All information regarding dermatitis definition, causes, risk factors , sign and symptoms and also related treatment and nursing care plan its useful in the nursing.
Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group of diseases that results in inflammation of the skin. These diseases are characterized by itchiness, red skin and a rash. In cases of short duration, there may be small blisters
Atopic dermatitis is a long-term skin disease. "Atopic" refers to a
tendency to develop allergy conditions. "Dermatitis" means swelling of
the skin.
Often, the skin gets worse (flares), then it improves or clears up (remissions).
Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group of diseases that results in inflammation of the skin. These diseases are characterized by itchiness, red skin and a rash. In cases of short duration, there may be small blisters
Atopic dermatitis is a long-term skin disease. "Atopic" refers to a
tendency to develop allergy conditions. "Dermatitis" means swelling of
the skin.
Often, the skin gets worse (flares), then it improves or clears up (remissions).
eczema is a widespread disease that's gone uncontrolled sometimes due to lack of knowledge. here's a presentation prepared for awareness campaigns to increase the knowledge of patients and help them control their symptoms
Eczema is a group of skin condition that causes inflammation and irritation to the skin and is otherwise called as dermatitis,
Scabies is also a itchy skin condition caused by mite called Sarcoptes scabiei.
What is eczema?
Eczema (Dermatitis)-
A particular type of inflammatory reaction of the skin in which there is erythema (reddening), edema (swelling), papules (bumps), and crusting of the skin followed, finally, by lichenification (thickening) and scaling of the skin.
Eczema characteristically causes itching and burning of the skin.
What Causes eczema?
Allergy- One of the commonest cause of Eczema. Triggers include Dust, detergents, rubber, nickel plated jewelry etc.
Environment- More likely in urban areas due to high pollution levels. Extremely dry or cold weather tends to make skin scratchy, resulting in eczema.
Obesity- Obese children are 3 times more likely to get eczema. Obesity results in inflammation of fat tissues that spills into other parts of the body. Excess fat also results in poor circulation and skin ailments.
Smoking- One of the leading causes, especially on the fingers that hold the cigarettes, as well as lips.
Stress- Physical or emotional stress has been known to cause enhanced sensitivity and inflammatory skin changes.
Diaper rash- In babies eczema occurs because of chemical effect of urine/faeces on sensitive skin.
Genetic influence- More likely in individuals with a family history of Eczema or other allergic conditions like Asthma, Hay fever, etc.
this ppt includes Minor ailments include common conditions such as dry skin, rashes, urticarial, skin trauma (cuts/scratches, scrapes, bruises), skin irritations (red, bumpy, scaly, itchy patches of skin, blisters).
Your SKIN is The Largest and Most Noticeable Organ:
Discussion on How to Take Care
of this Important Organ
By
Dr. Maria Scunziano-Singh, MD, NMD
05/01/2014
Cosmetics – Biological aspects
Structure of skin
Functions of Skin
Skin relating problem like,
Dry skin
Acne
Pigmentation
Prickly heat
Wrinkles
Body odor
Structure of hair
Hair growth cycle
Problem associated with Hair
This year, more and more people with eczema are dealing with extreme flareups. Between stress, face mask irritation, and frequent handwashing due to COVID-19, many sufferers are having a tough time managing the symptoms right now.
Unconsciousness. Medical Surgical Nursing pptxPatelVedanti
The brain requires a constant supply of oxygenated blood and glucose to function. Interruption of this supply will cause loss of consciousness within a few seconds and permanent brain damage in minutes.
Unconsciousness:
A state of unarousable responsiveness, where the client is unaware of the self or the surroundings and no purposeful response can be obtained to external stimuli. May be –
Brief – lasting for few seconds to an hour
Sustained – lasting for a few hours or longer
Etiology:
Blood oxygenation problems
Blood circulation problems
Metabolic problems (Diabetes mellitus, over dosage) CNS problems (head injury, stroke, tumor , epilepsy)
pain. Medical Surgical Nursing ......pptxPatelVedanti
Pain is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon. Everyone has experienced some types or degrees of pain. Pain is the most common reason for physician and also common problems faced by nurses when they are dealing with the patients.
The word pain is derived from the Latin word ‘Poena’ which means punishment. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can significantly interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning.
Pain motivates us to withdraw from potentially damaging situations, protect a damaged body part while it heals, and avoid those situations in the future.
Most pain resolves promptly once the painful stimulus is removed and the body has healed, but sometimes pain persists despite removal of the stimulus and apparent healing of the body; and sometimes pain arises in the absence of any detectable stimulus, damage or disease.
The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition states:
"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage".
The processes in the body that are involved in the perception of pain are called "nociception."
Mount castle defined pain as “that sensory experiences evoked by stimuli that injure or threaten to destroy tissue, defined introspectively by every man as that which hurts”.
