What drives gender inequities in scientific career progression in Africa? A presentation by Millicent Liani at the Global Forum on Women in Scientific Research (GoFoWiSeR), Dakar, Senegal 2019
Causes and Consequences of International Mobility among STEM PhDs. Megan MacGarvie, Associate Professor, Markets, Public Policy and Law, Questrom School of Business, Boston University
What drives gender inequities in scientific career progression in Africa? A presentation by Millicent Liani at the Global Forum on Women in Scientific Research (GoFoWiSeR), Dakar, Senegal 2019
Causes and Consequences of International Mobility among STEM PhDs. Megan MacGarvie, Associate Professor, Markets, Public Policy and Law, Questrom School of Business, Boston University
TWO DECADES OF RESEARCH ON EARLY CAREER FACULTIES (ECFs): A BIBLIOMETRIC ANAL...Nader Ale Ebrahim
Early Career Faculties (ECFs) are an important demographic of university faculty population shaping the future of the institution and higher education, despite the challenges they face as new academics. Analysis of scholarly output on ECFs offers useful data to inform and aid both national policy formulations and institutional planning decisions especially in ECFs’ support and development. Peer-reviewed high impact journals and academic databases provide highly valid and reliable sources of data and information on ECFs. This study examines the trend of ECFs research over two decades comparing scholarly output and research impact across global regions, in Web of Science and Scopus Elsevier. The bibliometric analysis highlights key topics of research and publications related to ECFs and identify the regions and countries most actively research on the topic. The trend of research on ECFs has been found to increase exponentially beginning the 1990s worldwide, mostly from western institutions (76%). Publications after the year 2012 focused more on issues related to ECFs’ preparation towards life in academia, their motivation, and challenges, the support structure for ECFs and strategies to adapt to life as faculty members. Such bibliometric analysis findings can be a useful reference for policy formulation within national or regional systems of higher education, and institutional strategic planning.
Challenges Confronting Scientific Research A Systematic Reviewijtsrd
Background The basis of scientific research is gaining knowledge and in its use, often to improve the communities and the world. Therefore, high quality research can play a critical and important role in communities development. The main objective of this survey was to explore the existing challenges that facing scientific research as well as to propose some suggestions that can help to overcome these obstacles. Methodology It was a literature review, in which systematic reviews of published studies and meta analysis were utilized. Data was collected from different sources nationally and internationally. A total of 181 articles related to the review title were accessed. After secondary reviewing, 138 articles had been excluded either by their titles which were found to be not related directly to our topic, or because the abstracts or full text were considering an individual predictors. The remaining 43 full text articles had been accessed and evaluated for eligibility based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Therefore, only 16 studies were included in the systematic review and meta analysis during the period from September, 2018 to January 2019. The databases that used were PubMed, Google Scholar, SAGE and Academic Search Complete Magazines and Journals EBSCO . Results Out of forty three articles that had been reviewed, sixteen studies were included in the meta analysis. This review revealed that the most major challenges that face research had been grouped into four main groups. These groups include scarcity of resources and funding, lack of motivation, lack of training, guidance and supervision, organizational obstacles and difficulties when collecting data. Conclusion Considering the result of the research, the major challenges that facing research include scarcity of resources and funding, lack of motivation, lack of training, guidance and supervision, organizational obstacles and difficulties for obtaining data, which is accompanied by low demand for research by stakeholders. Research capacity building courses, collaboration and networking opportunities are urgently needed. Additionally, it was suggested that the two key ways to encourage strong research studies would involve rethinking the rewards system and building more transparency into the research process beside getting ways to increase grants for running the costs. Motivation and effective learning and training are also to be considered. Dr. Abdullah Aedh | Dr. Nahid Khalil Elfaki ""Challenges Confronting Scientific Research: A Systematic Review"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23578.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/23578/challenges-confronting-scientific-research-a-systematic-review/dr-abdullah-aedh
Presentation by Jess Tyndall on grey literature and health research at the Where is the evidence conference 2013 held at the State Library of Victoria, Melbourne, 11 November 2013.
