This document provides homework problems from the ECET 365 course at DeVry University related to communication networks. It includes problems about defining terms related to master-slave and multi-drop network topologies. It also asks about comparing and contrasting terms, calculating maximum data rates based on bandwidth and SNR, and describing how ACK bits and error handling work in CAN networks. Further problems involve describing optimal CAN protocol configurations and timing for different microcontroller communication scenarios.
The document discusses bandwidth utilization techniques including multiplexing and spreading. Multiplexing allows simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link by dividing the bandwidth into channels. Efficiency is achieved through multiplexing while privacy and anti-jamming is achieved through spreading techniques that add redundancy such as frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum. The document provides examples and figures to illustrate concepts such as frequency-division multiplexing, time-division multiplexing, and digital signal hierarchies.
The document discusses different types of switched networks, including circuit-switched networks, datagram networks, and virtual-circuit networks. It provides examples of how each type can be used and their characteristics. The document also describes the structure of switches used in different network types, including crossbar switches, multistage switches, time-slot interchange switches, and banyan switches. Key aspects like resource reservation, routing, addressing, and delays are compared between the different network types.
The document discusses various topics related to digital transmission including:
1. Digital-to-digital conversion techniques like line coding, block coding, and scrambling that are used to represent digital data with digital signals. Line coding is always needed while block coding and scrambling may or may not be needed.
2. Analog-to-digital conversion techniques like pulse code modulation (PCM) and delta modulation that are used to convert analog signals to digital data. PCM involves sampling, quantization, and encoding of analog signals.
3. Transmission modes including parallel transmission of multiple bits together and serial transmission of one bit at a time. Serial transmission can be asynchronous, synchronous, or isochronous depending
The document is a multiple choice quiz about concepts in network layer data and routing. It contains questions about IP fragmentation when sending large datagrams, the locations where queuing can occur in a router, and how tunneling allows IPv6 packets to be sent over an IPv4 network.
The document provides an overview of SONET (Synchronous Optical Networking) and SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) architectures and technologies. It describes the four layers of SONET (path, line, section, photonic), SONET frame structure including overhead bytes, and how lower-rate STS frames are multiplexed into higher-rate frames. It also discusses different types of SONET networks including linear, ring and mesh, as well as the use of virtual tributaries to transport digital signals of different rates over SONET.
This document contains examples and explanations about data and signals in computer networks. It discusses measuring bandwidth, bit rates for different applications like downloading text, digitized voice, and HDTV. It also covers bandwidth and capacity, throughput calculation, propagation and transmission delay, and the bandwidth-delay product. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate bit rates, propagation time, transmission time, latency, throughput, and more.
Here is the presentation for Physical Layer Numericals from the book Andrew S. Tanenbaum (Computer Networks) and B A Forouzan ( Data Communication and Networking)
This document provides homework problems from the ECET 365 course at DeVry University related to communication networks. It includes problems about defining terms related to master-slave and multi-drop network topologies. It also asks about comparing and contrasting terms, calculating maximum data rates based on bandwidth and SNR, and describing how ACK bits and error handling work in CAN networks. Further problems involve describing optimal CAN protocol configurations and timing for different microcontroller communication scenarios.
The document discusses bandwidth utilization techniques including multiplexing and spreading. Multiplexing allows simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link by dividing the bandwidth into channels. Efficiency is achieved through multiplexing while privacy and anti-jamming is achieved through spreading techniques that add redundancy such as frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum. The document provides examples and figures to illustrate concepts such as frequency-division multiplexing, time-division multiplexing, and digital signal hierarchies.
The document discusses different types of switched networks, including circuit-switched networks, datagram networks, and virtual-circuit networks. It provides examples of how each type can be used and their characteristics. The document also describes the structure of switches used in different network types, including crossbar switches, multistage switches, time-slot interchange switches, and banyan switches. Key aspects like resource reservation, routing, addressing, and delays are compared between the different network types.
The document discusses various topics related to digital transmission including:
1. Digital-to-digital conversion techniques like line coding, block coding, and scrambling that are used to represent digital data with digital signals. Line coding is always needed while block coding and scrambling may or may not be needed.
2. Analog-to-digital conversion techniques like pulse code modulation (PCM) and delta modulation that are used to convert analog signals to digital data. PCM involves sampling, quantization, and encoding of analog signals.
