Intelligent and Smart Systems define the cutting edge of information technology now. They are invisible yet ubiquitous. From identifying individual student’s lack of attention to suggesting remedial measures, from predicting financial failures to preventing future fraud, and from assisting noninvasive surgery to guiding missiles to moving targets, the Artificial Intelligence based applications are stepping into every domain.
Numerous concerns have emerged in parallel. Should they be permitted to run a completely human less system? Can they be assigned all cognitive non routine tasks that humans are good at? Are they effective communicators and consensus builders? What role should they play in decision making? How good are they in picking up data compared to human senses? These and many other questions have surfaced in many fora.
Data used in model building adds another dimension. How unbiased are the data sets used in training? Can a data set be ever unbiased? What are the consequences of data bias in models and algorithms?
This talk explores the issues of setting the boundary for use of AI technology. Areas of concern are delineated, and principles of restraint advocated. It aims to inspire researchers to keep the boundary in mind as they explore new frontiers in AI and to design stable boundary line interfaces.
1) Current AI systems lack transparency and explainability, which reduces people's trust in applications like autonomous vehicles, financial management tools, and medical diagnoses.
2) For AI to be trustworthy, its decisions must be explained, fair, and free of bias. However, machine learning models are based on data patterns rather than formal logic, making explanations challenging.
3) Developing explainable AI requires techniques for understanding how models work, removing unfair biases, improving robustness, and making decisions transparent and traceable.
Invited talk on fairness in AI systems at the 2nd Workshop on Interactive Natural Language Technology for Explainable AI co-located with the International Conference on Natural Language Generation, 18/12/2020.
Fairness-aware learning: From single models to sequential ensemble learning a...Eirini Ntoutsi
An overview of fairness-aware learning: from batch-learning with single models to batch-learning with sequential ensembles and to fairness-aware learning over non-stationary data streams
AAISI AI Colloquium 30/3/2021: Bias in AI systemsEirini Ntoutsi
The document summarizes a presentation about bias in AI systems. It discusses understanding bias by examining how human biases enter AI systems through data and algorithms. It also covers approaches for mitigating bias, including pre-processing the data, changing the learning algorithm, and post-processing models. As an example, it describes changing decision tree algorithms to incorporate fairness metrics when selecting attributes for splits. The overall goal is to deal with bias at different stages of AI system development and deployment.
Data Reliability Challenges with Spark by Henning Kropp (Spark & Hadoop User ...Comsysto Reply GmbH
Current Data Lake projects are facing enormous issues over generating business value. According to Gartner, more than 65% of the projects are failing. The most common reasons for projects to fail are centered around data reliability and performance issues resulting in delays, complexity, and errors.
Delta is the next-generation analytics engine as part of the Databricks Runtime tackling some of the most challenging issues with Spark today. Delta provides ACID, Data Versioning, and Schema Enforcement on top of Apache Parquet. In this talk, we will discuss the current challenges and give a live demo of Delta.
Web 2.0 Collective Intelligence - How to use collective intelligence techniqu...Paul Gilbreath
Source: http://www.helioteixeira.org/ How to use Collective Intelligence techniques to ensure that your web application can extract valuable data from its usage and deliver that value right back to the users. (MODULE 1)
New Research Articles 2019 September Issue International Journal of Artificia...gerogepatton
The International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA). It is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of AI for researchers, programmers, and software and hardware manufacturers. The journal also aims to publish new attempts in the form of special issues on emerging areas in Artificial Intelligence and applications
1) Current AI systems lack transparency and explainability, which reduces people's trust in applications like autonomous vehicles, financial management tools, and medical diagnoses.
2) For AI to be trustworthy, its decisions must be explained, fair, and free of bias. However, machine learning models are based on data patterns rather than formal logic, making explanations challenging.
3) Developing explainable AI requires techniques for understanding how models work, removing unfair biases, improving robustness, and making decisions transparent and traceable.
Invited talk on fairness in AI systems at the 2nd Workshop on Interactive Natural Language Technology for Explainable AI co-located with the International Conference on Natural Language Generation, 18/12/2020.
Fairness-aware learning: From single models to sequential ensemble learning a...Eirini Ntoutsi
An overview of fairness-aware learning: from batch-learning with single models to batch-learning with sequential ensembles and to fairness-aware learning over non-stationary data streams
AAISI AI Colloquium 30/3/2021: Bias in AI systemsEirini Ntoutsi
The document summarizes a presentation about bias in AI systems. It discusses understanding bias by examining how human biases enter AI systems through data and algorithms. It also covers approaches for mitigating bias, including pre-processing the data, changing the learning algorithm, and post-processing models. As an example, it describes changing decision tree algorithms to incorporate fairness metrics when selecting attributes for splits. The overall goal is to deal with bias at different stages of AI system development and deployment.