Jess Tyndall is Head, Gus Fraenkel Medical Library, Flinders University
Use academic research_by_public_sector_ cherney_gl_conf_2013GreyLitStrategies
Dr Adrian Cherney from the University of Queensland presented some recent findings from an ARC Linkage project investigating the utilisation of social science research in policy development at the Where is the evidence conference 2013 in Melbourne, 11 November 2013.
More information on this project which has many aspects to it is available at http://www.issr.uq.edu.au/ebp-home
WHY WE NEED EU-FUNDED PROJECTS?
The case of the Czech Republic:
- In 2012 % of women in research the lowest since 2001 when sex-disaggregated statistics started to be collected
- Limited policy support for gender equality in research and innovation
- No policy or strategy
- No dedicated programme or funding
- Responsible stakeholders neglect the issue
- Limited awareness of gender issues in research
- Limited expertise in state and public administration
- No activity in research performing or funding organizations
EU-funded structural change projects are a crucial instrument to start institutional changes
Learn, share, educate, “funding” leverage, legitimacy of topic
CONTENTS
New mentoring programme for PhD students and postdocs
Milada Paulova Award 2014
Gender Expert Chamber of the Czech Republic to launch in 2015
NKC calls on rectors to take a firm stance against sexist culture in academia
The Ombudsman to address reconciliation personal and professional life of scientists
3rd National Conference discusses how to achieve fair science
Book release
Sex in her eyes: NKC debate on sexual harassment at universities
Retirement without gratitude?: NKC debate on the gender dimension
of the Czech pension system
The Centre has grown bigger!
Study on gender misattributions in citations of scientific papers - female-turned-male errors are more common than the reverse, but there is not a lot of mistakes in general
TWO DECADES OF RESEARCH ON EARLY CAREER FACULTIES (ECFs): A BIBLIOMETRIC ANAL...Nader Ale Ebrahim
Early Career Faculties (ECFs) are an important demographic of university faculty population shaping the future of the institution and higher education, despite the challenges they face as new academics. Analysis of scholarly output on ECFs offers useful data to inform and aid both national policy formulations and institutional planning decisions especially in ECFs’ support and development. Peer-reviewed high impact journals and academic databases provide highly valid and reliable sources of data and information on ECFs. This study examines the trend of ECFs research over two decades comparing scholarly output and research impact across global regions, in Web of Science and Scopus Elsevier. The bibliometric analysis highlights key topics of research and publications related to ECFs and identify the regions and countries most actively research on the topic. The trend of research on ECFs has been found to increase exponentially beginning the 1990s worldwide, mostly from western institutions (76%). Publications after the year 2012 focused more on issues related to ECFs’ preparation towards life in academia, their motivation, and challenges, the support structure for ECFs and strategies to adapt to life as faculty members. Such bibliometric analysis findings can be a useful reference for policy formulation within national or regional systems of higher education, and institutional strategic planning.