3. Transmission modes including parallel transmission of multiple bits together and serial transmission of one bit at a time. Serial transmission can be asynchronous, synchronous, or isochronous depending
The document is a multiple choice quiz about concepts in network layer data and routing. It contains questions about IP fragmentation when sending large datagrams, the locations where queuing can occur in a router, and how tunneling allows IPv6 packets to be sent over an IPv4 network.
The document provides an overview of SONET (Synchronous Optical Networking) and SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) architectures and technologies. It describes the four layers of SONET (path, line, section, photonic), SONET frame structure including overhead bytes, and how lower-rate STS frames are multiplexed into higher-rate frames. It also discusses different types of SONET networks including linear, ring and mesh, as well as the use of virtual tributaries to transport digital signals of different rates over SONET.
This document contains examples and explanations about data and signals in computer networks. It discusses measuring bandwidth, bit rates for different applications like downloading text, digitized voice, and HDTV. It also covers bandwidth and capacity, throughput calculation, propagation and transmission delay, and the bandwidth-delay product. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate bit rates, propagation time, transmission time, latency, throughput, and more.
Here is the presentation for Physical Layer Numericals from the book Andrew S. Tanenbaum (Computer Networks) and B A Forouzan ( Data Communication and Networking)
The document discusses Ethernet networking. It describes how Ethernet uses CSMA/CD for channel access, with nodes listening before transmitting. It also describes the Ethernet frame format, including the preamble, addresses, type field, and data body. The document contrasts Ethernet with other shared access network technologies like token ring that use reservation or fixed assignment for channel access.
Physical Layer Numericals - Data Communication & NetworkingDrishti Bhalla
This document contains solutions to 29 questions related to digital communication concepts like channel capacity, bit rate, bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio, modulation techniques, and error detection. The questions cover topics such as calculating bit rate from bandwidth and SNR, determining maximum data rate using Shannon's formula, and computing bandwidth requirements for different modulation schemes.
This document discusses bandwidth utilization techniques including multiplexing and spreading. It begins by defining multiplexing as techniques that allow simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link. Specific multiplexing techniques discussed include frequency-division multiplexing, wavelength-division multiplexing, synchronous time-division multiplexing, and statistical time-division multiplexing. Spread spectrum techniques like frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum are also covered as ways to combine signals from different sources to prevent eavesdropping and jamming. Examples are provided to illustrate how these different bandwidth utilization techniques work.
Bandwidth utilization techniques like multiplexing and spreading can help efficiently use available bandwidth. Multiplexing allows simultaneous transmission of multiple signals over a single data link by techniques like frequency division multiplexing (FDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), and time division multiplexing (TDM). FDM divides the link into frequency channels. WDM is similar but uses light signals transmitted through fiber. TDM divides the link into timed slots and allows digital signals to share the bandwidth. Efficiency can be improved through techniques like multilevel multiplexing, multiple slot allocation, and pulse stuffing to handle disparities in data rates.
- Data can be analog or digital, with analog being continuous and digital having discrete states. Analog signals are also continuous while digital signals have a limited set of values.
- Periodic analog signals like sine waves can be simple or composite, with composite signals made up of multiple sine waves. Digital signals represent information as different voltage levels corresponding to bits.
- The bandwidth of a signal is the difference between its highest and lowest frequencies. It represents the range of frequencies the signal occupies.
The document discusses digital-to-analog and analog-to-analog conversion. It covers topics such as amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, phase shift keying, and quadrature amplitude modulation. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate bit rates, baud rates, carrier frequencies, and bandwidths for different modulation techniques including ASK, FSK, PSK, and QAM. Diagrams illustrate the constellations for various modulation schemes. Formulas are given for determining the bandwidth requirements of AM, FM, and PM.
This document discusses multiple access protocols for shared communication channels. It begins by explaining how data is framed and transmitted over shared links at the data link layer. It then covers three main categories of multiple access protocols: random access, controlled access, and channelization. Random access protocols like ALOHA and slotted ALOHA are described, as well as controlled access methods using reservation, polling, and token passing. Finally, channelization protocols for dividing access using frequency, time, or code (FDMA, TDMA, CDMA) are introduced. Examples are provided to illustrate load calculations and sequencing.