Data Reliability Challenges with Spark by Henning Kropp (Spark & Hadoop User ...Comsysto Reply GmbH
Current Data Lake projects are facing enormous issues over generating business value. According to Gartner, more than 65% of the projects are failing. The most common reasons for projects to fail are centered around data reliability and performance issues resulting in delays, complexity, and errors.
Delta is the next-generation analytics engine as part of the Databricks Runtime tackling some of the most challenging issues with Spark today. Delta provides ACID, Data Versioning, and Schema Enforcement on top of Apache Parquet. In this talk, we will discuss the current challenges and give a live demo of Delta.
Web 2.0 Collective Intelligence - How to use collective intelligence techniqu...Paul Gilbreath
Source: http://www.helioteixeira.org/ How to use Collective Intelligence techniques to ensure that your web application can extract valuable data from its usage and deliver that value right back to the users. (MODULE 1)
New Research Articles 2019 September Issue International Journal of Artificia...gerogepatton
The International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA). It is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of AI for researchers, programmers, and software and hardware manufacturers. The journal also aims to publish new attempts in the form of special issues on emerging areas in Artificial Intelligence and applications
The document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence including:
- Definitions of AI as the science of making intelligent machines and duplicating human thought processes using computers.
- The goals of AI include replicating human intelligence, solving knowledge-intensive tasks, enhancing human-computer interaction, and developing intelligent agents.
- Some applications of AI are game playing, speech recognition, computer vision, expert systems, mathematical theorem proving, and scheduling/planning.
- Key issues in AI include representation of knowledge, search, inference, learning, planning, and building rational agents that can perceive environments through sensors and act through effectors.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: A...ijaia
Artificial Intelligence may revolutionize everything during the so-called fourth industrial revolution, which carries several emerging technologies and could progress without precedents in human history due to its speed and scope. Government, academia, industry, and civil society show interest in understanding the multidimensional impact of the emerging industrial revolution; however, its development is hard to predict. Experts consider emerging technologies could bring tremendous benefits to humanity; at the same time, they could pose an existential risk. This paper reviews the development and trends in AI, as well as the benefits, risks, and strategies in the field. During the course of the emerging industrial revolution, the common good may be achieved in a collaborative environment of shared interests and the hardest work will be the implementation and monitoring of projects at a global scale.
This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence and its applications in cyber defense. It discusses topics like what AI is, the Turing test, fields of AI like expert systems, neural networks and intelligent agents. It provides examples of expert systems and their architecture. It also discusses applications of AI like credit granting, information retrieval and virus detection. Neural networks are described as artificial representations of the human brain that try to simulate its learning process. Different types of neural networks like biological and artificial are also mentioned.
Artificial Intelligence Research Topics for PhD Manuscripts 2021 - PhdassistancePhD Assistance
This document discusses several artificial intelligence research topics that could be explored for a PhD thesis. It begins by introducing the rapid growth of AI in recent years. It then outlines topics such as machine learning, deep learning, reinforcement learning, robotics, natural language processing, computer vision, recommender systems, and the internet of things. For each topic, it provides a brief overview and lists some recent research papers as potential thesis ideas. In conclusion, the document aims to help PhD students interested in AI research by surveying the current state of the field and highlighting subtopics that could be investigated further.
The document announces a webinar on artificial intelligence and expert systems presented by Dr. R. Gunavathi, Head of the PG and Research Department of Computer Applications at Sree Saraswathi Thyagaraja College in Pollachi. The webinar agenda covers definitions of expert systems and their components, characteristics, examples, applications, and advantages and disadvantages. It also defines artificial intelligence and its components, characteristics, examples, applications, and advantages and disadvantages. The webinar aims to educate participants on these topics through presentations and discussions.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field of computer science focused on creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. Researchers are creating systems that can understand speech, beat humans at chess, and more. There is no single agreed upon definition of intelligence, as it involves complex mechanisms that are not fully understood. While early AI research aimed to simulate human intelligence, modern AI does not have to be biologically inspired. The field started in the 1940s and has made progress in areas like chess and pattern recognition, but fully human-level intelligence has not yet been achieved and likely requires new fundamental ideas.
1) The document defines AI literacy as a set of competencies that enables individuals to critically evaluate AI technologies, communicate effectively with AI, and use AI as a tool.
2) It proposes 15 competencies across 5 themes - what AI is, what it can do, how it works, how it should be used, and how people perceive it.
3) The competencies focus on understanding intelligence, different types of AI, their strengths/weaknesses, how machine learning and data work, ethics, and interpreting AI systems.