Challenges Confronting Scientific Research A Systematic Reviewijtsrd
Background The basis of scientific research is gaining knowledge and in its use, often to improve the communities and the world. Therefore, high quality research can play a critical and important role in communities development. The main objective of this survey was to explore the existing challenges that facing scientific research as well as to propose some suggestions that can help to overcome these obstacles. Methodology It was a literature review, in which systematic reviews of published studies and meta analysis were utilized. Data was collected from different sources nationally and internationally. A total of 181 articles related to the review title were accessed. After secondary reviewing, 138 articles had been excluded either by their titles which were found to be not related directly to our topic, or because the abstracts or full text were considering an individual predictors. The remaining 43 full text articles had been accessed and evaluated for eligibility based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Therefore, only 16 studies were included in the systematic review and meta analysis during the period from September, 2018 to January 2019. The databases that used were PubMed, Google Scholar, SAGE and Academic Search Complete Magazines and Journals EBSCO . Results Out of forty three articles that had been reviewed, sixteen studies were included in the meta analysis. This review revealed that the most major challenges that face research had been grouped into four main groups. These groups include scarcity of resources and funding, lack of motivation, lack of training, guidance and supervision, organizational obstacles and difficulties when collecting data. Conclusion Considering the result of the research, the major challenges that facing research include scarcity of resources and funding, lack of motivation, lack of training, guidance and supervision, organizational obstacles and difficulties for obtaining data, which is accompanied by low demand for research by stakeholders. Research capacity building courses, collaboration and networking opportunities are urgently needed. Additionally, it was suggested that the two key ways to encourage strong research studies would involve rethinking the rewards system and building more transparency into the research process beside getting ways to increase grants for running the costs. Motivation and effective learning and training are also to be considered. Dr. Abdullah Aedh | Dr. Nahid Khalil Elfaki ""Challenges Confronting Scientific Research: A Systematic Review"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23578.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/23578/challenges-confronting-scientific-research-a-systematic-review/dr-abdullah-aedh
Presentation by Jess Tyndall on grey literature and health research at the Where is the evidence conference 2013 held at the State Library of Victoria, Melbourne, 11 November 2013.
Jess Tyndall is Head, Gus Fraenkel Medical Library, Flinders University
Use academic research_by_public_sector_ cherney_gl_conf_2013GreyLitStrategies
Dr Adrian Cherney from the University of Queensland presented some recent findings from an ARC Linkage project investigating the utilisation of social science research in policy development at the Where is the evidence conference 2013 in Melbourne, 11 November 2013.
More information on this project which has many aspects to it is available at http://www.issr.uq.edu.au/ebp-home
WHY WE NEED EU-FUNDED PROJECTS?
The case of the Czech Republic:
- In 2012 % of women in research the lowest since 2001 when sex-disaggregated statistics started to be collected
- Limited policy support for gender equality in research and innovation
- No policy or strategy
- No dedicated programme or funding
- Responsible stakeholders neglect the issue
- Limited awareness of gender issues in research
- Limited expertise in state and public administration
- No activity in research performing or funding organizations
EU-funded structural change projects are a crucial instrument to start institutional changes
Learn, share, educate, “funding” leverage, legitimacy of topic
CONTENTS
New mentoring programme for PhD students and postdocs
Milada Paulova Award 2014
Gender Expert Chamber of the Czech Republic to launch in 2015
NKC calls on rectors to take a firm stance against sexist culture in academia
The Ombudsman to address reconciliation personal and professional life of scientists
3rd National Conference discusses how to achieve fair science
Book release
Sex in her eyes: NKC debate on sexual harassment at universities
Retirement without gratitude?: NKC debate on the gender dimension
of the Czech pension system
The Centre has grown bigger!
Study on gender misattributions in citations of scientific papers - female-turned-male errors are more common than the reverse, but there is not a lot of mistakes in general
Within occupation wage dispersion and task inequalityGRAPE
We argue that the distribution of tasks affects wage inequality within occupations. We show that occupations with more routine tasks, particularly cognitive, tend to show higher wage dispersion at the top and at the bottom of the income distribution.
Getting things right: optimal tax policy with labor market dualityGilbert Mbara
We develop a dynamic general equilibrium model in which firms evade the employer contribution component of social security taxes by offering some workers non-formal contracts. When calibrated, the model yields estimates of dual labor market participation consistent with empirical evidence for the EU14 countries and the US. We investigate the optimal mix of the avoidable and unavoidable components of labor taxes and analyze the fiscal and macroeconomics effects of bringing the composition to the welfare optimum. We find that partial labor tax evasion makes tax revenues more elastic, but full tax compliance is not necessarily a welfare enhancing policy mix.
