transistor which is activated by the electronic
signals it receives. The circuits in a computer's processor are made up of
billions of transistors. The digits 1 and 0 used in binary reflect on and off
states of a transistor.
Some of your computer files such as software, music, documents, and any
other information that is processed by a computer is also stored using
binary.

11. Binary
Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters,
numbers, and special characters with bits. A commonly used code is
the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII).
With ASCII, each character is represented by a string of bits.
For Example:
Capital letter: F = 01000110
Number: 1 = 00110001

12. Activity
Convert this text into binary. In a 1 whole
sheet of paper.
PEN
BAG
KARLOS

13. Week 2 part 2

14. Recall
1. What is binary?
• Computers use binary - the digits 0 and 1 to store data. The smallest unit of
data in computing is called a binary digit, or bit. It is presented by a 0 or 1.
2. How do computers read binary?
• With the use of transistors that turns on and off. It uses the binary as a signal
when it should turn on and off. 0 is off 1 is on.
1101100 01101111 00100001

15. Short review
Convert the following from text to binary and vise versa.
1. RED
2. BLUE
3. 01001000 – 01100101 – 01101100 – 01101100 – 01101111 – 00100001
4. 01010111 – 01001000 – 01001001 – 01010100 – 01000101
5. 01010100 – 01010111 – 01001111
6. What does the acronym ASCII stand for?

16. Short review
Convert the following from text to binary and vise versa.
1. RED = 01010010 – 01000101 – 01000100
2. BLUE = 01000010 – 01001100 – 01010101 – 01000101
3. YELLOW
4. WHITE
5. TWO
6. American Standard Code for Information Interchange

17. Bits and Bytes
• Bits can be grouped together to make them easier to work with. A
group of 8 bits is called a byte. 8 bits (b) is equivalent to 1 byte (B)
1 or 0 = 1 bit
01010010 = 8 bit or 1 Byte

18. Remember
• Most computers can process millions of bits every second. A hard drive's
storage capacity is measured in gigabytes or terabytes. RAM is often
measured in megabytes or gigabytes.
• A number base indicates how many digits are available within a numerical
system. The binary system on computers uses combinations of 0s and 1s.
That why it is called Binary
• In everyday life, we use numbers based on combinations of the digits
between 0 and 9. For binary numbers there are only two possible digits
available: 0 or 1. The binary system is also known as base 2. Denary or base
10 in counting system is known as decimal. Denary is known as base 10
because there are ten choices of digits between 0 and 9. That’s why it is
called Denary

19. Conversion from Decimal to Binary
• 1. Compute the quotient and the remainder.
• 2. Bring down the quotient, divide it by 2, and get the quotient and
remainder again.
• 3. Do it repeatedly until the quotient results to 0.
• 4. Copy the remainder from bottom to top and that is the binary
equivalent.

20. Check your understanding
• Convert these decimals into binary.
1. 177
2. 232
3. 99
4. 76
5. 88

21. Conversion from Binary to Decimal
• Conversion can be done by plotting each binary digit value on each
column corresponding to its decimal digit value. Each column is the
number 2 raised to an exponent. The exponent increases by one from
right to left. To get the total value you add the value of those columns
tagged as ON or equivalent to 1.

22. Check your understanding
• Convert these binary into decimal.
1. 00101101
2. 01000001
3. 11000111
4. 01010110
5. 00011011

23. Review
• Convert the following to Binary or from binary.
1. Love
2. Fox
3. Happy
4. 29
5. 19
6. 88
7. 42
8. 111110
9. 1001011
10. 1100001001

24. Review
• Convert the following to Binary or from binary.
1. Love - 01001100 - 01101111 - 01110110 - 01100101
2. Fox - 01000110 - 01101111 - 01111000
3. Happy - 01001000 - 01100001 - 01110000 - 01110000 - 01111001
4. 29 - 11101
5. 19 - 10011
6. 88 - 1011000
7. 42 – 101010
8. 111110 – 62
9. 1001011 – 75
10. 1100001001 - 777

25. Assessment

26. WEEK 3

27. Review
• Convert the following from decimal to binary and vice versa.
1. 77
2. 99
3. 88
4. 200
5. 1100001001
6. 1111100111
7. 1101111

28. Review
• Convert the following from decimal to binary and vice versa.
1. 77 - 1001101
2. 99 - 1100011
3. 88 - 1011000
4. 200 - 11001000
5. 1100001001 - 777
6. 1111100111 - 999
7. 1101111 - 111

29. Introduction
• This module contains unit of competency on “PERFORMING
MENSURATION AND CALCULATION (PMC)”. This covers the
knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values needed in understanding
concepts and underlying principles in performing measurements and
calculations.

