Dengue fever is caused by four types of dengue virus transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It presents as a sudden onset of fever, headache, muscle and joint pains. In some cases it causes bleeding that can be life-threatening. There is no vaccine yet, so prevention focuses on eliminating mosquito breeding sites and using repellents, nets, and protective clothing. Community participation is key to controlling the mosquito and preventing the spread of this disease.

1. Dengue Fever
(Pronounced as Dhen Gey)
Facts we all need to know

2. Alternative Names
Onyong- Nyang Fever
West Nile Fever
Break Bone Fever
Dengue like Disease

3. Inter play of three factors
WE
Interaction
The Virus
The Mosquito

4. The Virus
Dengue Virus

5. The Dengue Virus
Four types (flavours)
Type 1 to 4 (named very cleverly)
Transmitted by mosquito –
Indian national airliner for most germs!

6. Dengue Virus
Electron Micrograms

7. The Aircraft for Dengue
Difficult name to pronounce?
We have to ask its parents (Zoologists)
Aedes aegypti
(Infected Female Mosquito)
mostly females are
dangerous anyway – joking!

8. Watch out ! This Mosquito
Day biting – normally catches us unaware
Loves / lives in fresh water in homes
Lays eggs preferentially in jars, discarded
containers, coconut shells, old tires etc.
Year round breeding
Tropical regions like our mother India are
its favorite zones.
It is an urban mosquito

9. The Aircraft (Aedes aegypti)

10. This special mosquito
Transmits
Many
Dangerous
illnesses

11. See our greatness!
Prevalent from centuries
Highly prevalent now

12. Dengue Fever
Dengue viruses – 4 flavours cause it
It is transmitted by a mosquito- the
Aedes aegypti
It is generally an animal virus
Man is accidentally infected
Other vertebrates are the reservoirs

13. Dengue Transmission Cycle

14. Dengue colourful features!
Clinical Features

15. Dengue Presentations
Like any other viral fever- not clear cut
Dengue Fever with Muscle pains
this is classical presentation in 90%
cases
Dengue Fever with bleeding in 7%
Dengue – the dangerous form in 3%

16. Bleeding from where?
Bleeding into skin
From Gums
From Nose
Into our food passages
Blood in urine

17. What do we experience ?
2–7 days after the mosquito had its dinner on
us we may develop
Sudden onset of fever, chills, headache
Back pain with severe muscle and joint pains
Pain behind the eyes and on moving the eyes
Nick name - Break bone fever- pains so severe
Red patches or spots on the skin
Mild nose bleeds
This is the ordinary classical
Non dangerous form!

18. What is the end result?
Complete recovery is the rule
Severe weakness many persist for
many days after the fever leaves us

19. Skin bleeds

20. Dengue – The bleeding form
Blood vessels are affected
There is severe oozing into tissues
Bleeding into all possible parts of body
Blood clotting mechanism is disrupted
Blood pressure falls and many end in
collapse and death
In the best centers 5% of this type of
Dengue will reach their forefathers

21. Bleeding into the eye

22. Large bleed into skin

23. Bleeding spots in skin
Normal
Dengue

24. Rare types of Dengue
Brain fever
Liver damage
Heart damage
Severe bleeding
into stomach

25. What are the tests needed?
Routine blood test
Tests to check the clotting process
Special tests to identify the Dengue
or its foot marks in our blood
Urine to check protein leak

26. Special Test (ELISA)
ELISA Plate
IgM-capture ELISA

27. Treatment of Dengue
Supportive measures – Mosquito screen
Avoid Aspirin and pain killers
Steroids should not be used
Plenty of water and salt are required
Children below 12 require careful watch
for dangerous form
No antibiotics are of proven value

28. Child with severe form of Dengue
Oxygen
IV Fluids
Special Care
See the tubes
every where
Frightening, isn’t it?

29. Common Misconceptions
Severe Dengue is only a childhood
illness –
No, All ages may be involved
Sever form is a problem of poor families
– No, The effluent do get very sick

30. Can we protect ourselves?
There is no vaccine available as yet
But we can prevent the disease by
preventing ourselves from mosquito bite

31. Mosquito Control
How to prevent mosquito spread?
1.
2.
3.
Do not allow empty vessels,
coconut shells, plastic containers,
flower pots, tires etc to collect rain
water in them
Frequently (once in 2-3 days)
empty all water storage containers
Cover your over tanks to prevent
mosquitoes breeding in fresh water

32. How to prevent mosquito bites?
Screen your homes with mosquito
screens like Netlon Wear full clothing – long sleeves
Apply mosquito repellents like Odomos
Keep Dengue fever patient
under mosquito net
True community participation is key

33. We need to learn
Each person is a Book !
Each Day is a Learning Opportunity!!
Learning has More Relevance
today than ever !!!

34. Reach Yours Sincerely @
Dr.SARMA RVSN
Voice : +91-4116-2309226, 260593
Mobile : +91- 93805 21221
E-mail : sarma.rvsn@gmail.com
Web site : http://www.drsarma.in
Snail mail :
3, Jayanagar, Tiruvallur
Tamilnadu, INDIA
Pin : 602 001

35. Thank You !