Political (In)Stability of Pension System ReformsGRAPE
We analyze the political stability of welfare enhancing privatization of the social security. We consider an economy populated by overlapping generations, who vote on abolishing the funded system and replacing it with the pay-as-you-go scheme, i.e. “unprivatizing” the pension system. We show that even if abolishing the system reduces overall welfare, the distribution of benefits across cohorts along the transition path implies that some ways of “unprivatizing” social security are always politically favored
W poszukiwaniu optymalnego sposobu wprowadzenia lara kapitałowegoGRAPE
Joanna Tyrowicz i Krzysztof Makarski
oraz Marcin Bielecki, Marcin Waniek i Jan Woznica
Group for Research in Applied Economics
Konferencja D lugoterminowe Oszczedzanie - SGH - 2016
Gender differences in societal orientation and output of individual scientistsInge van der Weijden
Presentation at the STI 2014 conference
Gender differences in societal orientation and output of individual scientists
Authors: Inge van der Weijden, Zohreh Zahedi, Ulle Must and Ingeborg Meijer
Scientists and Public Communication: A Report on NC State University Research...Jacques Nemo
This report emerges from data collected as part of the master’s thesis work of the author as a
graduate student at North Carolina State University. It also reflects his particular interest in public
communication of science and technology, specifically the views and behavior of scientists
regarding public engagement (PE).
The report is based on data of an online survey of researchers working at North Carolina
State University (NCSU) in Raleigh, NC, United States.
The sociopolitics of deaf students' access to higher educationErnst Thoutenhoofd
Presentation by Ernst D. Thoutenhoofd and Beppie van den Bogaerde at the Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Conference 2010, Vienna, 14–16 July 2010.
Gender biases in research funding. Recommendations for achieving gender equalitySUPERA project
Presentation held by M. Pilar López Sancho (Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid - CSIC) during the conference "Structural gender change at universities and research funding organizations", an event of H2020 project SUPERA. Madrid, 16/11/2018
Ten Ways you can Support Undergraduate Research in STEM and BeyondCIEE
This session will focus on steps study abroad professionals can implement before, during, and after a student's study abroad experience to support undergraduate research abroad. Panelists will provide an overview of the state of support for undergraduate research, and, based on the strengths and weaknesses of current practice, make 10 suggestions to improve the research experience for students studying abroad. Attendees will be able to understand current successes and challenges in supporting students as they conduct research during study abroad and identify ways study abroad professionals can help.
Gender bias in research agenda-setting and programme & project evaluationSUPERA project
Presentation held by Maxime Forest (SciencesPo) during the webinar "A closer look to unconscious bias and what RFOs can do", organised by SUPERA on 16 December 2021.
More info are available here: https://www.superaproject.eu/a-closer-look-at-unconscious-bias-and-what-rfos-can-do/
1279 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS A COMPARISON BETWEEN .docxmoggdede
1279
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS: A COMPARISON
BETWEEN FOCUS-GROUP AND IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW
Zaharia Rodica Milena
Bucharest University of Eonomics, Romania, Faculty of International Business and Economics,
[email protected], Tel.:+40 21 319 19 90, tel. +40 0722179201
Grundey Dainora
Vilnius University, Kaunas Faculty of Humanities, [email protected], Tel.: +370 37 425 462,
Fax: +370 37 423 222
Stancu Alin
Bucharest University of Economics, Faculty of Marketing, [email protected], Tel.:+40 21 319 19 90
Qualitative research methods tend to be used more and more in academic research. The cost for these
methods is quite low and the results may be very interesting and useful for many fields of study. However,
the utility and the characteristic of qualitative research methods differ from subject to subject and from
discipline to discipline. This paper comes close to a comparison of two qualitative research methods
(focus-group and in-depth interview) used in investigating the opinion of academics, analyzing by
comparison the results founded in a research conducted in the Bucharest University of Economics using
focus group and in-depth interviews. The conclusions of the study reveal that apart of the limits states in
the literature, there are other elements that can contribute to obtaining unrealistic results.