- Data can be analog or digital. Analog data are continuous and take continuous values, while digital data have discrete states and take discrete values.
- Signals can be analog or digital. Analog signals can have an infinite number of values in a range, while digital signals can only have a limited number of discrete values.
- Periodic analog signals include simple sine waves and composite signals made up of multiple sine waves. Nonperiodic signals do not repeat.
Ch4 1 Data communication and networking by neha g. kuraleNeha Kurale
This document discusses analog-to-digital conversion techniques, specifically pulse code modulation (PCM) and delta modulation. PCM consists of sampling an analog signal, quantizing the sample amplitudes into discrete levels, and encoding the levels into binary codes. The sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency in the signal according to the Nyquist theorem. Quantization introduces error but more levels reduce the error. Delta modulation encodes changes in signal amplitude rather than absolute levels. Serial transmission can be asynchronous, synchronous, or isochronous depending on whether start/stop bits are used and if gaps between frames are of fixed duration.
This document discusses multiplexing techniques for bandwidth utilization including frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), synchronous time-division multiplexing (TDM), and statistical time-division multiplexing. It provides examples of combining multiple analog or digital signals into a single transmission medium and discusses frame rates, bit rates, and slot durations. Diagrams illustrate concepts like FDM configuration, TDM frame structure, and the digital telephone hierarchy using T1 and E1 lines. The document also covers data rate management, synchronization, and potential bandwidth inefficiency when input links are unused.
The document discusses the evolution of Ethernet networking standards over time. It describes how IEEE Project 802 was started in 1985 to set standards for interconnecting equipment from different manufacturers. It then provides details on the original Standard Ethernet created in 1976 and its subsequent generations. The document also outlines changes to Standard Ethernet like bridging and switching. It discusses the Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet standards that succeeded Standard Ethernet by providing higher data rates of 100 Mbps and 1000 Mbps respectively.
This document discusses various analog transmission techniques for transmitting digital data. It covers digital-to-analog conversion methods like amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, and phase shift keying. It also discusses analog modulation techniques like amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation used to transmit analog signals over bandpass channels. Various examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like calculating bit rates, baud rates, and bandwidth requirements for different modulation schemes.
Ch3 1 Data communication and networkingNeha Kurale
This document discusses digital signals and their transmission. It explains that a digital signal can represent information using multiple voltage levels to encode bits. While a digital signal theoretically has infinite bandwidth, transmission requires modulation to use available bandpass channels. The bit rate of a baseband channel is proportional to its bandwidth, while modulation is needed to transmit digital signals over bandpass channels like telephone lines or cellular networks.
Ch5 Data communication and networking by neha g. kuraleNeha Kurale
This document discusses various methods for analog transmission of digital data, including digital-to-analog conversion. It describes amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). ASK encodes data by changing the amplitude of a carrier signal. FSK uses frequency changes to encode data. PSK varies the phase of the carrier signal to represent data. QAM combines ASK and PSK, encoding multiple bits onto orthogonal carriers. The document provides examples of calculating bit rates, baud rates and bandwidth requirements for different modulation techniques.
This document discusses multimedia and interactive audio/video technologies on the internet. It covers topics like digitizing audio and video, compression standards like JPEG and MPEG, streaming stored and live content, and protocols for interactive audio/video like RTP, RTCP, SIP, and H.323. Diagrams are included to illustrate concepts like frame construction, streaming approaches using web servers or media servers, and protocols for real-time communication and signaling.
In this we discuss about DATA RATE LIMITS
Two theoretical formulas were developed to calculate the data rate:
Nyquist bit rate for a noiseless channel
BitRate = 2 * bandwidth * log 2 L
2: Shannon Capacity for a noisy channel
Capacity = bandwidth * log 2 (1 + SNR)
...............
PERFORMANCE (Network PERFORMANCE) :
Bandwidth: ( Bandwidth in Hertz and Bandwidth in Bits per Seconds) :
Throughput:
These above topics covered in this slide
Thanks You!
