SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Digital Libraries
Tools for Facilitating Access, Management
and Preservation of Digital Content
Lighton Phiri
September 7, 2015
Outline
1) Introduction
2) Motivation
3) Examples
4) Digital Libraries
5) Case Study
6) Summary
2
Introduction
We live in exciting times–-The Information Age
Massive amount of data generated and digitised
1) Born digital data
◻ Data created electronically
◻ Contemporary manuscripts& monographs; Tweets& FB posts :)
2) Digitised data
◻ Data initially created in non-digital form
◻ Most content created before ‘The Information Age’
3
Why is Preservation Important?
4
Urgency to preserve delicate artifacts
Massive born-digital content being generated
http://lloydbleekcollection.cs.uct.ac.za
5
http://www.netd.ac.za
6
http://archive.org/web (1)
7
http://archive.org/web (2)
8
Digital Libraries in Perspective
DL sub-layers
■ User interface
■ Service layer
■ Storage layer
DL fundamentals
■ Identifiers
■ Interoperability
■ Metadata
■ Standards
9
Case study: open.uct.ac.za (1)
10
Case study: open.uct.ac.za (2)
open.uct.ac.za runs a DSpace instance–-a popular
standards-based institutional repository software tool
11
DL sub-layers
1) User interface
◻ Web; CLI
2) Service layer
◻ Search, OAI-PMH
3) Storage layer
◻ Operating System and
database
DL fundamentals
1) Identifiers
◻ Handles
2) Interoperability
◻ OAI-PMH; SWord
3) Metadata
◻ Dublin Core
4) Standards
◻ OAI-PMH; SWord; DC
Summary
■ Overview
◻ Introduction, motivation and problem
◻ Examples of DLs
■ DL in perspective
◻ DL aspects and fundametals
◻ Case study–-OpenUCT
12
User Interface Service Layer Storage Layer
Identifiers X X
Interoperability X
Metadata X X
Standards X X X
Bibliography
[1] Arms, William Y. (1995). "Key Concepts in the Architecture of the
Digital Library". In: D-Lib Magazine. The Magazine of Digital Library
Research 1.1. DOI: 10.1045/july95-arms.
[2] Arms, William Y. (2001). "Libraries, Technology, and People". In:
Digital Libraries. Ed. by William Y. Arms. 2nd. Cambridge,
Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Chap. Chapter 1, pp. 1–20.
[3] Smith, MacKenzie, Mary Barton, Margret Branschofsky, Greg
McClellan, Julie Harford Walker, Mick Bass, Dave Stuve, and Robert
Tansley (2003). "DSpace. An Open Source Dynamic Digital
Repository". In: D-Lib Magazine 9.1. DOI: 10.1045/january2003-smith
[4] Suleman, Hussein (2007). "Digital LibrariesWithout Databases: The
Bleek and Lloyd Collection". In: TPDL. Ed. by L´aszl ´o Kov´acs,
Norbert Fuhr, and Carlo Meghini. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag,
pp. 392–403. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-74851-9_33.
13

More Related Content

What's hot

CTDA Services for Cultural Heritage Institutions
CTDA Services for Cultural Heritage InstitutionsCTDA Services for Cultural Heritage Institutions
CTDA Services for Cultural Heritage Institutions
Greg Colati
 
Pnc2010 knowledge-talk
Pnc2010 knowledge-talkPnc2010 knowledge-talk
Pnc2010 knowledge-talkShih-Chieh Li
 
CTDA Annual Meeting 2016
CTDA Annual Meeting 2016CTDA Annual Meeting 2016
CTDA Annual Meeting 2016
University of Connecticut Libraries
 
An Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass Description
An Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass DescriptionAn Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass Description
An Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass Description
Jon W. Dunn
 
Blockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data Assets
Blockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data AssetsBlockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data Assets
Blockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data Assets
Jānis Grabis
 
Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)
Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)
Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)
dri_ireland
 
Connecticut Digital Archive
Connecticut Digital ArchiveConnecticut Digital Archive
Connecticut Digital Archive
University of Connecticut Libraries
 