Basic questions about artificial intelligenceAqib Memon
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the science and engineering of creating intelligent machines, especially computer programs, though AI is not confined to biologically observable methods. There is no agreed upon definition of intelligence, but it involves computational abilities to achieve goals. While computers now exceed human abilities in some tasks like calculation, they still lack human-level intelligence because researchers do not fully understand the mechanisms that produce human-level intelligence. The ultimate goal of some AI researchers is to create computer programs with general human-level intelligence, but most believe new fundamental ideas are still required before reaching that level.
Computational Intelligence: concepts and applications using AthenaPedro Almir
Computational Intelligence (CI) is a sub-branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and is concentrated in the study of adaptive mechanisms to enable or facilitate intelligent behavior
in complex and changing environments. This presentation presents the key concepts of this area and how to use Athena to create intelligent systems. Athena is a visual tool developed aiming at offering a simple approach to the development of CI-based software systems, by dragging and dropping components in a visual environment, creating a new concept, that we call CI as a Service (CIaaS).
The document provides an overview of artificial intelligence (AI) including its aims, history, and current state. It defines AI as attempting to both understand human thinking and build intelligent entities by systematizing and automating intellectual tasks. The history of AI is discussed from its origins in the 1940s through various periods including its early enthusiasm, a realization of limitations, the rise of knowledge-based systems, AI becoming an industry, and its evolution into a science. Current capabilities are highlighted such as machine planning, chess playing, and medical diagnosis.
Internship report on AI , ML & IIOT and project responses full docsRakesh Arigela
The internship was conducted at Cognibot, a company that develops AI, machine learning, and IIoT systems. The internship objectives were to understand these technologies and their applications. The intern worked on projects involving home robots, emergency response robots, biomedical research, and FMCG manufacturing. Methodologies used included hierarchical control structures and component-based software development. The intern gained skills in Python programming, machine learning algorithms, and LabVIEW. Challenges included inconsistencies in product data. Benefits to the company include increasing its profile and community through reports on its work applying AI and robotics technologies.
This document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence (AI). It discusses definitions of intelligence and what AI aims to achieve, including acting humanly through techniques like the Turing Test. The document outlines key disciplines related to AI and provides a short history of the field from its origins in 1943 to modern successes. Challenges, conferences, courses and books relevant to AI are also listed. It concludes with questions and sources.
CS 561a: Introduction to Artificial Intelligencebutest
This document provides an overview and syllabus for a CS 561 Artificial Intelligence course. It introduces key topics that will be covered over the semester including intelligent agents, search, problem solving, logic, knowledge representation, reasoning, and learning. It outlines the course structure, assignments, exams and grading. Administrative details like the instructors, TAs, office hours and course website are also provided.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence & Associated Technologiesdbpublications
This paper reviews the meaning of artificial intelligence and its various advantages and disadvantages including its applications. It also considers the current progress of this technology in the real world and discusses the applications of AI in the fields of heavy industries, gaming, aviation, weather forecasting, expert systems with the focus being on expert systems. The paper concludes by analyzing the future potential of Artificial Intelligence.
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Ecosystemswashikmaryam
The ethics of AI go beyond just the technology itself. When we consider AI within the complex web of digital platforms and services (the digital ecosystem), new ethical concerns arise.
A big focus is on how AI decisions can be biased, reflecting the data it's trained on and potentially leading to discrimination. We also need to be mindful of privacy issues and how AI might be used to manipulate users.
To ensure ethical AI in digital ecosystems, we need to consider these potential pitfalls during development and use frameworks to make responsible choices. This includes reflecting on the decision-making process and how AI can be used for good.
In den letzten fünf Jahren ist das Ökosystem der auf KI basierten Anwendungen explodiert. Die Anwendungen haben jetzt schon einen grösseren Einfluss auf unser Leben, als den meisten Menschen bewusst ist. Mit den neuen Technologien sind Chancen und Risiken verbunden. Im Gegensatz zu den apokalyptischen Szenarien einer auf KI basierten Superintelligenz gibt es ganz reale Probleme mit diesen Systemen. Dieser Vortrag zeigt auf, wo diese Probleme liegen und warum es nötig ist, dass ein Diskurs darüber in der Politik und in der Öffentlichkeit immer dringlicher wird.
The document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence including:
- Definitions of AI as the science of making intelligent machines and duplicating human thought processes using computers.
- The goals of AI include replicating human intelligence, solving knowledge-intensive tasks, enhancing human-computer interaction, and developing intelligent agents.
- Some applications of AI are game playing, speech recognition, computer vision, expert systems, mathematical theorem proving, and scheduling/planning.