30. Pre-test

31. Pre-test
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

32. Storage device and storage capacity
• Before deciding what kind or type of storage device you need to use,
it is important to identify the requirements or specification of your
data storage. When deciding on the type of device needed, you
should consider cost, capacity, speed of access, portability,
durability, and reliability.

33. Answer this on your notebook

34. Answer this on your notebook
Flash drive Flash 4GB
CD Optical 700MB
Diskette Magnetic 1.44MB
Hard drive Magnetic 1TB
Memory card Flash 64GB

35. REMEMBER
• The most common unit of digital data storage is a bit. It is also called
as binary and it is considered as the standard unit in which a
computer stores data.
• To increase the size of information stored, bits are clustered into
groups of eight, which equals to a byte. This measurement process
continues exponentially (1 bit = 8 bytes, 1 kilobyte = 1,024 bytes,
etc.).
1 byte = 8 bits

36. The table below shows the unit measurement system which helps users
understand the storage process of computers. Here is a basic table to
illustrate how the units increase exponentially.
8 bits

37. As you can see, the conversions vary from a standard system such as the
metric system. 1 kilobyte does not convert to 1,000 but instead 1,024
bytes. The process simplifies and allows quick calculations due to the
pattern of growth (1024KB to 1024MB to 1024GB etc.).
8 bits

38. Calculating Storage Capacity
• Have you ever thought of how many files can be stored in a storage
media? Here are the steps on how to calculate how many files can be
stored in a storage media.
To calculate how much data can be stored within a certain capacity you
need to understand three things:
1. The size of the data being stored.
2. The available space (capacity) for storing the data.
3. How to convert between the relevant units?

41. Remember
• Most files in our computer contain thousands of bytes and file sizes
are often measured in kilobytes.
• Larger files, such as images, videos, and audio files, contain millions of
bytes and are measured in megabytes.
• Modern storage devices can store thousands of these files, that is
why storage capacity is typically measured in gigabytes or even
terabytes.
• Being familiar on the process and how the digital unit conversion
measurements helps you understand sizes of storage devices.

42. Short review
• Situation 1
Task: Identify how many file you
can fit in the storage device.
Problem: Jose wants to copy
games from his friends PC. Each
game has an average size of
900MB and Jose only have a hard
drive that is 1TB in capacity. How
many PC games can he copy?
• Situation 2
Task: ✅ Identify how many video
files will fit, ✅Identify how much
storage will be available after
copying the file.
Problem: Maria’s manager told
her that there are 55 video files in
the computer that are
approximately 125MB each and
her task is to copy them to a USB
Flash drive that has 64GB storage.

44. Test: Storage capacity
What to review?
1. Storage capacity units of measurement bits, Bytes, Kilobytes,
Megabytes and so on….
2. How to convert units of measurement from small unit to large unit
(MB to GB) and from large to small (GB to MB).
3. Problem solving. Identifying how many files can fit, how many
storage is needed or in excess.

45. 8 bits

46. Test 2: Convert the units of storage device and
show your solution, 1point solution, 1point
answer. You can use test 1 as your reference.
1. 164 Gigabytes(GB) to Megabytes (MB)
2. 200Bytes(B) to bits
3. 110Exabytes(EB) to Petabytes (PB)
4. 780Kilobytes(KB) to Megabytes (MB)
5. 3 Terabytes(TB) to Megabytes (MB)
6. 3550 Gigabytes(GB) to Petabytes (PB)
7. 1500Zettabytes(ZB) to Yottabytes (YB)
8. 15000Gigabytes to Terabytes (TB)

47. Test 3: What is the total size? Identify the
total size of all the files.
1. 250 pictures, 3 MB each
2. 51 Music files, 8 MB each
3. 25 Games, 800MB each
4. 77 MS Word document, 2MB each