This document discusses various digital-to-analog conversion techniques used in analog transmission of digital data. It describes amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). ASK encodes data by changing the amplitude of a carrier signal. FSK uses frequency changes to encode data while PSK varies the phase. QAM combines ASK and PSK, encoding multiple bits onto distinct signal points defined by amplitude and phase. The bandwidth requirements of these techniques are also examined along with examples of calculating bit rates from given parameters.
This document discusses the evolution of Ethernet technology over three generations from traditional Ethernet to Fast Ethernet to Gigabit Ethernet. It describes the MAC and physical layers of each generation and shows diagrams of their frame formats, implementations, and encoding techniques. Key aspects covered include Ethernet addressing, connection methods, bandwidth sharing, bridging, switching, full-duplex operation, and standards such as 802.3.
Self assessment true-false Quiz: Chapter 9 - Computer Networking a top-down A...Andy Juan Sarango Veliz
This document contains a true/false quiz with questions about multimedia networking concepts covered in Chapter 9, such as transport protocols for multimedia streaming, buffering, protocols like RTSP, RTP, RSVP, and content distribution networks. It tests knowledge of key elements like whether TCP or UDP is used to transport media streams, how playout and encoding changes work in RTP, throughput calculations in weighted fair queuing, and functions of protocols like SIP, RSVP, and CDNs.
09 Using Telephone_and_Cable_Networks_for_Data_TransmissionAhmar Hashmi
This document discusses using telephone and cable networks for data transmission. It covers telephone networks using circuit switching to transmit analog voice signals over copper wires. It describes components like local exchange carriers and signaling networks. It also covers using telephone lines for data transmission through dial-up modems and digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies. Finally, it discusses cable TV networks evolving from unidirectional video to bidirectional hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) networks capable of high-speed data transmission using standards like DOCSIS.
I am Norman H. I am a Computer Networking Assignment Expert at computernetworkassignmenthelp.com. I hold a Master's in Computer Science from, McMaster University, Canada. I have been helping students with their assignments for the past 15 years. I solve assignments related to Computer Networking.
Visit computernetworkassignmenthelp.com or email support@computernetworkassignmenthelp.com.
You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Computer Networking Assignment.
Ethernet uses CSMA/CD access method where nodes can sense carrier and detect collisions. It was first defined in 1978 and formed basis for IEEE 802.3 standard. It uses exponential backoff to retry transmission after collisions and is limited to 2500m to ensure collisions can be detected. Ethernet addresses are unique to each adapter and frames contain fields for source, destination, data and error checking.
The document discusses Ethernet networking. It describes how Ethernet uses CSMA/CD for channel access, with nodes listening before transmitting. It also describes the Ethernet frame format, including the preamble, addresses, type field, and data body. The document contrasts Ethernet with other shared access network technologies like token ring that use reservation or fixed assignment for channel access.
Physical Layer Numericals - Data Communication & NetworkingDrishti Bhalla
This document contains solutions to 29 questions related to digital communication concepts like channel capacity, bit rate, bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio, modulation techniques, and error detection. The questions cover topics such as calculating bit rate from bandwidth and SNR, determining maximum data rate using Shannon's formula, and computing bandwidth requirements for different modulation schemes.
This document discusses bandwidth utilization techniques including multiplexing and spreading. It begins by defining multiplexing as techniques that allow simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link. Specific multiplexing techniques discussed include frequency-division multiplexing, wavelength-division multiplexing, synchronous time-division multiplexing, and statistical time-division multiplexing. Spread spectrum techniques like frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum are also covered as ways to combine signals from different sources to prevent eavesdropping and jamming. Examples are provided to illustrate how these different bandwidth utilization techniques work.
Bandwidth utilization techniques like multiplexing and spreading can help efficiently use available bandwidth. Multiplexing allows simultaneous transmission of multiple signals over a single data link by techniques like frequency division multiplexing (FDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), and time division multiplexing (TDM). FDM divides the link into frequency channels. WDM is similar but uses light signals transmitted through fiber. TDM divides the link into timed slots and allows digital signals to share the bandwidth. Efficiency can be improved through techniques like multilevel multiplexing, multiple slot allocation, and pulse stuffing to handle disparities in data rates.
- Data can be analog or digital, with analog being continuous and digital having discrete states. Analog signals are also continuous while digital signals have a limited set of values.
- Periodic analog signals like sine waves can be simple or composite, with composite signals made up of multiple sine waves. Digital signals represent information as different voltage levels corresponding to bits.