Key words: Qualitative research methods, focus group, in-depth interview, academic research
Introduction
Rapid social change and the diversity of the world have contributed on a large scale to the diversification
of research methods. Limits of quantitative research methods have determined orientation to the qualitative
instruments which are more reliable in certain circumstances. There are many virtues of qualitative
research that determine a lot of researchers to manifest preference for these kinds of methods: are the
correct choice of appropriate methods and theories, the recognition and analysis of different perspectives,
the researchers’ reflections on their research as part of the process of knowledge production, and the
variety of approaches and methods (Flick, 2002:4). Qualitative research explain how it may be useful for
exploring “why” rather “how many”.
There are various types of instruments used to collect data for qualitative research. Focus groups and in-
depth interviews are among the most utilize instruments that researchers are using in collecting their data.
Focus group implies a group discussion in order to identify perceptions, thoughts and impressions of a
selected group of people regarding a specific topic of investigations (Kairuz, Crump and O’Brien, 2007).
Discussion should be perceived by the participants as no-threatening and free to express any kind of
opinion, no matter if this opinion is shared or not by the other participants. Focus groups generate valuable
information, especially when the participants represent small groups of interest, ignored by the quantitative ...
Interdisciplinary Research Collaborations: Evaluation of a Funding ProgramNadine Rons
Rons, N., PRESENTATION at the Sixth International Conference on Webometrics, Informetrics and Scientometrics (WIS) and Eleventh COLLNET Meeting. University of Mysore, Mysore, India, 19-22 October, 2010
An overview of ethical research practices by Malcolm MacLean, Chair of UoG Research Ethics Committee.
Reader in the Culture & History of Sport, Faculty of Applied Sciences
Criminology Educators Triumphs and StrugglesYogeshIJTSRD
This research study is geared on determining the triumphs and struggles of criminology educators. Included on the aim is to know their experiences and story being considered as teacher by accident. A qualitative research design was applied in this study. Researchers conducted a personal interview with the respondents with the aid of a guide questions which all points to main issue of this study. The findings of the study revealed that out of seven respondents, four are on the age bracket of 21 to 25 years old, two respondents are on the age bracket of 26 to 30 years old and a single respondent is on the age bracket of 36 to 40 years. Most of the respondents find enthusiasm in teaching and are aware that there is a need for them to proceed in post graduate studies for them to have a considerable salary. As to financial stability, only 1out of 7 considers herself as financially stable. The rest are saying that as of the moment, they are not yet financially stable basing on the rate of their salary. Qualification matters a lot in the field of academe because this was being shared by one of the respondents who considers herself as financially stable. Also, all of the respondents do not consider teaching as their first career of choice but most of them does not have any plan of shifting to another career. Girlie N. Cañete | Harry Santiago P. Achas | Pamela N. Cañete "Criminology Educators: Triumphs and Struggles" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45082.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/45082/criminology-educators-triumphs-and-struggles/girlie-n-cañete
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Revisiting gender board diversity and firm performanceGRAPE
Cel: oszacować wpływ inkluzywności władz spółek na ich wyniki.
Co wiemy?
• Większość firm nie ma równosci płci w organach (ILO, 2015)
• Większość firm nie ma w ogóle kobiet we władzach
Demographic transition and the rise of wealth inequalityGRAPE
We study the contribution of rising longevity to the rise of wealth inequality in the U.S. over the last seventy years. We construct an OLG model with multiple sources of inequality, closely calibrated to the data. Our main finding is that improvements in old-age longevity explain about 30% of the observed rise in wealth inequality. This magnitude is similar to previously emphasized channels associated with income inequality and the tax system. The contribution of demographics is bound to raise wealth inequality further in the decades to come.