An Introduction to the Connecticut Digital Archive
An Introduction to the Connecticut Digital ArchiveAn Introduction to the Connecticut Digital Archive
An Introduction to the Connecticut Digital Archive
Greg Colati
 
Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...
Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...
Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...
Peter Webster
 
CTDA Update, March 2015
CTDA Update, March 2015CTDA Update, March 2015
CTDA Update, March 2015
Greg Colati
 
'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg
'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg
'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg
EDINA, University of Edinburgh
 
'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...
'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...
'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...
EDINA, University of Edinburgh
 
'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks
'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks
'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks
EDINA, University of Edinburgh
 
ICPC SOS workshop
ICPC SOS workshop ICPC SOS workshop
ICPC SOS workshop
Bethany Davis
 
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked Science
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked ScienceUsing the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked Science
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked Science
Carsten Keßler
 
Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...
Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...
Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...
Maximilian Klein
 
Csvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projects
Csvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projectsCsvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projects
Csvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projectsmattsenate
 
Introduction to the CTDA
Introduction to the CTDAIntroduction to the CTDA
Introduction to the CTDA
Greg Colati
 

What's hot (19)

CTDA Services for Cultural Heritage Institutions
CTDA Services for Cultural Heritage InstitutionsCTDA Services for Cultural Heritage Institutions
CTDA Services for Cultural Heritage Institutions
 
Pnc2010 knowledge-talk
Pnc2010 knowledge-talkPnc2010 knowledge-talk
Pnc2010 knowledge-talk
 
CTDA Annual Meeting 2016
CTDA Annual Meeting 2016CTDA Annual Meeting 2016
CTDA Annual Meeting 2016
 
An Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass Description
An Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass DescriptionAn Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass Description
An Audiovisual Metadata Platform to Support Mass Description
 
Blockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data Assets
Blockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data AssetsBlockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data Assets
Blockchain Enabled Distributed Storage and Sharing of Personal Data Assets
 
Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)
Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)
Rebecca Grant - Archiving and Digital Preservation (Figshare Fest)
 
Connecticut Digital Archive
Connecticut Digital ArchiveConnecticut Digital Archive
Connecticut Digital Archive
 
An Introduction to the Connecticut Digital Archive
An Introduction to the Connecticut Digital ArchiveAn Introduction to the Connecticut Digital Archive
An Introduction to the Connecticut Digital Archive
 
Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...
Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...
Understanding the users of the Parliamentary Web Archive: a user research pro...
 
CTDA Update, March 2015
CTDA Update, March 2015CTDA Update, March 2015
CTDA Update, March 2015
 
'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg
'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg
'Portico: Current Work and Future Plans' by Kate Wittenberg
 
2013.05 - IASSIST 2013 - 3
2013.05 - IASSIST 2013 - 32013.05 - IASSIST 2013 - 3
2013.05 - IASSIST 2013 - 3
 
'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...
'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...
'HathiTrust's Long View: Perspectives on Preservation Strategies' by Mike Fur...
 
'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks
'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks
'Scholars Portal: What's Now, What's Next' by Steve Marks
 
ICPC SOS workshop
ICPC SOS workshop ICPC SOS workshop
ICPC SOS workshop
 
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked Science
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked ScienceUsing the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked Science
Using the Web as a Data Source: Challenges for Linked Science
 
Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...
Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...
Häskell und Grepl: Data Hacking Wikimedia Projects Exampled With Open Access ...
 
Csvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projects
Csvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projectsCsvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projects
Csvconf data hacking-with_wikimedia_projects
 
Introduction to the CTDA
Introduction to the CTDAIntroduction to the CTDA
Introduction to the CTDA
 

Viewers also liked

Fine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the Cloud
Fine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the CloudFine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the Cloud
Fine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the Cloud
Lighton Phiri
 
Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on Teaching
Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on TeachingInvestigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on Teaching
Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on Teaching
Lighton Phiri
 
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven OrchestrationStreamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Lighton Phiri
 
Postgraduate Studies: Graduate School Experience
Postgraduate Studies: Graduate School ExperiencePostgraduate Studies: Graduate School Experience
Postgraduate Studies: Graduate School Experience
Lighton Phiri
 
HPI Annual Workshop - Ph.D. Research Pitch
HPI Annual Workshop  - Ph.D. Research PitchHPI Annual Workshop  - Ph.D. Research Pitch
HPI Annual Workshop - Ph.D. Research Pitch
Lighton Phiri
 
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven OrchestrationStreamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Lighton Phiri
 
Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...
Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...
Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...
Lighton Phiri
 
Simple Archive Architectures
Simple Archive ArchitecturesSimple Archive Architectures
Simple Archive Architectures
Lighton Phiri
 
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned ActivitiesPh.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Lighton Phiri
 
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned ActivitiesPh.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Lighton Phiri
 
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...
Lighton Phiri
 

Viewers also liked (11)

Fine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the Cloud
Fine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the CloudFine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the Cloud
Fine-grained Scalability of Digital Library Services in the Cloud
 
Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on Teaching
Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on TeachingInvestigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on Teaching
Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestration on Teaching
 
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven OrchestrationStreamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
 
Postgraduate Studies: Graduate School Experience
Postgraduate Studies: Graduate School ExperiencePostgraduate Studies: Graduate School Experience
Postgraduate Studies: Graduate School Experience
 
HPI Annual Workshop - Ph.D. Research Pitch
HPI Annual Workshop  - Ph.D. Research PitchHPI Annual Workshop  - Ph.D. Research Pitch
HPI Annual Workshop - Ph.D. Research Pitch
 
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven OrchestrationStreamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration
 
Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...
Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...
Streamlined Orchestration: Investigating the Impact of Organised Orchestratio...
 
Simple Archive Architectures
Simple Archive ArchitecturesSimple Archive Architectures
Simple Archive Architectures
 
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned ActivitiesPh.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#4 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
 
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned ActivitiesPh.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
Ph.D. Research Update: Year#3 Annual Progress and Planned Activities
 
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...
Streamlined Technology-driven Orchestration: Towards Streamlined Technology-d...
 

Similar to Digital Libraries: Tools for Facilitating Access, Management and Preservation of Digital Content

Digital library
Digital libraryDigital library
Digital library
Trần Diệu
 
SAICSIT 2011 Poster Abstract
SAICSIT 2011 Poster AbstractSAICSIT 2011 Poster Abstract
SAICSIT 2011 Poster Abstract
Lighton Phiri
 
ALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & Museums
ALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & MuseumsALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & Museums
ALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & MuseumsJon Voss
 
Digital library
 Digital library Digital library
Digital library
Babita Yadav
 
Digital Library
Digital LibraryDigital Library
Digital Library
FkdiMl
 
Website designing company_in_delhi_digitization practices
Website designing company_in_delhi_digitization practicesWebsite designing company_in_delhi_digitization practices
Website designing company_in_delhi_digitization practices
Css Founder
 
Pampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data Librarianship
Pampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data LibrarianshipPampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data Librarianship
Pampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data Librarianship
Hans-Christoph Hobohm
 
Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010
Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010
Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010PrattSILS
 
IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...
IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...
IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...
IFLAAcademicandResea
 
Boundless Opportunity
Boundless OpportunityBoundless Opportunity
Boundless Opportunity
Rachel Frick
 
DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"
DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"
DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"
Bogdan Trifunovic
 
Digital preservation and curation of information.presentation
Digital preservation and curation of information.presentationDigital preservation and curation of information.presentation
Digital preservation and curation of information.presentation
Prince Sterling
 
What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...
What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...
What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...
Stuart Dempster
 
Digital Curation In Context
Digital Curation In ContextDigital Curation In Context
Digital Curation In Context
Carolyn Hank
 
Toward universal information access on the digital object cloud
Toward universal information access on the digital object cloudToward universal information access on the digital object cloud
Toward universal information access on the digital object cloud
National Institute of Informatics
 