- The bandwidth of a signal is the difference between its highest and lowest frequencies. It represents the range of frequencies the signal occupies.
The document discusses digital-to-analog and analog-to-analog conversion. It covers topics such as amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, phase shift keying, and quadrature amplitude modulation. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate bit rates, baud rates, carrier frequencies, and bandwidths for different modulation techniques including ASK, FSK, PSK, and QAM. Diagrams illustrate the constellations for various modulation schemes. Formulas are given for determining the bandwidth requirements of AM, FM, and PM.
This document discusses multiple access protocols for shared communication channels. It begins by explaining how data is framed and transmitted over shared links at the data link layer. It then covers three main categories of multiple access protocols: random access, controlled access, and channelization. Random access protocols like ALOHA and slotted ALOHA are described, as well as controlled access methods using reservation, polling, and token passing. Finally, channelization protocols for dividing access using frequency, time, or code (FDMA, TDMA, CDMA) are introduced. Examples are provided to illustrate load calculations and sequencing.
- Data can be analog or digital. Analog data are continuous and take continuous values, while digital data have discrete states and take discrete values.
- Signals can be analog or digital. Analog signals can have an infinite number of values in a range, while digital signals can only have a limited number of discrete values.
- Periodic analog signals include simple sine waves and composite signals made up of multiple sine waves. Nonperiodic signals do not repeat.
Ch4 1 Data communication and networking by neha g. kuraleNeha Kurale
This document discusses analog-to-digital conversion techniques, specifically pulse code modulation (PCM) and delta modulation. PCM consists of sampling an analog signal, quantizing the sample amplitudes into discrete levels, and encoding the levels into binary codes. The sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency in the signal according to the Nyquist theorem. Quantization introduces error but more levels reduce the error. Delta modulation encodes changes in signal amplitude rather than absolute levels. Serial transmission can be asynchronous, synchronous, or isochronous depending on whether start/stop bits are used and if gaps between frames are of fixed duration.
This document discusses multiplexing techniques for bandwidth utilization including frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), synchronous time-division multiplexing (TDM), and statistical time-division multiplexing. It provides examples of combining multiple analog or digital signals into a single transmission medium and discusses frame rates, bit rates, and slot durations. Diagrams illustrate concepts like FDM configuration, TDM frame structure, and the digital telephone hierarchy using T1 and E1 lines. The document also covers data rate management, synchronization, and potential bandwidth inefficiency when input links are unused.
The document discusses the evolution of Ethernet networking standards over time. It describes how IEEE Project 802 was started in 1985 to set standards for interconnecting equipment from different manufacturers. It then provides details on the original Standard Ethernet created in 1976 and its subsequent generations. The document also outlines changes to Standard Ethernet like bridging and switching. It discusses the Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet standards that succeeded Standard Ethernet by providing higher data rates of 100 Mbps and 1000 Mbps respectively.
This document discusses various analog transmission techniques for transmitting digital data. It covers digital-to-analog conversion methods like amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, and phase shift keying. It also discusses analog modulation techniques like amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation used to transmit analog signals over bandpass channels. Various examples are provided to illustrate key concepts like calculating bit rates, baud rates, and bandwidth requirements for different modulation schemes.
Ch3 1 Data communication and networkingNeha Kurale
This document discusses digital signals and their transmission. It explains that a digital signal can represent information using multiple voltage levels to encode bits. While a digital signal theoretically has infinite bandwidth, transmission requires modulation to use available bandpass channels. The bit rate of a baseband channel is proportional to its bandwidth, while modulation is needed to transmit digital signals over bandpass channels like telephone lines or cellular networks.
Ch5 Data communication and networking by neha g. kuraleNeha Kurale
This document discusses various methods for analog transmission of digital data, including digital-to-analog conversion. It describes amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). ASK encodes data by changing the amplitude of a carrier signal. FSK uses frequency changes to encode data. PSK varies the phase of the carrier signal to represent data. QAM combines ASK and PSK, encoding multiple bits onto orthogonal carriers. The document provides examples of calculating bit rates, baud rates and bandwidth requirements for different modulation techniques.