(Gender) tone at the top: the effect of board diversity on gender inequalityGRAPE
The research explores to what extent the presence of women on board affects gender inequality downstream. We find that increasing presence reduces gender inequality. To avoid reverse causality, we propose a new instrument: the share of household consumption in total output. We extend the analysis to recover the effect of a single woman on board (tokenism(
Gender board diversity spillovers and the public eyeGRAPE
A range of policy recommendations mandating gender board quotas is based on the idea that "women help women". We analyze potential gender diversity spillovers from supervisory to top managerial positions over three decades in Europe. Contrary to previous studies which worked with stock listed firms or were region locked, we use a large data base of roughly 2 000 000 firms. We find evidence that women do not help women in corporate Europe, unless the firm is stock listed. Only within public firms, going from no woman to at least one woman on supervisory position is associated with a 10-15% higher probability of appointing at least one woman to the executive position. This pattern aligns with various managerial theories, suggesting that external visibility influences corporate gender diversity practices. The study implies that diversity policies, while impactful in public firms, have limited
effectiveness in promoting gender diversity in corporate Europe.
Tone at the top: the effects of gender board diversity on gender wage inequal...GRAPE
We address the gender wage gap in Europe, focusing on the impact of female representation in executive and non-executive boards. We use a novel dataset to identify gender board diversity across European firms, which covers a comprehensive sample of private firms in addition to publicly listed ones. Our study spans three waves of the Structure of Earnings Survey, covering 26 countries and multiple industries. Despite low prevalence of female representation and the complex nature of gender wage inequality, our findings reveal a robust causal link: increased gender diversity significantly decreases the adjusted gender wage gap. We also demonstrate that to meaningfully impact gender wage gaps, the presence of a single female representative in leadership is insufficient.
Gender board diversity spillovers and the public eyeGRAPE
A range of policy recommendations mandating gender board quotas is based on the idea that "women help women". We analyze potential gender diversity spillovers from supervisory to top managerial positions over three decades in Europe. Contrary to previous studies which worked with stock listed firms or were region locked, we use a large data base of roughly 2 000 000 firms. We find evidence that women do not help women in corporate Europe, unless the firm is stock listed. Only within public firms, going from no woman to at least one woman on supervisory position is associated with a 10-15\% higher probability of appointing at least one woman to the executive position. This pattern aligns with the Public Eye Managerial Theory, suggesting that external visibility influences corporate gender diversity practices. The study implies that diversity policies, while impactful in public firms, have limited effectiveness in promoting gender diversity in corporate Europe.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large New Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economies, we use this model to provide comparative statics across past and contemporaneous age structures of the working population. Thus, we quantify the extent to which the response of labor markets to adverse TFP shocks and monetary policy shocks becomes muted with the aging of the working population. Our findings have important policy implications for European labor markets and beyond. For example, the working population is expected to further age in Europe, whereas the share of young workers will remain robust in the US. Our results suggest a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle. Furthermore, with the aging population, lowering inflation volatility is less costly in terms of higher unemployment volatility. It suggests that optimal monetary policy should be more hawkish in the older society.
Evidence concerning inequality in ability to realize aspirations is prevalent: overall, in specialized segments of the labor market, in self-employment and high-aspirations environments. Empirical literature and public debate are full of case studies and comprehensive empirical studies documenting the paramount gap between successful individuals (typically ethnic majority men) and those who are less likely to “make it” (typically ethnic minority and women). So far the drivers of these disparities and their consequences have been studied much less intensively, due to methodological constraints and shortage of appropriate data. This project proposes significant innovations to overcome both types of barriers and push the frontier of the research agenda on equality in reaching aspirations.
Overall, project is interdisciplinary, combining four fields: management, economics, quantitative methods and psychology. An important feature of this project is that it offers a diversified methodological perspective, combining applied microeconometrics, as well as experimental methods.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
3. WP 1: Grants
• GOAL: Analysis of differences and similarities in applying for
and receiving research funding by men and women (gendered
success rate), their reasons in various disciplines in Norway and
Poland.