2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery
2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery
2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery
National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
 
Ensuring Continuity of Access To Our Published Heritage
Ensuring Continuity of Access To Our Published HeritageEnsuring Continuity of Access To Our Published Heritage
Ensuring Continuity of Access To Our Published Heritage
EDINA, University of Edinburgh
 
IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...
IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...
IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...
Steve Brewer
 

Similar to Digital Libraries: Tools for Facilitating Access, Management and Preservation of Digital Content (20)

Digital library
Digital libraryDigital library
Digital library
 
SAICSIT 2011 Poster Abstract
SAICSIT 2011 Poster AbstractSAICSIT 2011 Poster Abstract
SAICSIT 2011 Poster Abstract
 
Dlindia
DlindiaDlindia
Dlindia
 
ALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & Museums
ALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & MuseumsALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & Museums
ALIAOnline Practical Linked (Open) Data for Libraries, Archives & Museums
 
Digital library
 Digital library Digital library
Digital library
 
Digital Library
Digital LibraryDigital Library
Digital Library
 
Website designing company_in_delhi_digitization practices
Website designing company_in_delhi_digitization practicesWebsite designing company_in_delhi_digitization practices
Website designing company_in_delhi_digitization practices
 
Pampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data Librarianship
Pampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data LibrarianshipPampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data Librarianship
Pampel/Bertelnmann/Hobohm: Data Librarianship
 
Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010
Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010
Pratt SILS Knowledge Organization Fall 2010
 
IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...
IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...
IFLA ARL Webinar Series: Digital Preservation - Managing Publications and Dat...
 
Boundless Opportunity
Boundless OpportunityBoundless Opportunity
Boundless Opportunity
 
DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"
DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"
DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF A "DIGITAL DARK AGES"
 
Digital preservation and curation of information.presentation
Digital preservation and curation of information.presentationDigital preservation and curation of information.presentation
Digital preservation and curation of information.presentation
 
What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...
What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...
What are the key issues and opportunities in digital scholarship, and how sho...
 
Digital Curation In Context
Digital Curation In ContextDigital Curation In Context
Digital Curation In Context
 
Toward universal information access on the digital object cloud
Toward universal information access on the digital object cloudToward universal information access on the digital object cloud
Toward universal information access on the digital object cloud
 
2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery
2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery
2015 NISO Forum: The Future of Library Resource Discovery
 
Ji cv6n1
Ji cv6n1Ji cv6n1
Ji cv6n1
 
Ensuring Continuity of Access To Our Published Heritage
Ensuring Continuity of Access To Our Published HeritageEnsuring Continuity of Access To Our Published Heritage
Ensuring Continuity of Access To Our Published Heritage
 
IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...
IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...
IT as a Utility Network+: Libraries of the Future - Sir Duncan Rice Library, ...
 

More from Lighton Phiri

Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis in Zambian...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis  in Zambian...Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis  in Zambian...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis in Zambian...
Lighton Phiri
 
User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...
User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...
User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...
Lighton Phiri
 
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...
Lighton Phiri
 
Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...
Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...
Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...
Lighton Phiri
 
Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...
Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...
Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...
Lighton Phiri
 
Enterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and Opportunities
Enterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and OpportunitiesEnterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and Opportunities
Enterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and Opportunities
Lighton Phiri
 
Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...
Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...
Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...
Lighton Phiri
 
Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...
Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...
Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...
Lighton Phiri
 
DRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal Systems
DRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal SystemsDRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal Systems
DRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal Systems
Lighton Phiri
 
OJS Training: Users and User Roles
OJS Training: Users and User RolesOJS Training: Users and User Roles
OJS Training: Users and User Roles
Lighton Phiri
 
OJS Training: Journal Settings and Configuration
OJS Training: Journal Settings and ConfigurationOJS Training: Journal Settings and Configuration
OJS Training: Journal Settings and Configuration
Lighton Phiri
 