- Key issues in AI include representation of knowledge, search, inference, learning, planning, and building rational agents that can perceive environments through sensors and act through effectors.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: A...ijaia
Artificial Intelligence may revolutionize everything during the so-called fourth industrial revolution, which carries several emerging technologies and could progress without precedents in human history due to its speed and scope. Government, academia, industry, and civil society show interest in understanding the multidimensional impact of the emerging industrial revolution; however, its development is hard to predict. Experts consider emerging technologies could bring tremendous benefits to humanity; at the same time, they could pose an existential risk. This paper reviews the development and trends in AI, as well as the benefits, risks, and strategies in the field. During the course of the emerging industrial revolution, the common good may be achieved in a collaborative environment of shared interests and the hardest work will be the implementation and monitoring of projects at a global scale.
This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence and its applications in cyber defense. It discusses topics like what AI is, the Turing test, fields of AI like expert systems, neural networks and intelligent agents. It provides examples of expert systems and their architecture. It also discusses applications of AI like credit granting, information retrieval and virus detection. Neural networks are described as artificial representations of the human brain that try to simulate its learning process. Different types of neural networks like biological and artificial are also mentioned.
Artificial Intelligence Research Topics for PhD Manuscripts 2021 - PhdassistancePhD Assistance
This document discusses several artificial intelligence research topics that could be explored for a PhD thesis. It begins by introducing the rapid growth of AI in recent years. It then outlines topics such as machine learning, deep learning, reinforcement learning, robotics, natural language processing, computer vision, recommender systems, and the internet of things. For each topic, it provides a brief overview and lists some recent research papers as potential thesis ideas. In conclusion, the document aims to help PhD students interested in AI research by surveying the current state of the field and highlighting subtopics that could be investigated further.
The document announces a webinar on artificial intelligence and expert systems presented by Dr. R. Gunavathi, Head of the PG and Research Department of Computer Applications at Sree Saraswathi Thyagaraja College in Pollachi. The webinar agenda covers definitions of expert systems and their components, characteristics, examples, applications, and advantages and disadvantages. It also defines artificial intelligence and its components, characteristics, examples, applications, and advantages and disadvantages. The webinar aims to educate participants on these topics through presentations and discussions.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field of computer science focused on creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. Researchers are creating systems that can understand speech, beat humans at chess, and more. There is no single agreed upon definition of intelligence, as it involves complex mechanisms that are not fully understood. While early AI research aimed to simulate human intelligence, modern AI does not have to be biologically inspired. The field started in the 1940s and has made progress in areas like chess and pattern recognition, but fully human-level intelligence has not yet been achieved and likely requires new fundamental ideas.
1) The document defines AI literacy as a set of competencies that enables individuals to critically evaluate AI technologies, communicate effectively with AI, and use AI as a tool.
2) It proposes 15 competencies across 5 themes - what AI is, what it can do, how it works, how it should be used, and how people perceive it.
3) The competencies focus on understanding intelligence, different types of AI, their strengths/weaknesses, how machine learning and data work, ethics, and interpreting AI systems.
Basic questions about artificial intelligenceAqib Memon
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the science and engineering of creating intelligent machines, especially computer programs, though AI is not confined to biologically observable methods. There is no agreed upon definition of intelligence, but it involves computational abilities to achieve goals. While computers now exceed human abilities in some tasks like calculation, they still lack human-level intelligence because researchers do not fully understand the mechanisms that produce human-level intelligence. The ultimate goal of some AI researchers is to create computer programs with general human-level intelligence, but most believe new fundamental ideas are still required before reaching that level.
Computational Intelligence: concepts and applications using AthenaPedro Almir
Computational Intelligence (CI) is a sub-branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and is concentrated in the study of adaptive mechanisms to enable or facilitate intelligent behavior
in complex and changing environments. This presentation presents the key concepts of this area and how to use Athena to create intelligent systems. Athena is a visual tool developed aiming at offering a simple approach to the development of CI-based software systems, by dragging and dropping components in a visual environment, creating a new concept, that we call CI as a Service (CIaaS).
The document provides an overview of artificial intelligence (AI) including its aims, history, and current state. It defines AI as attempting to both understand human thinking and build intelligent entities by systematizing and automating intellectual tasks. The history of AI is discussed from its origins in the 1940s through various periods including its early enthusiasm, a realization of limitations, the rise of knowledge-based systems, AI becoming an industry, and its evolution into a science. Current capabilities are highlighted such as machine planning, chess playing, and medical diagnosis.
Internship report on AI , ML & IIOT and project responses full docsRakesh Arigela
The internship was conducted at Cognibot, a company that develops AI, machine learning, and IIoT systems. The internship objectives were to understand these technologies and their applications. The intern worked on projects involving home robots, emergency response robots, biomedical research, and FMCG manufacturing. Methodologies used included hierarchical control structures and component-based software development. The intern gained skills in Python programming, machine learning algorithms, and LabVIEW. Challenges included inconsistencies in product data. Benefits to the company include increasing its profile and community through reports on its work applying AI and robotics technologies.