• The qualitative study based on 19 interviews, including 3 with
representatives of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education,
one with a representative of the Council of Young Scientist and
15 with experts responsible for assessment of grant
applications and projects financed by the NCN, NCBiR, FNP and
the Ministry, representing technical and hard sciences,
humanities and social sciences.
• The desk research and quantitative analysis of existing data
concerning funding for research (including databases from
NCN, NCBiR and FNP).
3
4. WP 1: GRANTS
Beneficiaries of Polish National Science Centre grants received in 2013
women men
Source: Statystyki konkursow 2013. NCN
4
6. In years 2012, 2013 and 2014 women have constituted respectively
45%, 46% and 47% among applicants. Their proportion has been
lower among receivers: 42%, 41%, 45%.
In years 2012-2014 gender success rate has been lower in the case
of women: respectively 19%, 20%, 15%; in case of men: 22%, 25%,
17%.
The proportions varied depending on the type of competition. In
PRELUDIUM women constituted more than half of receivers. In other
varied from 9% (MAESTRO in 2014) to 51% (FUGA, SONATA in 2013).
Women dominated among young applicants (below 25 and 26-30).
However, women have constituted only more than half among grant
receivers aged 26-30 in 2012 and 2014, in 2013 - among receivers
aged below 25.
Young women’s activity in applying for grants is in opposition to
prevailing stereotype that women are passive or focused on
motherhood, not career.
6
7. Success rate in receiving grants/stipends of the Foundation for
Polish Science (FNP) depended on a type of competition.
Between 7-14%, usually a few percent lower among women.
30-40% of the successful grant/scholarship receivers worked in
higher education institutions classified in national rankings as
belonging to the highest quintile.
Relatively large number of awarded scientists is working in
institutions located in Warsaw and Krakow.
However, it partially depends on the area of the competition; some
specialized institutions are in other cities and in this case many
grants are located in e.g. Wroclaw or the Silesia region.
7
8. Analysis of data of the National Center of Research and
Development was more complicated - large part of financing is
allocated to consortia, and names (as well as gender) of involved
persons are not mentioned.
The highest percentage of women is engaged in activities connected
with commercialisation of results of research findings (23%), in
international projects (21%), in applied research (21%), strategic
sector (19%) and in the area of defence and security (7%).
Among those who received LIDER grants (submitted by individuals:
803 applications in 5 editions), women had lower Hirsch index, less
publications and their work has been less often cited than that of
men. The mentioned differences between men and women have
been smaller among those whose applications have been rejected.
Female grant receivers in LIDER most often represented Polish
Academy of Science.
8
9. Women constituted 32% among 1017 of listed experts.
48% full professors, 38% associate professors, 13% assistant
professors and 1% professors working abroad. Women have
been mostly present among assistant professors.
The experts have been working in different types of
institutions: 77% in higher education institutions, 16% in the
Polish Academy of Science, 0.5% in research institutions, 5%
in other Polish institutions, 1.7% abroad.
Almost the same number of experts has been recruited from
higher education institutions classified in quintiles 1 to 4 and
from institutions belonging to the lowest quintile 5 (general
ranking where “1”=top 20% of the best higher education
institutions, “5”=20% of the worst ones).
The largest group of experts was working in the higher
education institutions of the ”4” quintile.
9
10. The Foundation of Polish Science (FNP) organized several
competitions addressed to scientists in different stages of
their academic careers, representing various disciplines,
working in Poland and coming back from abroad to continue
their careers in the country, returning to work after parental
leave (the description of the competitions in separate
document).
Just as in the case of NCN, women were a minority among
reviewers of the FNP.
Female reviewers constituted 25% in the program Ventures
(in 2011-2015), 18% in the program START (2012-2014),
28% in the program KOLUMB (2012), 22% in the program
POMOST (2011-2013), 17% in the program HOMING PLUS
and HOMING Plus Bis (2011-2013), 13% in the program TEAM
(2011-2012).