OJS Training: Managing The Submission Process
OJS Training: Managing The Submission ProcessOJS Training: Managing The Submission Process
OJS Training: Managing The Submission Process
Lighton Phiri
 
OJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal Issues
OJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal IssuesOJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal Issues
OJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal Issues
Lighton Phiri
 
Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...
Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...
Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...
Lighton Phiri
 
Using Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant Problems
Using Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant ProblemsUsing Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant Problems
Using Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant Problems
Lighton Phiri
 
Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...
Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...
Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...
Lighton Phiri
 
Institutional Repository Single Sources of Truth
Institutional Repository Single Sources of TruthInstitutional Repository Single Sources of Truth
Institutional Repository Single Sources of Truth
Lighton Phiri
 
Improved Scholarly Communication Using Machine Learning
Improved Scholarly Communication Using Machine LearningImproved Scholarly Communication Using Machine Learning
Improved Scholarly Communication Using Machine Learning
Lighton Phiri
 
Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...
Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...
Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...
Lighton Phiri
 
A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...
A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...
A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...
Lighton Phiri
 

More from Lighton Phiri (20)

Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis in Zambian...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis  in Zambian...Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis  in Zambian...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Streamlined Radiological Diagnosis in Zambian...
 
User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...
User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...
User Centred Design and Implementation of Useful Picture Archiving and Commun...
 
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...
Enterprise Medical Imaging for Improved Radiological Workflows in Zambian Pub...
 
Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...
Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...
Empirical Evaluation of ETD-ms Compliance for ETDs Harvested by the NDLTD Uni...
 
Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...
Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...
Enterprise Medical Imaging in Public Health Facilities in Zambia: Towards a U...
 
Enterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and Opportunities
Enterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and OpportunitiesEnterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and Opportunities
Enterprise Medical Imaging in the Global South: Challenges and Opportunities
 
Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...
Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...
Factors Influencing Co-Creation of Open Education Resources Using Learning Ob...
 
Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...
Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...
Discovering Insight from Scholarly Research Output in Higher Educational Inst...
 
DRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal Systems
DRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal SystemsDRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal Systems
DRGS OJS Training: Electronic Publishing Using Open Journal Systems
 
OJS Training: Users and User Roles
OJS Training: Users and User RolesOJS Training: Users and User Roles
OJS Training: Users and User Roles
 
OJS Training: Journal Settings and Configuration
OJS Training: Journal Settings and ConfigurationOJS Training: Journal Settings and Configuration
OJS Training: Journal Settings and Configuration
 
OJS Training: Managing The Submission Process
OJS Training: Managing The Submission ProcessOJS Training: Managing The Submission Process
OJS Training: Managing The Submission Process
 
OJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal Issues
OJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal IssuesOJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal Issues
OJS Training: Creating and Managing Journal Issues
 
Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...
Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...
Improved Discoverability of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Usi...
 
Using Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant Problems
Using Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant ProblemsUsing Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant Problems
Using Machine Learning Techniques for Solving Locally Relevant Problems
 
Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...
Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...
Effective Ingestion of Digital Objects in Institutional Repositories Using Su...
 
Institutional Repository Single Sources of Truth
Institutional Repository Single Sources of TruthInstitutional Repository Single Sources of Truth
Institutional Repository Single Sources of Truth
 
Improved Scholarly Communication Using Machine Learning
Improved Scholarly Communication Using Machine LearningImproved Scholarly Communication Using Machine Learning
Improved Scholarly Communication Using Machine Learning
 
Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...
Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...
Open Access Electronic Publishing for Increased Online Visibility: Tooling Ch...
 
A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...
A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...
A Multi-Faceted Multi-Stakeholder Approach for Increased Visibility of ETDs i...
 