This document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence (AI). It discusses definitions of intelligence and what AI aims to achieve, including acting humanly through techniques like the Turing Test. The document outlines key disciplines related to AI and provides a short history of the field from its origins in 1943 to modern successes. Challenges, conferences, courses and books relevant to AI are also listed. It concludes with questions and sources.
CS 561a: Introduction to Artificial Intelligencebutest
This document provides an overview and syllabus for a CS 561 Artificial Intelligence course. It introduces key topics that will be covered over the semester including intelligent agents, search, problem solving, logic, knowledge representation, reasoning, and learning. It outlines the course structure, assignments, exams and grading. Administrative details like the instructors, TAs, office hours and course website are also provided.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence & Associated Technologiesdbpublications
This paper reviews the meaning of artificial intelligence and its various advantages and disadvantages including its applications. It also considers the current progress of this technology in the real world and discusses the applications of AI in the fields of heavy industries, gaming, aviation, weather forecasting, expert systems with the focus being on expert systems. The paper concludes by analyzing the future potential of Artificial Intelligence.
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Ecosystemswashikmaryam
The ethics of AI go beyond just the technology itself. When we consider AI within the complex web of digital platforms and services (the digital ecosystem), new ethical concerns arise.
A big focus is on how AI decisions can be biased, reflecting the data it's trained on and potentially leading to discrimination. We also need to be mindful of privacy issues and how AI might be used to manipulate users.
To ensure ethical AI in digital ecosystems, we need to consider these potential pitfalls during development and use frameworks to make responsible choices. This includes reflecting on the decision-making process and how AI can be used for good.
In den letzten fünf Jahren ist das Ökosystem der auf KI basierten Anwendungen explodiert. Die Anwendungen haben jetzt schon einen grösseren Einfluss auf unser Leben, als den meisten Menschen bewusst ist. Mit den neuen Technologien sind Chancen und Risiken verbunden. Im Gegensatz zu den apokalyptischen Szenarien einer auf KI basierten Superintelligenz gibt es ganz reale Probleme mit diesen Systemen. Dieser Vortrag zeigt auf, wo diese Probleme liegen und warum es nötig ist, dass ein Diskurs darüber in der Politik und in der Öffentlichkeit immer dringlicher wird.
This document discusses trends and issues related to artificial intelligence (AI). It summarizes that AI is already being adopted in many areas like factories, homes, and businesses. While narrow AI exists today, general AI and super intelligence are still speculative. The global race for AI leadership involves major investment and development by the US, China, EU, and others. The document outlines challenges around AI including bias, data and privacy, responsibility, jobs, and autonomous weapons. It proposes an ethical framework for AI and emphasizes the need for multi-stakeholder cooperation to guide development of an ethical and beneficial AI future.
[DSC Europe 23] Shahab Anbarjafari - Generative AI: Impact of Responsible AIDataScienceConferenc1
Today, we embark on a journey into the realm of Generative AI (Gen AI), a force of innovation and possibility. We'll not only unveil the vast opportunities it offers but also confront the ethical challenges it poses. In the spirit of responsible innovation, we'll then dive deep into Responsible AI, illuminating the path to its implementation in this era of Gen AI. Join us for a profound exploration of this technological frontier, where our commitment to responsibility and foresight shapes the future.
Principles of Artificial Intelligence & Machine LearningJerry Lu
Artificial intelligence has captivated me since I worked on projects at Google that ranged from detecting fraud on Google Cloud to predicting subscriber retention on YouTube Red. Looking to broaden my professional experience, I then entered the world of venture capital by joining Baidu Ventures as its first summer investment associate where I got to work with amazingly talented founders building AI-focused startups.
Now at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, I am looking for opportunities to meet people with interesting AI-related ideas and learn about the newest innovations within the AI ecosystem. Within the first two months of business school, I connected with Nicholas Lind, a second-year Wharton MBA student who interned at IBM Watson as a data scientist. Immediately recognizing our common passion for AI, we produced a lunch-and-learn about AI and machine learning (ML) for our fellow classmates.
Using the following deck, we sought to:
- define artificial intelligence and describe its applications in business
- decode buzzwords such as “deep learning” and “cognitive computing”
- highlight analytical techniques and best practices used in AI / ML
- ultimately, educate future AI leaders
The lunch-and-learn was well received. When it became apparent that it was the topic at hand and not so much the free pizzas that attracted the overflowing audience, I was amazed at the level of interest. It was reassuring to hear that classmates were interested in learning more about the technology and its practical applications in solving everyday business challenges. Nick and I are now laying a foundation to make these workshops an ongoing effort so that more people across the various schools of engineering, design, and Penn at large can benefit.