48. Test 4: Problem solving – Read each problem
carefully, read and understand each task you need
to accomplish. Show your solution, 1point
solution, 1 point answer.
Situation 1:
Problem: Jack is planning to backup all the photos and videos from his phone
to his 5GB flash drive. He has 1500 photos that is approximately 5MB each,
he has 127 videos each video is about 250MB.
Task:
1. Identify the storage capacity in Megabytes
2. Identify the total storage you need to fit all Jack’s photos and videos.
3. Will all Jack’s photo and video fit? Yes or no?
4. How much more does Jack need to fit all his photos and videos? Show
you answer in Gigabytes (GB)
✅
✅
✅
✅

49. Week 4

50. WEEK 5: PREPARING AND
INTERPRETING TECHNICAL
DRAWING

51. Expectation
• This module contains unit of competency on “PREPARING AND
INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWING (PITD)” This covers the
knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values needed in preparing and
interpreting technical drawing.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
• identify the different types of technical drawing; and
• select technical drawing in accordance with the job requirement.

52. A
B
C
D
E
D
E
C
A
B

53. Remember
• As a computer technician, one of the important competencies that
you must have is the ability to prepare and interpret technical
drawings.

54. Remember
• Technical Drawing is an act or discipline of creating models or plans
to build something through designs. It includes blueprints,
schematics, and diagrams that communicate how to construct a
product, device, machine, highway, or home. They also include
sketches and 2D and 3D-models that represent the appearance of a
completed project.
• Technical drawings are used widely throughout many industries by
professionals including architects, engineers, CAD Technicians,
product designers, and mathematicians.

55. Types of technical drawing
A. Schematic diagram
B. Charts
C. Block diagram
D. Lay-out plans/Floor plan

56. Schematic diagram
• A schematic is defined as a picture that
shows something in a simple way, using
symbols. A schematic diagram is a
picture that represents the components
of a process, device, or other object
using abstract, often standardized
symbols and lines.
• Schematic diagrams are widely used in
electrical drawing. The main purpose of a
schematic diagram is to emphasize
circuit elements and how their functions
relate to each other.

57. Charts
• In general, a chart is a graphical
representation of data.
• Charts allow users to see what the results
of data to better understand and predict
current and future data.

58. Block diagrams
• A block diagram is a visual
representation of how
parts of an object relate to
each other and work
together. It is named as
such because blocks
represent each piece of the
design with lines between
them to show their
respective relationships.

59. Lay-out Plans
• A floor plan is a scaled diagram of a
room or building viewed from above.
• The floor plan may depict an entire
building, one floor of a building, or a
single room. It may also include
measurements, furniture, appliances,
or anything else necessary to the
purpose of the plan.

60. Checking your understanding
• Prepare a ½ length wise paper write your name, grade and sec.
• Answers only, read and understand directions to answer the
assessment.

62. Checking your understanding
• Prepare a ½ length wise paper write your name, grade and sec.
• Answers only, read and understand directions to answer the
assessment.
TRUE
Schematic diagram
Block diagram
TRUE
TRUE

64. Seatwork
• In a ½ length wise, write down the different basic flow chart symbols
used to make a flow chart.
• Write the element, write the name of that symbol, and draw the
symbol.
• You can use your module or internet.
• Please use the template below

65. Week 5 day 2

66. Seatwork: Make a computer shop floor plan
Instruction: Use a 1 whole sheet of paper
(Landscape orientation)
GUIDELINES: Your computer shop should have
the following
1. Entrance and exit
2. Windows for ventilation
3. Area where you want to put all your
computers (10 or more computers)
4. Area where you will stay as the computer
shop operator.
5. Comfort room (CR)
6. Label all the parts of your floor plan
(example: Door, window, toilet, computer,
table…)
Criteria for scoring
1. Following the guidelines –
20%
2. Neatness – 20%
3. Submit on time – 20%
4. Use of drawing materials
such as ruler, pencil, etc… -
20%
5. Labelled all the parts of the
floor plan properly – 20%

68. Recall
• What is an act or discipline of creating models or plans to build
something through designs?
Technical drawing
• It is defined as a picture that shows something in a simple way, using
symbols. It is widely used in electrical drawing.
Schematic diagram
• It is a graphical representation of data. It allow users to see what the
results of data to better understand and predict current and future
data.
Chart

69. PREPARING AND INTERPRETING TECHNICAL
DRAWING

70. Chart
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
•recognize the elements of flowchart; and
•identify and interpret symbols used in the
drawing.

71. Flow chart
•Flowcharts can provide a step-by-step diagram
for mapping out complex situations such as
programming code or troubleshooting problems
with a computer.

