The document discusses the utility and limitations of diagrams. It notes that diagrams are an attractive and effective means of presentation that make data simple and intelligible, facilitate comparison, and save time and labor. However, diagrams are complementary to tables and not substitutes, have difficulty showing very minute differences, and only allow for comparative study if the data is similar. The document also categorizes diagrams as one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, or pictograms/maps and provides examples of types within each category.

2. UTILITY OF DIAGRAMS
1. ATTRACTIVE & EFFECTIVE MEANS OF
PRESENTATION
2. TO MAKE DATA SIMPLE & INTELLIGIBLE
3. TO FACILITATE COMPARISON
4. SAVING OF TIME & LABOUR
5. UNIVERSAL UTILITY

3. LIMITATIONS OF DIAGRAMS
1. DIAGRAMS ARE COMPLEMENTARY TO TABLE
& NOT SUBSTITUTES
2. DIFFICULT TO SHOW VERY MINUTE
DIFFERENCE
3. COMPARATIVE STUDY POSSIBLE ONLY IF
DATA IS SIMILAR
4. DATA TO BE SHOWN TO THE NEAREST
VALUEUSEFUL FOR ONLY COMMON MAN

4. KINDS OF
DIAGRAMS
ONE- DIMENSIONAL
TWO-DIMENSIONAL
THREE-DIMENSIONAL
PICTOGRAMS OR
PICTURES
CARTOGRAMS OR
MAPS

5. ONE-
DIMENSIONAL
LINE DIAGRAM
SIMPLE BAR
DIAGRAM
MULTIPLE BAR
DIAGRAM
SUB-DIVIDED BAR
DIAGRAM
PERCENTAGE SUB-
DIVIDED BAR
DIAGRAM
DUO-DIRECTIONAL
BAR DIAGRAM

6. TWO-
DIMENSIONAL
RECTANGULAR
SIMPLE
RECTANGULAR
SUB-DIVIDED
RECTANGLES
PERCENTAGE
SUB-DIVIDED
RECTANGLES
SQUARE
CIRCULAR
OR PIE
SIMPLE
CIRCULAR
ANGULAR