Design of transformer: EMF per turn & Design of core section
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The document discusses the design of a transformer including the output equation for electromotive force (EMF) per turn of the winding and the design of the core section. It was prepared by Mr. A. L. Jamadar and covers the key equations and considerations for properly sizing the transformer core based on the intended output.
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Electrical Engineering Material Part-VII
This document discusses the energy band structure of materials and their properties. It explains that materials have discrete energy bands for their atoms, and that semiconductors without impurities have a small energy gap that allows a small number of electrons to be liberated as temperature increases. Insulators are then described as having an even larger energy gap between bands that prevents conductivity except at very high temperatures. The document also mentions electrical engineering concepts and circuit theory fundamentals.
Electrical Engineering Material Part-VI
This document discusses different classes of materials from an electrical engineering perspective. It outlines six main classes: conductors, resistors, insulators, magnetic materials, semiconductors, and refractory and structural materials. Conductors are materials that allow electric current to flow through them. Insulators do not allow electric current and provide electrical insulation. Magnetic materials can be polarized by magnetic fields. Semiconductors have electrical conductivity between conductors and insulators. The classes of materials are important for electrical engineering applications and understanding their properties.
Electrical Engineering Material Part-IX
Magnetic materials are classified into six categories based on their magnetic behavior: diamagnetic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic. Diamagnetic materials are weakly repelled by magnetic fields and have susceptibility values less than zero. Paramagnetic materials are weakly attracted by magnetic fields and have small, positive susceptibility. Ferromagnetic materials spontaneously magnetize in the absence of an external field and strongly attract to fields, exhibiting a magnetic phase transition temperature.
Electrical Engineering Material Part-V
Van der Waals forces are weak secondary bonds that occur between molecules due to momentary polarization caused by electron movement, dispersion effects, and hydrogen bridging. The arrangement of atoms in a material, whether in molecular, crystalline, or amorphous structures, has a significant effect on its properties. Metals have metallic bonding and solidify into lattice structures when cooled, with many metals exhibiting allotropic changes in crystal structure.
Electrical Engineering Material-IV
The document discusses the different types of bonds that can form between atoms in solids. It describes ionic bonds, which form between positive and negative ions through electrostatic attraction. Covalent bonds are formed through the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. Metallic bonds result from the delocalization of electrons among positively charged metal ions. The four main types of bonds covered are ionic, covalent, metallic, and Van der Waals bonds, with ionic and covalent classified as primary bonds and metallic and Van der Waals as secondary bonds. Examples are given of properties associated with each bond type.
Electrical Engineering Material Part-III
The document discusses electrons in solids and the fundamentals of bonding in solids. It notes that in solids, electrons interact with one another at high densities of 1028 per cubic meter. Atoms maintain their individual energy levels even when bonded together in solids and molecules. Bonding in solids involves interatomic binding forces called chemical bonds that hold atoms, ions, and molecules at different spacing levels, including primary and secondary bonds that are classified into four categories.
Electrical Engineering Material Part-II
Bohr postulated that electrons in atoms can only occupy discrete energy levels and can jump between these levels, absorbing or emitting electromagnetic radiation with specific frequencies. The document also discusses wave-particle duality and how electrons can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. It introduces the concept of quantum numbers to describe the state of an electron in an atom, including the principal, orbital, magnetic, and spin quantum numbers. Finally, it explains that the energy levels of electrons are determined by quantum numbers and that electrons can undergo transitions between energy levels through excitation and de-excitation, emitting or absorbing photons with energies corresponding to the change in energy levels.
Electrical Engineering Material Part-I
This document discusses electrical engineering materials and their atomic and electronic structures. It introduces the importance of understanding materials for engineers and how man discovered various balanced materials throughout history. It then explains atomic structure, noting that all atoms consist of a central nucleus surrounded by orbital electrons and that protons are positively charged, neutrons are neutral, and electrons are negatively charged. It also discusses atomic numbers, weights, and how atoms behave in solids versus as single isolated atoms.
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