72. Start
Open your Assignment.docx
Print your assignment
Did it
print?
No
Yes
Is the
printer
open?
No
Power on the printer
Yes
Is the USB
cable
connected to
the computer?
Turn off the printer
Close assignment.docx
Turn off computer
Call the customer service of
the printer
No
Connect the
USB cable to
the computer
Yes
Assignment.docx
was printed
successfully
End

75. 2nd quarter review

76. What is a computer memory?
A. It is physical device that is capable of storing data
temporarily or permanently.
B. It is a peripheral device that you connect to the computer.
C. It is an input device that you use to put information into
the computer.
D. It is and output device used to get information out of the
computer.

77. There are 2 types of memory, what are they?
A.Solid and magnetic
B.Volatile and non-volatile
C.Small and large
D.Physical and virtual

78. What is volatile memory?
A. it is a type of memory that stores data
permanently.
B.It is a type of memory that automatically
transfers data to the internet.
C.It is a type of memory that stores data
temporarily when it is supplied with power
D.It is a portable memory.

79. What is non-volatile memory?
A. it is a type of memory that stores data
permanently.
B.It is a type of memory that automatically
transfers data to the internet.
C.It is a type of memory that stores data
temporarily when it is supplied with power
D.It is a portable memory.

80. Which of the following is a volatile memory?
A. Hard disk drive
B.USB flash drive
C.Diskette
D.Random access memory

81. What is the difference between the computers
Main memory and Secondary Memory?
A. Main mem is a removable storage device while secondary
mem is an internal memory.
B. Main mem is larger than secondary mem.
C. Main mem connects directly to the CPU, secondary mem is
a non-volatile memory that stores data permanently.
D. Main mem is smaller than secondary mem.

82. Which of the ff is the brian of the computer?
A. CPU (Central processing unit)
B. RAM (Random access memory)
C. Motherboard
D.System unit.

83. What do computers use to store data?
A. QR code
B. Bard code
C. Morse code
D.Binary code

84. What is the smallest unit of data in a
computer?
A. Megabyte
B. Byte
C. Bit
D.Nimble

85. Convert this decimal to binary: 65
A. 1 1 0 0
B. 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
C. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
D.1 0 0 0 0 0 1

86. Convert this decimal to binary: 12
A. 1 1 0 0
B. 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
C. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
D.1 0 0 0 0 0 1

87. Convert this decimal to binary: 12
A. 1 1 0 0
B. 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
C. 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
D.1 0 0 0 0 0 1

88. Convert this binary to decimal: 1 1 1 0
A. 12
B. 13
C. 14
D.15

89. Convert this binary to decimal: 1 0 1 1 0
A. 22
B. 23
C. 24
D.25

90. What type of storage is a USB flash drive?
A. Optical
B. Magnetic
C. Flash
D.Cloud

91. What type of storage is a Hard disk drive?
A. Optical
B. Magnetic
C. Flash
D.Cloud

92. What type of storage is a Solid state hard
drive?
A. Optical
B. Magnetic
C. Flash
D.Cloud

93. What type of storage is a CD or DVD?
A. Optical
B. Magnetic
C. Flash
D.Cloud

94. How many MB is there in 1GB?
A. 2000
B. 2048
C. 1000
D.1024

95. How many KB is there in 2MB?
A. 2000
B. 2048
C. 1000
D.1024

96. Identify if all the files will fit inside the USB.
File: 100 Music files, 5MB each
Storage: USB 2GB
A. Yes
B. No

97. What are the different storage capacity measurements?
Arrange them from Bytes to Terabytes.

98. What storage device is being shown in the
picture?
A. USB flash drive
B. Diskette
C. CD
D.Hard disk drive

99. What storage device is being shown in the
picture?
A. USB flash drive
B. Diskette
C. CD
D.Hard disk drive

100. What technical drawing is typically used to
illustrated electrical circuit?
A. Schematic
B. Chart
C. Block diagram
D.Floor plan

101. What technical drawing is typically used to
represent data?
A. Schematic
B. Chart
C. Block diagram
D.Floor plan

102. What technical drawing is typically used to
represent a building that is viewed from above?
A. Schematic
B. Chart
C. Block diagram
D.Floor plan

103. What element in flow chart is used for in
process measurement?
A.
B.
C.
D.

104. What element in flow chart is used for the
beginning and the end?
A.
B.
C.
D.

105. What element in flow chart is used for
decision?
A.
B.
C.
D.

106. Make a flow chart about this situation:
1. Turn on the computer
2. Open google chrome
3. Go to fb.com
4. Type your email
5. Type your password
6. Click login

107. Make a flow chart about this situation:
1. Open “assignment.docx”
2. Is your assignment finished? If yes proceed to
next step, if no finish your assignment first
before you proceed to the next step.
3. Print your assignment
4. Wait for the printer to finish printing
5. Close the “assignment.docx”.