The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) classification system describes pain according to five categories:
Duration And Severity,
Anatomical Location,
Body System Involved,
Cause, And
Temporal Characteristics (Intermittent, Constant, Etc)
Acute pain lasts a short time, or is expected to be over soon. The time frame may be as brief as seconds or as long as weeks.
Chronic pain may be defined as pain that lasts beyond the healing of an injury, continues for a period of several months or longer, or occurs frequently for at least months and is more difficult to manage.eg-rheumatoid arthritis
Cutaneous or superficial pain- it is directly precised &readily localized i.e. patient can indicate exactly where it hurt.
Referred pain- pain felt at a site distinct from site of pain. eg-cardiac pain is present in the heart, but felt in the left arm
Intractable pain- persistent, severe pain that cannot be effectively controlled by the usual medication is referred to as “Intractable pain”.
Localized pain- Localized pain arises directly from the site of the disturbance.
Differentiation of neurolapatic pain- severs pain caused by nervous system damage, when the flow of afferent nerve impulse has been partially or completely interrupted. eg accident.
Pain of muscular or bonny origin- the muscular ischemia of intermittent claudication(a in commonly in the legs or arms that comes on with walking or using the arms.) & occlusion vascular induce pain in the extrimities. eg joint pain
STRESS. Medical Surgical Nursing ....pptxPatelVedanti
Stress is a normal human reaction that happens to everyone. In fact, the human body is designed to experience stress and react to it.
When you experience changes or challenges (stressors), your body produces physical and mental responses. That’s stress.
Stress responses help your body adjust to new situations.
Stress can be positive, keeping us alert, motivated and ready to avoid danger.
For example, if you have an important test coming up, a stress response might help your body work harder and stay awake longer.
But stress becomes a problem when stressors continue without relief or periods of relaxation.
Stress is the non specific response of the body to any kind of demand made upon it.
-Hans Selye, 1956
Stress is the arousal of mind and body in response to demands made upon them.
-Schafer, 2000
A stressor is any event, experience, or environmental stimulus that causes stress in an individual.
These events or experiences are perceived as threats or challenges to the individual and can be either physical or psychological.
Researchers have found that stressors can make individuals more prone to both physical and psychological problems, including heart disease and anxiety.
In psychology, researchers generally classify the different types of stressors into four categories:
Crises/Catastrophes,
Major Life Events,
Daily Hassles/Micro Stressors, And
Ambient Stressors.
Crises/Catastrophes
This type of stressor is unforeseen and unpredictable and, as such, is completely out of the control of the individual.
Examples of crises and catastrophes include: devastating natural disasters, such as major floods, earthquakes, wars, pandemics etc….
Though rare in occurrence, this type of stressor typically causes a great deal of stress in a person's life.
Major life events
Common examples of major life events include: marriage, going to college, death of a loved one, birth of a child, divorce, moving houses etc…
These events, either positive or negative, can create a sense of uncertainty and fear, which will ultimately lead to stress.
For instance, research has found the elevation of stress during the transition from high school to university, with college freshmen being about two times more likely to be stressed than final year students.
Research has found major life events are somewhat rare to be major causes of stress, due to its rare occurrences.
Daily Hassles/Microstressors
This category includes daily annoyances and minor hassles.
Examples include: making decisions, meeting deadlines at work or school, traffic jams, encounters with irritating personalities, etc.
Often, this type of stressor includes conflicts with other people.
Daily stressors, however, are different for each individual, as not everyone perceives a certain event as stressful.
For example, most people find public speaking to be stressful, nevertheless, a seasoned politician most likely will not.
Daily hassles are the most frequently occurring.
Testicular torsion occurs when a testicle rotates, twisting the spermatic cord that brings blood to the scrotum.
Testicular torsion is most common between ages 12 and 18, but it can occur at any age, even before birth often severe pain and swelling.
Age Testicular torsion is most common between ages 12 and 18.
Previous testicular torsion
Family history of testicular torsion
Sudden, severe pain in the scrotum
Swelling of the scrotum
Abdominal pain
Nausea and vomiting
A testicle that's positioned higher than normal or at an unusual angle
Frequent urination
Fever
Blood in semen
Redness of scrotum
Gynecomastia & Male Breast Cancer.pptx (Male Reproductive System)PatelVedanti
Gynecomastia is often due to an imbalance of testosterone and estrogen hormones.
It is an increase in the amount of breast gland tissue in boys or men.
Gynecomastia can affect one or both breasts, sometimes unevenly.
Genetic disorder
Malnutrition
Testicular cancer
Aging
Disorder of testes
causes:
Genetic disorder
Malnutrition
Testicular cancer
Aging
Disorder of testes
S/S
Pain, particularly in adolescents
Swollen breast tissue
Breast tenderness
Nipple discharge in one or both breasts
Prostatitis is a disorder of the prostate gland usually associated with inflammation.
