Dementia is a syndrome characterized by multiple cognitive defects including disturbing memory without disturbance of consciousness. It is caused by degenerative diseases, vascular issues, toxins, head trauma, and tumors. Dementia prevalence increases strongly with age, affecting 1% of those aged 60-69, 6% of those aged 75-79, and 45% of those over 95 years old. Diagnosis involves history, exams, imaging, and tests of cognitive abilities and daily living skills. Treatment focuses on drugs to address behaviors and cognition, as well as cognitive therapy.

1. DEMENTIA
Dr. Rahul Sharma
Associate Professor
H.O.D. of Mental Health Nursing
Ph. D Coordinator
Seedling School of Nursing,
Jaipur National University, Jaipur

3. INTRODUCTION
 The word ‘Dementia’ is derived from 2 latin words
i.e. ‘de’ means ‘away’ and ‘mentia’ means
‘mind’. IN latin dementia means ‘ irritationality’.
It is a late life disease as it tends to develop
mostly in elderly people.

4. Definition
A syndrome characterized by multiple
cognitive defects including disturbing
memory without disturbance of
consciousness.

5. CAUSES
 Degenerative diseases
 Vascular causes
 Toxic reaction
 Huntingtons disease
 Parkinsons disease
 Head trauma
 Brain tumor

6. TYPES
 CORTICAL DEMENTIA
 SUBCORTICAL DEMENTIA
 PROGRESSIVE DEMENTIA
 PRIMARY DEMENTIA
 SECONDARY DEMENTIA

7. Prevalence
 It is a disease which is strongly associated with age .
 1% of 60-60 years of age
 2% of 65_69 years of age
 6% of 75- 79 years of age
 20% of 85-89 years of age
 45% of 95 years of age and older

8. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
 Forgetfulness
 Difficulties with activity
 Language difficulty
 Impaired judgment
 Problem r/t to thinking
 No interest in their work and hobbies
 Confusion
 Drowsiness

9. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
 History taking
 Physical examination
 M.S.E
 CT SCAN
 MRI & MRA
 Neuro psychological test
 Assesment of activities of daily living

10. Treatment
ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS
ANTI DEPRESSANTS
ANTI ANXIETY DRUGS
COGNITIVE THERAPY