Dermatitis, or eczema, encompasses various skin conditions characterized by inflammation, itchiness, and rashes. Common types include atopic, contact, seborrheic, neuro, stasis, and perioral dermatitis, each with specific causes, symptoms, and management strategies. Effective treatment focuses on symptom relief and prevention, emphasizing skin care practices and potentially utilizing medications such as antihistamines and topical steroids.

1. DERMATITIS
PREPARED BY :
PATEL VEDANTI S.
F.Y.M.SC NURSING
23/10/2018

2. THE INTEGUMENTARYSYSTEM
 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGIC
OVERVIEW :
 The largest organ system of
the body, the skin, is
essential for human life. It
forms a barrier between the
internal organs and the
external environment and
participates in many vital
body functions. The skin is
contiguous with the mucous
membrane at the external
openings of the digestive,
respiratory and urogenital
systems.

3.  Skin is the largest organ of the body, and
serves to:
• Protect against injury
• Protect against the sun UV rays
• Prevent entry of harmful microorganisms
• Maintain the proper internal body temperature
• Excrete waste materials through perspiration
• Function as a sense organ

4. DEFINITION OF DERMATITIS
 Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group
of diseases that results in inflammation of
the skin .These diseases are characterized
by itchiness, red skin and a rash.
 Dermatitis is a group of skin conditions that
includes atopic dermatitis, allergic contact
dermatitis, irritant contact
dermatitis and stasis dermatitis.

5. TYPES OF DERAMATITIS:
Atopic dermatitis:
Contact dermatitis:
Seborrheic Dermatitis:
Perioral dermatitis:
Stasis dermatitis:
Neuro dermatitis:

6. Cont…
1.Atopic Dermatitis:
 It is a chronic inherited
condition may be
associated with
respiratory allergies or
asthma, and it can vary
between bright red
macules, papules,
oozing, lichenified and
hyper pigmented area.

7. Cont…
2.Contact dermatitis:
There are the two type of
contact dermatitis
1. Irritant contact
dermatitis:
2. Allergic Contact
Dermatitis:

8. Cont…
3.Seborrheic Dermatitis:
 In this condition excessive
production of sebaceous
secretion found in scalp,
face, axilla, genital areas
and in folds of skin can
appear as dry, moist or gray
scales, yellow or pink-
yellow crusts. Also redness
can be associated with
emotional stress, genetic
predisposing may exist.

9. Cont…
4.Neuro
dermatitis:
 A chronic itchy skin
condition localized to
certain areas of the skin

10. Cont…
5. Stasis dermatitis:
 A skin condition that's
caused by a buildup of
fluid under the skin of
the legs. Also known as
venous eczema.

11. Cont…
6. Perioral
dermatitis:
 A bumpy rash
around the mouth.

12. CAUSES:
ATOPIC
DERMATITIS
(ECZEMA):
• Xerosis (Dry
Skin)
• Bacteria On
The Skin
• Environmental
Conditions.
• Immune
System
Dysfunction
CONTACT:
• Jewelry
Containing
Nickel
• Cleaning
Products
• Perfumes
• Cosmetics
• Preservatives
In Many
Creams And
Lotions.
SEBORRHEIC
DERMATITIS:
• Yeast ( Fungus)

13. RISK FACTORS:
Age.
Allergies and asthma
Occupation
Health conditions.

14. SIGNAND SYMPTOMS:
 Atopic dermatitis
(eczema).
 Usually beginning in
infancy red
 Itchy rash
 Inside the elbows
 Behind the knees
 Front of the neck

15. Cont…
 Contact dermatitis.
 Red rash may burn
 sting or itch
 Blisters may develop

16. Cont…
 Seborrhea dermatitis.
 scaly patches
 red skin
 stubborn dandruff
 oily areas of the body
such as the face, upper
chest and back.

17. Common SignAnd Symptoms:
 Hives
 Blister
 Skin Redness
 Swelling especially eyes,face,groin area
 blistering
 cracking skin due to extreme dryness
 skin that feels stiff or tight
 open sores that form crusts
 Ulceration

18. DIAGNOSTIC TEST:
History
Collection
Physical
Examination
Signs and
symptoms
suspected
culture
Patch Test

19.  In the case of contact
dermatitis conduct patch
testing on your skin to see
which substances inflame
skin. In this test, applies small
amounts of various substances
to skin under an adhesive
covering. During return visits
over the next several days,
examines your skin to see if
you've had a reaction to any of
the substances. This type of
testing is most useful for
determining if you have
specific contact allergies.
Patch test:

20. MEDICATION:
Analgesic
Drugs to
relieve pain,
inflammation
and
discomfort.
Antihistamines
Like avil,
cetrizine to
relieve itching
and skin rashes
Steroid
Such as
hydrocortisone
or methyl -
prednisolone
may be used to
suppress
inflammation
Topical
administration
Is preferred if
possible because
systemic steroid
can cause serious
systemic side
effects, including
adrenal
suppression.

21. PREVENTION:
 Avoiding dry skin may be one factor in helping you prevent
dermatitis. These tips can help you minimize the drying effects of
bathing on your skin:
 Take shorter baths or showers. Limit your baths and showers to
5 to 10 minutes. And use warm, rather than hot, water. Bath oil
also may be helpful.
 Use non soap cleansers or gentle soaps. Choose fragrance-free
non soap cleansers or mild soaps. Some soaps can dry your skin.
 Dry yourself carefully. After bathing, brush your skin rapidly
with the palms of your hands, or gently pat your skin dry with a
soft towel.
 Moisturize your skin. While your skin is still damp, seal in
moisture with an oil or a cream. Try different products to find one
that works for you. Ideally, the best one for you will be safe,
effective, affordable and unscented.

22. NURSING MANAGEMENT:
 1. Monitor skin condition regularly to determine of
treatment is working.
 2. Cleanse the area as ordered by the physician, taking
care not to further irritate the skin to keep area clean
and prevent infection.
 3. Provide cool moist compresses, dressings or tepid
tub baths to help relieve inflammation and itching,
debride lesions and soften crusts and scales.
 4. Pat the skin dry rather than rubbing to prevent
further trauma.
 5. Apply topical agents as per ordered to help
suppress inflammation.

23. Cont…
 6. Provide skin care at bed time to help promote
comfortable sleep. Many antihistamines also have
a sedative effect.
 7. Encourage patient to eat a high protein diet to
promote healing and replace lost protein.
 8. Encourage use of gloves especially at night to
help prevent scratching.
 9. Advise the patient to keep finger nail short to
prevent scratching.
 10. Teach the patient that application of slight
pressure with a clean cloth may help relieve
itching.

24. Cont…
 11. Allow patients to verbalize concerns only if they
wish to do so.
 12. Refer to a support group, if available, to receive
support from others in similar circumstances.
 13. Encourage to participate in skin care.
 14. Encourage the patient to wear long sleeves or
other appropriate covering if the patient desired to
make the lesions less noticeable and the patient more
comfortable.
 15. Assess patient’s baseline knowledge of condition
and treatment. Teaching should build on baseline
understanding.