Prostatitis often causes painful or difficult urination, as well as pain in the groin, pelvic area or genitals.
Acute bacterial prostatitis: a bacterial infection of the prostate usually with sudden, severe symptoms
Chronic bacterial prostatitis: ongoing or recurring bacterial infection usually with less severe symptoms
Causes:
Bacterial infection
Autoimmune diseases
Pelvic floor muscle spasms
Stress
Bladder infections or bladder stones
Surgery or biopsy requiring use of a urinary catheter
Prostate stones
Urinary retention (not emptying the bladder completely).
UTIs.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Prostate cancer is cancer that occurs in the prostate.
It is a growth of abnormal cell in the prostate, it may be malignant or benign.
Alopecia can mean baldness,
Compulsive pulling of hair (trichotillomania) can also produce hair loss.
Hairstyling routines such as tight ponytails may induce Traction alopecia. hot hair irons can also induce hair loss. In some cases, alopecia is due to underlying medical conditions, such as iron deficiency.
Hair styles & Hair treatments (chemicals in relaxers, hair straighteners)
Causes:
Hereditary disorders
Hormonal change
Iron deficiency
Medications (side effects from drugs, including chemotherapy, anabolic steroids, and birth control pills)
Radiation therapy
Stress
Age
Poor nutrition
Hair transplant: A dermatologist or cosmetic surgeon takes tiny plugs of skin, each which contains a few hairs, and implants the plugs into bald sections.
Wigs: As an alternative to medical and surgical treatment, some patients wear a wig or hairpiece. They can be used permanently or temporarily to cover the hair loss. Quality, and natural looking wigs and hairpieces are available.
It is an immune system condition that causes the rapid buildup of skin cells.
It is a long term (chronic) disease.
It is most commonly seen the knees, elbows, trunk, and scalp.
It is a chronic inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands.
It may be occur on areas of the body that have sebaceous glands such as face, neck, back and shoulders.
It is associated with high rail of sebum secretion.
It has two types of acne such as inflammatory, in which the hair follicle is blocked by sebum that may be cause by bacteria and eventually rupture the follicle and second non inflammatory, in which the follicle doesn't rupture but remains dilated.
Acne is a disease that involves the oil glands of the skin.
It is not dangerous.
Acne occurs most commonly during adolescence, and often continues into adulthood. In adolescence, acne is usually caused by an increase in testosterone, which people of both genders during puberty.
There are various types of pimples
Whiteheads - remain under the skin and are very small.
Blackheads - clearly visible, they are black and appear on the surface of the skin.
Papules - visible on the surface of the skin. They are small bumps, usually pink.
Pustules - clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are red at their base and have pus at the top.
Nodules - clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are large, solid pimples. They are painful and are embedded deep in the skin.
The word Gastritis comes from two words “gastro” referring to the stomach and “itis” means inflammation.
Gastritis is an inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the stomach mucosa.
Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.
INCIDENCE:
The incidence of gastritis is highest in the fifth and sixth decades of life; men are more frequently affected than women. The incidence is greater in clients who are heavy drinkers and smokers.
Acute gastritis is considered one of the most common type of gastritis. This is a painful inflammation of the lining of the stomach that occur suddenly and may involve bleeding of the stomach mucosa
Chronic gastritis involve s long- term inflammation of the mucosal lining of the stomach and this inflammatory condition of upper digestive system can last for years.
Chronic gastritis, on the other hand, is more often found in older people
Rhinitis commonly known as a stuffy
nose,
is the medical term describing
irritation and inflammation of some internal areas of the nose .
It is the inflammation of the nasal mucosa.
Acute Rhinitis is also known as the common cold.
It may be bacterial or viral.
It may be classified as acute & allergic .
It usually lasts 5 to 7 days.
It may be bacterial or viral or irritants.
Which is caused by Rhinoviruses and Coronaviruses , or bacterial sinusitis .
Sinusitis is an inflammation of the mucus membrane of the Paranasal sinuses.
Pansinusitis is infection of more than one sinus.
This condition in GI system disorder.
Cholecystitis And Cholelithiasis slidesharePatelVedanti
Cholecystitis: It is defined as the inflammation of the Gall Bladder.
Cholelithiasis: Stones in the Gall Bladder specially seen in the neck of the Gall Bladder or the cystic duct.
Most important for in GI system.
Fracture regarding information and also useful in nursing in that types of fracture included and also include treatment regarding fracture , nursing care plan...commonly fracture is more so its very useful for study.....