108. Summative test coverage. Please review these
topics
• Computer memory: Types of memory, categories of memory
• Binary: Conversion of binary to decimal and vice versa
• Types of storage device
• Unit of measurement of storage capacity
• Types of technical drawing
• Flowchart elements

109. Flow chart activity
•Instruction: Read the flow of data/steps and
make a flow chart. Use the appropriate elements
to make your flow chart understandable.

110. EXAMPLE
1. Wash the rice
2. Measure the rice
3. Add appropriate amount of
water.
4. Wait until the rice is fully
cooked
5. Serve the rice while it is hot
START
Measure
the rice
Add appropriate
amount of water
Wait until the rice
is fully cooked
Serve rice while its
hot
END

111. Situation 1: how to print your assignment
1. Turn on the computer
2. Log-in
• Input your username and password
• Click Log in button
3. Open “Assignmet.docx”
4. Print the “Assignment.docx”
5. Wait for the printing to be finished
6. Close all the apps

112. Situation 2: How to backup files from your
flash drive
1. Plug in your USB flash drive to the computer
2. Open file explorer
3. Open your USB flash drive
4. Select all the files you need to backup
5. In your keyboard press Ctrl+C
6. Create a new folder in your computer
7. Rename the folder by inputting the new name
8. Open the newly created folder
9. Press CTRL + V
10. Go to “This PC”
11. Eject the USB flash drive

113. Situation 3: How to connect to a Wifi network
1. Click the wifi setting
2. Look for the wifi network you will connect to
3. Type the password
4. Close the wifi setting.

114. Computer memory
Primary and secondary memory of a computer

115. What is memory?
• To us Humans Memory is the faculty of the mind by which data or
information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed.
• To a computer memory is a device or system that is used to store
information for immediate use in a computer or related computer
hardware and digital electronic devices.

116. What are the different types of memory in a
computer.
Primary memory Secondary Memory
Primary memory is the internal memory
of a computer system. It stores and
retrieves data, instructions, and
information. The CPU directly and
randomly accesses primary memory;
hence primary memory is also referred
to as Random Access Memory or RAM. It
is a volatile memory and loses data and
instructions when the power turns off.
Secondary memory is a storage
device that cannot be accessed
directly by the CPU. It is used as a
permanent storage device.
The CPU accesses these devices
through an input/output channel,
and data is first transferred to
primary memory from secondary
memory before being accessed.

117. What are the difference between primary and secondary memory?
Comparison
parameters Primary Memory Secondary Memory
Storage Validity Primary memory is the main memory and
stores data temporarily.
Secondary memory is the external
memory and stores data permanently.
Access
The CPU can directly access the data.
The CPU cannot directly access the
data.
Volatility
Primary memory is volatile. It loses data in
case of a power outage.
Secondary memory is non-volatile, and
data is stored even during a power
failure.
Storage
Data is stored inside costly semiconductor
chips.
Data is stored on external hardware
devices like hard drives, floppy disks,
etc.
Speed Faster Slower
Stored data It saves the data that the computer is
currently using.
It can save various types of data in
various formats and huge sizes.

118. What are memory devices and where do they
belong? Primary or secondary?

119. Direct comparison between primary and
secondary.

120. Prepare for a short quiz!
•Prep a ¼ sheet of paper
•Write your name grade and section
•And at the top of your paper, write:
Primary and secondary memory quiz

121. #1 What is computer memory?
A. It is the our minds ability to store data and information.
B. It is a device or system that is used to store information for
immediate use in a computer.
C. It is a peripheral device that receives data and outputs
data.
D. It is a cloud storage system that stores you files outside the
computer.