This document discusses multimedia and interactive audio/video technologies on the internet. It covers topics like digitizing audio and video, compression standards like JPEG and MPEG, streaming stored and live content, and protocols for interactive audio/video like RTP, RTCP, SIP, and H.323. Diagrams are included to illustrate concepts like frame construction, streaming approaches using web servers or media servers, and protocols for real-time communication and signaling.
In this we discuss about DATA RATE LIMITS
Two theoretical formulas were developed to calculate the data rate:
Nyquist bit rate for a noiseless channel
BitRate = 2 * bandwidth * log 2 L
2: Shannon Capacity for a noisy channel
Capacity = bandwidth * log 2 (1 + SNR)
...............
PERFORMANCE (Network PERFORMANCE) :
Bandwidth: ( Bandwidth in Hertz and Bandwidth in Bits per Seconds) :
Throughput:
These above topics covered in this slide
Thanks You!
This document discusses various digital-to-analog conversion techniques used in analog transmission of digital data. It describes amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). ASK encodes data by changing the amplitude of a carrier signal. FSK uses frequency changes to encode data while PSK varies the phase. QAM combines ASK and PSK, encoding multiple bits onto distinct signal points defined by amplitude and phase. The bandwidth requirements of these techniques are also examined along with examples of calculating bit rates from given parameters.
This document discusses the evolution of Ethernet technology over three generations from traditional Ethernet to Fast Ethernet to Gigabit Ethernet. It describes the MAC and physical layers of each generation and shows diagrams of their frame formats, implementations, and encoding techniques. Key aspects covered include Ethernet addressing, connection methods, bandwidth sharing, bridging, switching, full-duplex operation, and standards such as 802.3.
Self assessment true-false Quiz: Chapter 9 - Computer Networking a top-down A...Andy Juan Sarango Veliz
This document contains a true/false quiz with questions about multimedia networking concepts covered in Chapter 9, such as transport protocols for multimedia streaming, buffering, protocols like RTSP, RTP, RSVP, and content distribution networks. It tests knowledge of key elements like whether TCP or UDP is used to transport media streams, how playout and encoding changes work in RTP, throughput calculations in weighted fair queuing, and functions of protocols like SIP, RSVP, and CDNs.
09 Using Telephone_and_Cable_Networks_for_Data_TransmissionAhmar Hashmi
This document discusses using telephone and cable networks for data transmission. It covers telephone networks using circuit switching to transmit analog voice signals over copper wires. It describes components like local exchange carriers and signaling networks. It also covers using telephone lines for data transmission through dial-up modems and digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies. Finally, it discusses cable TV networks evolving from unidirectional video to bidirectional hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) networks capable of high-speed data transmission using standards like DOCSIS.
I am Norman H. I am a Computer Networking Assignment Expert at computernetworkassignmenthelp.com. I hold a Master's in Computer Science from, McMaster University, Canada. I have been helping students with their assignments for the past 15 years. I solve assignments related to Computer Networking.
Visit computernetworkassignmenthelp.com or email support@computernetworkassignmenthelp.com.
You can also call on +1 678 648 4277 for any assistance with Computer Networking Assignment.
Ethernet uses CSMA/CD access method where nodes can sense carrier and detect collisions. It was first defined in 1978 and formed basis for IEEE 802.3 standard. It uses exponential backoff to retry transmission after collisions and is limited to 2500m to ensure collisions can be detected. Ethernet addresses are unique to each adapter and frames contain fields for source, destination, data and error checking.
Text book 2 computer networks_a systems approach_peterson solution manualgopivrajan
This document provides an instructor's manual containing solutions to exercises in the 5th edition of the textbook "Computer Networks: A Systems Approach" by Larry Peterson and Bruce Davie. The solutions are sorted by section and cover a range of difficulties. The manual notes that some exercises require basic probability knowledge and provides resources on the textbook website for instructors. It welcomes feedback on the solutions and suggestions for improvements.
This document provides an overview of networking technologies. It discusses connection-oriented and connectionless communication, network hierarchies including LAN, MAN and WAN layers, Ethernet technologies, Internet addressing including IP addresses and CIDR, and weaknesses in Internet addressing such as issues with mobile and multi-homed hosts. The document also references several textbooks on networking and computer communication.