With its focus on quantitative rigor, Wharton already feels like a perfect fit for me. In the next two years, I look forward to engaging with like-minded people, both in and out of the classroom, sharing my knowledge about AI with my peers, and learning from them in turn. By working together to expand Penn’s reach and reputation with respect to this new frontier, I’m confident that we can all grow into next-generation leaders who help drive companies forward in an era of artificial intelligence.
I’d love to hear what you think. If you found this post or the deck useful, please recommend them to your friends and colleagues!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbXEXGT3I9I&list=PLqJzTtkUiq54DDEEZvzisPlSGp_BadhNJ&index=8
Link of video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbXEXGT3I9I
This is a review of the keynote presented by Eric Horvitz, Managing Director, Microsoft, Redmond.
This keynote was presented at Computing Community Consortium in Washington DC on June-07-2016.
Eric has discussed about 3 things in his keynote: Healthcare, Agriculture and Transport.
Mainly he has focussed on Health care.
The goal of AI
Broad Spectrum of Opportunities for AI
Healthcare
Sciences
Transportation
Agriculture
Sustainability
Education
Governance
Criminal justice
Privacy & security
Emergency management
A work conducted in John Hopkins University
References:
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/AI_supporting_people_and_society_Eric_Horvitz.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rek3jjbYRLo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_winter
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/
Artificial intelligence dr bhanu ppt 13 09-2020BhanuSagar3
The document discusses a webinar on using artificial intelligence to advance pharmacy and healthcare in India. It will take place on September 13, 2020 from 2-3 pm, hosted by Prof. Bhanu P. S. Sagar. The webinar will cover the history of medical innovations using AI, how AI is applied in various fields like natural language processing and machine learning. It will also discuss the advantages of AI, such as reducing errors and facilitating difficult tasks. The types and applications of AI technology in the pharmaceutical industry will also be presented.
Artificial Intelligence Role in Modern Science Aims, Merits, Risks and Its Ap...ijtsrd
Artificial Intelligence AI is a growing field at the intersection of computer science, mathematics, and engineering, focused on creating machines capable of intelligent behavior. Over the years, AI has evolved from rule based systems to data driven approaches, prominently leveraging machine learning and deep learning. This evolution has led to AI systems capable of complex tasks such as pattern recognition, natural language processing, and decision making. The applications of AI are vast and diverse, permeating industries like healthcare, finance, automotive, retail, and education. AI driven technologies enable efficient automation, precise data analysis, personalized experiences, and improved decision making. However, with these advancements come ethical and culture concerns, including biases, data privacy, job displacement, and the responsible development and deployment of AI. Striking a balance between AIs potential and its associated risks necessitates a holistic approach, incorporating transparency, fairness, robust regulations, and ongoing research. This abstract encapsulates AIs transformative potential, emphasizing the importance of responsible AI development to ensure a positive impact on society while mitigating risks. Manish Verma "Artificial Intelligence Role in Modern Science: Aims, Merits, Risks and Its Applications" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59910.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/59910/artificial-intelligence-role-in-modern-science-aims-merits-risks-and-its-applications/manish-verma
"In 'Unleashing the Power of AI,' we delve into the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) across industries and its profound impact on society. From revolutionizing healthcare with personalized medicine to optimizing transportation with autonomous vehicles, AI is reshaping how we live, work, and interact with technology. Join us as we explore the latest advancements, real-world applications, and ethical considerations driving the AI revolution forward, unlocking new opportunities and shaping the future of innovation."
The document discusses various topics related to artificial intelligence including machine learning, deep learning, and data science. It defines AI as using human intelligence as a model to build intelligent machines. Machine learning is described as a type of AI that enables machines to learn from data to deliver predictive models without explicit programming. Deep learning is defined as a subset of machine learning using artificial neural networks inspired by the brain. Data science is focused on extracting knowledge from large datasets and applying insights to solve problems across many domains. The document provides examples of applications and use cases of these technologies.
This document discusses perspectives on artificial intelligence (AI) from technology leaders and experts. It summarizes views that AI will benefit humanity by helping to solve major challenges, but could also pose existential risks if not developed responsibly. The document also outlines how AI is rapidly advancing and transforming industries like automotive, healthcare, and personal assistance. While AI may displace some jobs, it could also create new types of work. Overall the document expresses an optimistic view of AI's potential if issues around ethics, safety, and economic impacts are adequately addressed.
Beyond-Accuracy Perspectives: Explainability and FairnessErasmo Purificato
Talk @ ISACT 2022: International Autumn School on Situation Awareness in Cognitive Technologies, co-located with ICHMS 2022, hosted by the University of Florida, November 16-19, 2022, Orlando, Florida, USA
Security in the age of Artificial IntelligenceFaction XYZ
The document discusses how artificial intelligence will impact security and introduces both opportunities and challenges. It describes current AI techniques like deep learning and how they are being applied to security domains such as malware detection, network anomaly detection, and insider threat detection. While AI has the potential to make systems more scalable and adaptive, it also introduces new vulnerabilities if misused to generate sophisticated attacks. The document argues for developing morality systems to ensure autonomous systems continue making moral decisions even if compromised.