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
2. THE INTEGUMENTARYSYSTEM
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGIC
OVERVIEW :
The largest organ system of
the body, the skin, is
essential for human life. It
forms a barrier between the
internal organs and the
external environment and
participates in many vital
body functions. The skin is
contiguous with the mucous
membrane at the external
openings of the digestive,
respiratory and urogenital
systems.
3. Skin is the largest organ of the body, and
serves to:
• Protect against injury
• Protect against the sun UV rays
• Prevent entry of harmful microorganisms
• Maintain the proper internal body temperature
• Excrete waste materials through perspiration
• Function as a sense organ
4. DEFINITION OF DERMATITIS
Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group
of diseases that results in inflammation of
the skin .These diseases are characterized
by itchiness, red skin and a rash.
Dermatitis is a group of skin conditions that
includes atopic dermatitis, allergic contact
dermatitis, irritant contact
dermatitis and stasis dermatitis.
6. Cont…
1.Atopic Dermatitis:
It is a chronic inherited
condition may be
associated with
respiratory allergies or
asthma, and it can vary
between bright red
macules, papules,
oozing, lichenified and
hyper pigmented area.
8. Cont…
3.Seborrheic Dermatitis:
In this condition excessive
production of sebaceous
secretion found in scalp,
face, axilla, genital areas
and in folds of skin can
appear as dry, moist or gray
scales, yellow or pink-
yellow crusts. Also redness
can be associated with
emotional stress, genetic
predisposing may exist.
14. SIGNAND SYMPTOMS:
Atopic dermatitis
(eczema).
Usually beginning in
infancy red
Itchy rash
Inside the elbows
Behind the knees
Front of the neck
16. Cont…
Seborrhea dermatitis.
scaly patches
red skin
stubborn dandruff
oily areas of the body
such as the face, upper
chest and back.
17. Common SignAnd Symptoms:
Hives
Blister
Skin Redness
Swelling especially eyes,face,groin area
blistering
cracking skin due to extreme dryness
skin that feels stiff or tight
open sores that form crusts
Ulceration
19. In the case of contact
dermatitis conduct patch
testing on your skin to see
which substances inflame
skin. In this test, applies small
amounts of various substances
to skin under an adhesive
covering. During return visits
over the next several days,
examines your skin to see if
you've had a reaction to any of
the substances. This type of
testing is most useful for
determining if you have
specific contact allergies.
Patch test:
20. MEDICATION:
Analgesic
Drugs to
relieve pain,
inflammation
and
discomfort.
Antihistamines
Like avil,
cetrizine to
relieve itching
and skin rashes
Steroid
Such as
hydrocortisone
or methyl -
prednisolone
may be used to
suppress
inflammation
Topical
administration
Is preferred if
possible because
systemic steroid
can cause serious
systemic side
effects, including
adrenal
suppression.
21. PREVENTION:
Avoiding dry skin may be one factor in helping you prevent
dermatitis. These tips can help you minimize the drying effects of
bathing on your skin:
Take shorter baths or showers. Limit your baths and showers to
5 to 10 minutes. And use warm, rather than hot, water. Bath oil
also may be helpful.
Use non soap cleansers or gentle soaps. Choose fragrance-free
non soap cleansers or mild soaps. Some soaps can dry your skin.
Dry yourself carefully. After bathing, brush your skin rapidly
with the palms of your hands, or gently pat your skin dry with a
soft towel.
Moisturize your skin. While your skin is still damp, seal in
moisture with an oil or a cream. Try different products to find one
that works for you. Ideally, the best one for you will be safe,
effective, affordable and unscented.
22. NURSING MANAGEMENT:
1. Monitor skin condition regularly to determine of
treatment is working.
2. Cleanse the area as ordered by the physician, taking
care not to further irritate the skin to keep area clean
and prevent infection.
3. Provide cool moist compresses, dressings or tepid
tub baths to help relieve inflammation and itching,
debride lesions and soften crusts and scales.
4. Pat the skin dry rather than rubbing to prevent
further trauma.
5. Apply topical agents as per ordered to help
suppress inflammation.
23. Cont…
6. Provide skin care at bed time to help promote
comfortable sleep. Many antihistamines also have
a sedative effect.
7. Encourage patient to eat a high protein diet to
promote healing and replace lost protein.
8. Encourage use of gloves especially at night to
help prevent scratching.
9. Advise the patient to keep finger nail short to
prevent scratching.
10. Teach the patient that application of slight
pressure with a clean cloth may help relieve
itching.
24. Cont…
11. Allow patients to verbalize concerns only if they
wish to do so.
12. Refer to a support group, if available, to receive
support from others in similar circumstances.
13. Encourage to participate in skin care.
14. Encourage the patient to wear long sleeves or
other appropriate covering if the patient desired to
make the lesions less noticeable and the patient more
comfortable.
15. Assess patient’s baseline knowledge of condition
and treatment. Teaching should build on baseline
understanding.