122. #2 What are the 2 types of memory?
A.Secondary and primary
B.External and internal
C.Magnetic and optical
D.Flash and cloud

123. #3 What is a primary memory?
A. It is a memory that the CPU directly access to
retrieve information.
B. It is a memory that we use to store all the
important files of the operating system.
C. it is a memory that stores the data permanently,
it is the computers storage device.
D. It is a memory that receives data from the
internet

124. #4 What is a secondary memory?
A. It is a memory that the CPU directly access to
retrieve information.
B. It is a memory that we use to store all the
important files of the operating system.
C. it is a memory that stores the data permanently,
it is the computers storage device.
D. It is a memory that receives data from the
internet

125. #5 Which of the following devices is a primary
memory?
A. USB flash drive
B. Hard disk drive
C. CD or DVD
D. Random access memory

126. #6 Which of the following devices is a
secondary memory?
A. USB flash drive
B. Hard disk drive
C. CD or DVD
D. Random access memory

127. #7 Which of the 2 memory is faster?
A. Primary memory
B. Secondary memory

128. #7 Which of the 2 memory is non-volatile?
A. Primary memory
B. Secondary memory

129. Week 8
PREPARING AND INTERPRETING
TECHNICAL DRAWING

130. At the end of this module, you are expected
to:
•determine the steps in interpreting
flowchart; and
•interpret a simple flowchart.

132. Pre-test

133. Pre-test

134. Pre-test

135. Pre-test
Answer for numbers 1-6
1. Process
2. Decision
3. Process
4. Process
5. Decision
6. Process

136. Pre-test

137. Pre-test

138. Steps in making a linear flowchart
1. Define the process to be flowcharted. The purpose for flowcharting
it.
2. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart. Those
operators, technicians, or office workers who are involved in the
process.
3. Establish process boundaries. The starting and ending points.
• identify the major activities or sub processes that are included in the process.
• determine what is not included in the scope of the process to remove any
doubt or confusion about the boundaries. This may also help establish the
scope of related processes.

139. Steps in making a linear flowchart
4. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted. If your team
is not sure about a step, mark it to be investigated later.
5. Put the steps in chronological sequence. Sometimes it is easier to
start with the last step and work back to the first step.
6. Assign flowchart symbols such as boxes, diamonds, and triangles.
7. Review and title the flowchart.

140. Check your understanding: Read and answer
the questions carefully

141. Check your understanding: Read and answer
the questions carefully
2. Tiffany is taking notes of the actual steps that is happening in the
flowchart that she will create. Which key steps in creating a
developing a flowchart does she do?
A. Establish process boundaries.
B. Put the steps in chronological order.
C. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart.
D. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted.

142. Check your understanding: Read and answer
the questions carefully
3. Chelsea is done assigning the flowchart symbols. Which key steps in
developing a flowchart should she do next?
A. Establish process boundaries.
B. Put the steps in chronological order.
C. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart.
D. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted.

143. Check your understanding: Read and answer
the questions carefully
4. Manny listed the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted.
Which should he do next?
A. Review and Title the flowchart.
B. Put the steps in chronological order.
C. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart.
D. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted.

144. Check your understanding: Read and answer
the questions carefully
5. Joshua arrange the steps exactly as how they have occurred. Which
steps in developing a successful flowchart did he do?
A. Establish process boundaries.
B. Put the steps in chronological order.
C. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart.
D. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted.

145. How will interpreting flow chart help?
Flowchart will help you understand your process and uncover
ways to improve if you use it to analyze what is happening.
Interpreting your Flowchart will help you to:
• determine who is involved in the process.
• form theories about root causes.
• identify ways to streamline the process.
• determine how to implement changes to the process.
• locate cost-added-only steps.
• provide training on how the process works or should work.

146. Below is a Sequence of Steps That Will Help You
Through an Orderly Analysis of Your Flowchart
• Step 1 - examine each process step of the following conditions that indicate
a need to improve the process.
• Step 2 - examine each decision symbol. You may want to collect data on
how often there is a "yes" or "no" answer at decision points marked by a
diamond shaped symbol. If most decisions go one way rather than the
other, you may be able to remove this decision point.
• Step 3 - examine each rework loop. Processes with numerous checks
generate rework and waste. Examine the activities preceding the rework
loop and identify those that need to be improved. Look for ways to shorten
or eliminate the loop.
• Step 4 - examine each activity symbol. Does the step help build a key
quality characteristic into the end product? If not, consider eliminating it.

147. POST-TEST
• Study the flowchart and
answer the following
questions.
• Open your module and answer
week 8 POST-TEST now.
• This output will be submitted
TOMORROW January 25, 2023.