This document summarizes a presentation on machine learning models, adversarial attacks, and defense strategies. It discusses adversarial attacks on machine learning systems, including GAN-based attacks. It then covers various defense strategies against adversarial attacks, such as filter-based adaptive defenses and outlier-based defenses. The presentation also addresses issues around bias in AI systems and the need for explainable and accountable AI.
The Ethical Journey of Artificial Intelligence- Navigating Privacy, Bias, and...VishnuPrasath86
Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as both a beacon of innovation and a forerunner of ethical issues in the grand tapestry of technological advancements. As computer based intelligence proceeds with its consistent walk, it presents a bunch of complicated moral contemplations that request our consideration. In this article, we set out on a provocative excursion, investigating three conspicuous moral difficulties related with man-made intelligence: security concerns, inclination predicaments, and the phantom of occupation removal. 10 major difficulties and factors that require our attention are as follows:
Artificial intelligence works by ingesting large amounts of labeled training data to analyze for patterns and correlations. These patterns are used to make predictions about future states. There are four types of AI: 1) Reactive Machines that perform basic operations without learning; 2) Limited Memory types that can store previous data/predictions to make better predictions; 3) Theory of Mind types that begin to interact with human thoughts and emotions; and 4) hypothetical Self Aware types with independent intelligence. The document discusses several applications of AI including healthcare for drug development, robotics for delivery, and education for automating administrative tasks.
This document provides an overview of artificial intelligence and machine learning. It begins by defining AI as computer systems that can perform tasks autonomously and adaptively. Machine learning is described as getting computers to learn without being explicitly programmed. Examples of machine learning in daily life are discussed. The basics of supervised and unsupervised learning are explained. Ethical issues around AI like bias, fairness, and determining appropriate use are then discussed. Options for addressing these issues like ensuring diversity of data and viewpoints are presented. The document concludes by providing recommendations for further learning.
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Defining the boundary for AI research in Intelligent Systems Dec 2021
1. Research Scholars’ Colloquium 2021 (RSC'21)
on Intelligent and Smart Systems
Research & Industry Symposium in honour of
Shri. F.C. Kohli, Father of Indian Software Industry
Organized by
SSN College of Engineering and supported by
ACM,CSI & IEEE CS Chennai Chapters
Defining Smart and Intelligent Systems Boundary
Dr. Parasuram Balasubramanian,
Founder & CEO, Theme Work Analytics,
Bangalore, India, 560041
Dec 3, 2021
2. Coverage
v Smart Vs Intelligent Systems
v Artificial Intelligence Definition
v AI Devices Classification
v AI Applications: present and Potential
v Cyber Physical Systems
v How far do machines Collaborate with humans ?
v Domains of concerns
v Survivorship Selection Bias
v Bias in Data, Model (Methodology) and Decisions
v Eliminating bias in AI Application Design
v AI vs Causality Determination
v AI Pitfalls
v The AI Dilemma
v The Boundary Setting Problem in AI
v Concept of Human Parity
v Measurement Criteria
v UNESCO Guidelines for ethical use of AI
v GOI ( MEITY) AI Focus
v Drawing the Boundary Line
v The AI Researcher’s Commitment
Ada Lovelace
Grace Hopper
Gladys West
3. Smart vs Intelligent Systems
Smart Systems
Ø Devices with embedded
software.
Ø Collect and Transfer
Data.
Ø May perform pre-
programmed Data
Processing functions.
Ø Resultant Action
Execution Control with
humans
Intelligent
Systems
(Future)
Ø Have self learning
capability.
Ø The algorithm can revise
its functionality based
on new knowledge
gained, much like a
humans..
Intelligent
Systems
(Current)
Ø Contain software with AI
functionality.
Ø Perform data processing,
analysis, inference and
decision making to a
predetermined limit.
4. The field of AI began at a 1956 workshop at Dartmouth College in USA [top]
attended by, from left, Oliver Selfridge, Nathaniel Rochester, Ray Solomonoff,
Marvin Minsky, an unidentified person, workshop organizer John McCarthy, and
Claude Shannon
AI Definition
"every aspect of learning or any other feature of
intelligence can in principle be so precisely described
that a machine can be made to simulate it."
Ø Intelligence demonstrated by machines.
Ø Machines performing tasks that require human
intelligence.