Chapter 4-The Medium Access Control Sublayer.pptvanlinhle3
This document summarizes key concepts from the textbook "Computer Networks" by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall. It covers topics such as medium access control, multiple access protocols including ALOHA and CSMA, collision avoidance in wireless networks, Ethernet, fast Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, switched networks, wireless LAN protocols and frame structure. It also discusses power management in wireless networks, quality of service, data link layer switching and virtual LANs.
This document discusses local area network (LAN) technologies, with a focus on Ethernet. It outlines the following objectives:
- Briefly discuss dominant wired LANs including Ethernet and other media types.
- Describe Media Access Control (MAC) and Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD).
- Explain the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and bridges.
- Discuss switched Ethernet and virtual LANs (VLANs).
The document then provides details on Ethernet frames, MAC addresses, CSMA/CD, cabling standards and specifications.
This document provides an overview of multimedia communication and networks. It discusses open data network models and the layered OSI model. It describes the narrow waist model of the Internet and some of its limitations. It also discusses transport protocols like TCP and UDP, addressing in TCP/IP, and popular applications that use UDP. The document is an introductory unit on network fundamentals and protocols.
This document discusses transport layer protocols and reliability in computer networks. It begins with an overview of the end-to-end model, UDP, and TCP. It then discusses the end-to-end argument that functions should be implemented at endpoints rather than in the network. Link-level reliability is not sufficient and TCP provides end-to-end reliability with sequenced packets, acknowledgments, and retransmissions. TCP also provides flow control using advertised window sizes.
The document discusses different generations of wired local area network (LAN) technologies, starting with Standard Ethernet. It describes Standard Ethernet's characteristics, including its addressing mechanism, CSMA/CD access method, efficiency of around 39%, and popular implementations using coaxial cable or twisted-pair wiring operating at 10 megabits per second. The document also briefly outlines Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet as evolutions of the original Standard Ethernet specification that increased supported speeds over time.
The document discusses the evolution of Ethernet standards over four generations from its creation in 1976. It describes the IEEE 802 project which established standards for LAN communication. The original Ethernet standard defined the data link layer to consist of logical link control (LLC) and media access control (MAC) sublayers. It also established physical layer standards and frame formats for early Ethernet implementations using thick and thin coaxial cable and twisted pair wiring in bus and star topologies. Later changes like bridging and switching increased bandwidth and separated collision domains to support higher data rates.
This document provides an overview of Ethernet and wireless computer networks. It discusses Ethernet standards and protocols including CSMA/CD, frame formats, addressing, and the transmitter algorithm. It also covers wireless networking technologies such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11), and WiMAX (IEEE 802.16). Key aspects summarized include the use of carrier sensing and collision detection in Ethernet, exponential backoff for retransmission after collisions, and the use of frequency hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum in wireless networks.
This document discusses bandwidth calculation for Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). It explains that bandwidth required depends on factors like the codec, sample period, IP headers, and transmission medium. It provides examples of bandwidth calculations for codecs like G.711 and G.729a using IP, UDP, RTP headers and Ethernet transmission. Bandwidth can be reduced up to 50% using silence suppression. The document also lists common VoIP services and includes a diagram of a VoIP network architecture with a multiprotocol switch.
This document describes a custom network protocol designed to improve throughput performance compared to traditional TCP/IP protocols. The custom protocol uses a simplified 8-byte header containing only essential fields like source/destination addresses and port numbers, and sequence number. Tests of the custom protocol transferring a 10MB file between nodes achieved throughputs up to 902kbps, significantly higher than when using smaller packet sizes. By removing unnecessary TCP/IP header fields and processing, the custom protocol reduces overhead and improves throughput.
TCP/IP is the universal protocol for internet communications. It is made up of two complementary protocols: TCP and IP. TCP breaks files into packets and ensures reliable delivery by reassembling packets and detecting errors. IP delivers each packet to its destination by dynamically choosing the best route. Ethernet is the most common networking technology, which uses the CSMA/CD protocol. CSMA/CD allows nodes to compete for access to transmit over the shared cable by first listening to check for silence before transmitting and detecting collisions.