Recently uploaded

Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Ashish Kohli
 
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
Sandy Millin
 
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana BuscigliopptxGroup Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
ArianaBusciglio
 
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxChapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Mohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Peter Windle
 
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
EugeneSaldivar
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
EverAndrsGuerraGuerr
 
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School DistrictPride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
David Douglas School District
 
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
heathfieldcps1
 
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Ashokrao Mane college of Pharmacy Peth-Vadgaon
 
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental DesignDigital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
amberjdewit93
 
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO PerspectiveAdvantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Krisztián Száraz
 
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityNatural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Akanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
 
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments UnitDigital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
chanes7
 
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide shareDRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
taiba qazi
 
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourNormal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
Wasim Ak
 
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in AmericaTop five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Bisnar Chase Personal Injury Attorneys
 
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodHow to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Celine George
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
camakaiclarkmusic
 
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleHow to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
Celine George
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
Aficamten in HCM (SEQUOIA HCM TRIAL 2024)
 
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
 
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana BuscigliopptxGroup Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
 
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxChapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
 
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...TESDA TM1 REVIEWER  FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
 
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School DistrictPride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
 
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
 
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
 
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental DesignDigital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
 
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO PerspectiveAdvantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
 
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityNatural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
 
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments UnitDigital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
 
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide shareDRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
 
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourNormal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
 
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in AmericaTop five deadliest dog breeds in America
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
 
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodHow to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
 
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleHow to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
 

Digital Libraries: Tools for Facilitating Access, Management and Preservation of Digital Content

  • 1. Digital Libraries Tools for Facilitating Access, Management and Preservation of Digital Content Lighton Phiri September 7, 2015
  • 2. Outline 1) Introduction 2) Motivation 3) Examples 4) Digital Libraries 5) Case Study 6) Summary 2
  • 3. Introduction We live in exciting times–-The Information Age Massive amount of data generated and digitised 1) Born digital data ◻ Data created electronically ◻ Contemporary manuscripts& monographs; Tweets& FB posts :) 2) Digitised data ◻ Data initially created in non-digital form ◻ Most content created before ‘The Information Age’ 3
  • 4. Why is Preservation Important? 4 Urgency to preserve delicate artifacts Massive born-digital content being generated
  • 9. Digital Libraries in Perspective DL sub-layers ■ User interface ■ Service layer ■ Storage layer DL fundamentals ■ Identifiers ■ Interoperability ■ Metadata ■ Standards 9
  • 11. Case study: open.uct.ac.za (2) open.uct.ac.za runs a DSpace instance–-a popular standards-based institutional repository software tool 11 DL sub-layers 1) User interface ◻ Web; CLI 2) Service layer ◻ Search, OAI-PMH 3) Storage layer ◻ Operating System and database DL fundamentals 1) Identifiers ◻ Handles 2) Interoperability ◻ OAI-PMH; SWord 3) Metadata ◻ Dublin Core 4) Standards ◻ OAI-PMH; SWord; DC
  • 12. Summary ■ Overview ◻ Introduction, motivation and problem ◻ Examples of DLs ■ DL in perspective ◻ DL aspects and fundametals ◻ Case study–-OpenUCT 12 User Interface Service Layer Storage Layer Identifiers X X Interoperability X Metadata X X Standards X X X
  • 13. Bibliography [1] Arms, William Y. (1995). "Key Concepts in the Architecture of the Digital Library". In: D-Lib Magazine. The Magazine of Digital Library Research 1.1. DOI: 10.1045/july95-arms. [2] Arms, William Y. (2001). "Libraries, Technology, and People". In: Digital Libraries. Ed. by William Y. Arms. 2nd. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Chap. Chapter 1, pp. 1–20. [3] Smith, MacKenzie, Mary Barton, Margret Branschofsky, Greg McClellan, Julie Harford Walker, Mick Bass, Dave Stuve, and Robert Tansley (2003). "DSpace. An Open Source Dynamic Digital Repository". In: D-Lib Magazine 9.1. DOI: 10.1045/january2003-smith [4] Suleman, Hussein (2007). "Digital LibrariesWithout Databases: The Bleek and Lloyd Collection". In: TPDL. Ed. by L´aszl ´o Kov´acs, Norbert Fuhr, and Carlo Meghini. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, pp. 392–403. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-74851-9_33. 13