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11. Despite the critical remarks with regard to specific solutions,
a great majority of the respondents described the existing
research grant system as substantive and transparent.
The respondents indicated that in the recent years,
improvements have been observed in terms of management
of funds for science, and the quality of the assessment
processes has increased.
It was underlined that the existing solutions rewarded the
best projects, while gender was of no significance.
All respondents described the process of assessment of grant
applications as referring to substantive issues, in which
conflict of interests or discrimination has been avoided. In the
last few years, a change of customs has been observed in this
regard, increasing the transparency of the process.
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12. It was emphasized that the quality of the process of reviewer selection was a
key factor, exerting impact on the substance of the assessment process.
In this regard, institutions that finance science in Poland represent various
levels of implementation of the external reviewing procedures. Selection of
reviewers takes place on the basis of different rules, depending on the
institution or grant program.
In most situations, after the formal assessment and acceptance by the expert
panel, the project is sent to two independent reviewers (three in case of FNP)
Importance is attached to the competences of the reviewer in the field
subject to the application, but, more often than not it is not possible to find
a reviewer to match the scientific discipline or project topic.
Lack of access to dependable and well qualified reviewers often mentioned in
the interviews.
Most of the funding institutions are not willing to invest in this process,
preferring to spend money on research.
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13. Gender is not taken into account in any way while reviewing
grant applications.
However, one female expert pointed out that grant
applications with strong gender perspective might be rejected
by conservative reviewers.
The issue of gender inequality in science has never been
raised and discussed during the official meetings of the
councils of the main research funding institutions in Poland.
Most experts were not sure whether it should be.
In some cases the family situation is taken into account when
evaluating the productivity of the candidate – in case of
women who had children the breaks in publication and
research activity can be justified.
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14. Both women and men are against positive gender
discrimination or grants lines only for women, introducing
gender quotas in recruitment procedures of scientists and
students, as well as promoting faculty members, board
members and.
Respondents assumed that in case of young male and female
scientists, the success factors are the same: intellectual
abilities, passion, willingness to work hard, lack of high
financial expectations, good interpersonal skills, the ability of
self-presentation.
The crucial role of mentor, who support, guide and engage in
research projects, joint publications, etc.
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15. “Science has no gender”, “No opinion” (men, woman)
No proof of institutional discrimination of women in science.
The discussions on potential reforms have to be based on in-
depth diagnosis of the current situation (men)
Gender stereotypes and gendered socialization means that
female scientists are less sure of their achievements (women,
man)
The differences in performance of young scientists are
perceived as related to individual differences, not gender
(women, men)
Some respondent mentioned that the cultural expectations
and lack of support push women out of their career path
when they become mothers
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16. The problem is a private matter, which should be solved by
parents (woman)
Introduce solutions that would help make scientific career
compatible with childcare and family duties.
The accessible institutional childcare should be provided by
non-academic (women, men) or academic institutions
(woman)
The procedures regulating the implementation of research
grants should be much more “sensitive” to family situation of
a grant receiver. For example, the costs of childcare services
included in the budget of the project (e.g. during extensive
fieldwork, conferences, etc.) (woman)
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17. Men and women are in favor of regulations “sensitive” to
family situation of grant applicants.
◦ The extended period of eligibility to apply for research grants in
case of maternity and child care leave.
◦ The suspension of research in the grant for the period of
maternity and child care leave.
Promotion of gender equality in hard sciences and
engineering (e.g. “Girls as Engineers!” campaign).
The research grants awarded by the Polish Science
Foundation (FNP) in the frame of the “POMOST” program
directed to the scientists, who have small children and want
to return to full professional activity after maternity or
parental leave.
Mentoring program for women in engineering existing in a
few technical universities in Poland.
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