Communication Performance Over A Gigabit Ethernet NetworkIJERA Editor
A present computing imposes heavy demands on the optical communication network. Gigabit Ethernet technology can provide the required bandwidth to meet these demands. However, it has also involve the communication Impediment to progress from network media to TCP(Transfer control protocol) processing. In this paper, present an overview of Gigabit per second Ethernet technology and study the end-to-end Gigabit Ethernet communication bandwidth and retrieval time. Performance graphs are collected using NetPipe in this clearly show the performance characteristics of TCP/IP over Gigabit Ethernet. These indicate the impact of a number of factors such as processor speeds, network adaptors, versions of the Linux Kernel or opnet softwar and device drivers, and TCP/IP(Internet protocol) tuning on the performance of Gigabit Ethernet between two Pentium II/350 PCs. Among the important conclusions are the marked superiority of the 2.1.121 and later development kernels and 2.2.x production kernels of Linux or opnet softwar used and that the ability to increase the MTU(maximum transmission unit) Further than the Ethernet standard of 1500 could significantly enhance the throughput reachable.
The document summarizes the history and development of Ethernet and TCP/IP networking protocols. It describes how ARPANET originally used packet switching in the 1960s, the development of TCP and IP in the 1970s, and how Ethernet was implemented as a standard for local area networks. It also provides an overview of how IP, TCP and common applications like HTTP operate and interconnect across network layers.
Here is a draft proposal for migrating the Windows XP machines in the new LSDG research group to Linux:
Proposal to Migrate LSDG Desktops from Windows XP to Linux
Introduction
The new LSDG research group at Linx LLC will be using desktop operating systems. Currently, some machines in the larger Linx LLC organization run Windows XP and Windows 7. As LSDG will be a separate research group, we need to consider the best desktop OS choice for their needs and the longevity of the machines.
Analysis
Windows XP is no longer supported by Microsoft, so continuing to use it poses major security risks. Without updates and patches, XP machines are vulnerable to exploits. Support for Windows 7 will also end
The document discusses the key responsibilities and functions of the network layer in computer networking. The network layer is responsible for getting packets from their source to their destination across multiple hops and routers. It must choose appropriate paths through the network topology and balance traffic loads across lines and routers. The network layer provides either a connectionless or connection-oriented service and uses different packet forwarding mechanisms depending on the chosen service.
The document provides an overview of TCP/IP including:
1) TCP/IP is a layered protocol model consisting of physical, link, internet (IP), and transport (TCP/UDP) layers.
2) IP specifies packet format and routing. IP addresses identify networks and hosts. IP packets can be fragmented.
3) TCP provides reliable data transfer between applications through sequencing, acknowledgments, and retransmissions.
4) ARP maps IP addresses to physical addresses when a packet's destination physical address is unknown.
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Similar to Devry ecet 365 week 6 homework problems 14 (20)
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1. DEVRY ECET 365 Week 6 Homework Problems 14.1-
14.4, 14.8-14.13 NEW
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Page 710: Problems 14.1–14.4, 14.8–14.13
14.1 For each term, give a definition in 32 words or
less.
a) Master-slave
b) Multi-drop
14.2 For each pair of terms, compare and contrast in
32 words or less.
14.4 Consider a telephone line with a channel
bandwidth of 2 kHz and SNR of 40 dB. What is the
maximum data rate possible?
14.8 Consider how the ACK bit is used in a CAN
network.
2. 14.9 If the CAN channel is noisy, it is possible that
some bits will be transmitted in error. Assume there
are four nodes: one is transmitting, and three are
receiving. What happens if a data bit is flipped in the
channel due to noise being added into the channel?
14.10 Consider a situation where two microcontrollers
are connected with a CAN network. Computer 1
generates 8-bit data packets that must be sent to
Computer 2, and Computer 2 generates 8-bit data
packets that must be sent to Computer 1. The packets
are generated at random times, and the goal is to
minimize the latency between when a data packet is
generated on one computer to when it is received on
the other. Describe the CAN protocol you would use:
11-bit versus 29-bit ID, number of bytes of data, and
bandwidth. Clearly describe what is in the ID and how
the data is formatted.
14.13 Consider a situation where four
microcontrollers are connected together using a CAN
network. Assume for this question that each frame
contains 100 bits. Also assume the baud rate is 100,000
bits/sec; therefore, it takes 1 ms to send a frame.
Initially, the CAN controllers are initialized (i.e., all
computers have previously executed CAN_Open).