Ø Systems demonstrating human like intelligent
behaviours such as sensing, planning, learning,
reasoning, problem solving, knowledge
representation, perception, motion, and social
intelligence and creativity ( from European
Parliament Committee)
Ø IBM included Decision Making explicitly in its
definition.
5. The field of AI began at a 1956 workshop at Dartmouth College in USA [top]
attended by, from left, Oliver Selfridge, Nathaniel Rochester, Ray Solomonoff,
Marvin Minsky, an unidentified person, workshop organizer John McCarthy, and
Claude Shannon
AI Definition
Ø Many Auxiliary Questions
Ø Is it enough to teach machines to learn?
Ø Can AI machines be easily fooled?
Ø Can they ever learn how to handle new situations?
Ø How can we program them for non-interference, when
multiple robots are present in one scenario?
Ø Is it possible to teach the machines to deal with nuances
and caveats?
Ø Can a robot be programmed from being switched off?
Ø Can a robot be endowed with legal rights?
Two Fundamental Questions
Ø What tasks can be assigned to the machine?
Ø Can it be allowed to control execution?
6. AI Devices Classification
Reactive Machines Limited Memory Theory of Mind Self Awareness
Reference: https://www.govtech.com/computing/understanding-the-four-types-of-artificial-intelligence.html November 14, 2016 • Arend Hintze, Michigan State University
§ First Gen Robots,
Expert systems
§ No Memory
§ Cannot use past
experience in
current decisions
§ Run on algorithms
§ Need to be
programmed for
specific tasks.
§ Considered as
simple AI systems
§ Autonomous Cars
§ Use limited
memory to store
recent past data
to compare with
current data.
§ Transient memory,
§ Collaborative
Cyber Physical
Systems
§ Can understand
and mimic human
feelings and
thoughts.
§ Can modify
behaviour to
other objects’
expected
behaviour in the
neighbourhood
§ Currently in
science fiction
§ Machine with a
conscience.
§ Futuristic.
§ Self learning .
§ Can feel, think
and act like
humans.
Current
boundary
7. Alan Turing John McCarthy Marvin Minsky Ray Kurzweil
AI Applications : Present & Future
Manufacturing
Hazardous Area measurement
Asset Maintenance
Life cycle tracking of manufactured goods
Collaborative Production
Health Care
Drug Discovery
Genome Sequencing
Cancer Detection, Medical Diagnosis
Personalized Medicine
Assisted Care for elderly
Bio Informatics
Financial Services
Fraud Detection
Credit Risk Analysis
Portfolio Management
Government
Services
Traffic Management
Border Protection
River Management
Education Sector
Machine Translation
Lesson Tailoring
Agriculture
Crop & Soil Monitoring
Weather Prediction
Fertiliser & Pesticide Spraying
Internet and
e Commerce
Search Engine
Recommendation Systems
Natural Language Processing
Transportation
Autonomous Vehicles
Multi modal Design
Safety Management
Media & Entertainment
Media Programming
News Filtering
Story Generation
Security & Law
Enforcement
Person Identification
Image Recognition
Terrain Mapping
AI Core Technologies
v Machine Vision
v Speech Recognition
v Natural Language Processing
v Robotics
v Machine Learning
Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay
8. AlphaFold Is The Most Important Achievement In AI—Ever
https://www.forbes.com/sites/robtoews/2021/10/03/alphafold-is-the-most-important-achievement-in-ai-ever/
Rob Toews forbes Oct 3, 2021,07:34pm EDT
DeepMind's AlphaFold
represents the first
time a significant
scientific problem has
been solved by AI
what has AI actually accomplished or enabled that makes
a difference in the real world?
This summer, DeepMind delivered the strongest answer
yet to that question in the decades-long history of AI
research: AlphaFold, a software platform that will
revolutionize our understanding of biology
One of Life’s Great Mysteries
In 1972, in his acceptance speech for the Nobel Prize in
Chemistry, Christian Anfinsen made a historic prediction:
it should in principle be possible to determine a protein’s
three-dimensional shape based solely on the one-
dimensional string of molecules that comprise it.
Finding a solution to this puzzle, known as the “protein folding problem,”
has stood as a grand challenge in the field of biology for half a century
AI Applications : Present & Future
9. Raj Reddy
Cyber Physical Systems
Robotics
Robotics Drones
Cobots
Ø How to ensure Human and Equipment Safety in the vicinity?
Ø How to ensure Collaborative Work ?
Ø How to ensure Safety in Collaborative Work?
Ø How to ensure Privacy?
Jitendra Malik
Joseph Engelberger
v Subordination, Collaboration & Command
v Data Sharing vs. Decision Support
“ the obligation of
machines is to try to
optimize that aggregate
quality of human
experience”. [Customer
centric goals rather than
Seller focused goals]
10. How far do machines collaborate with humans?
Image Credit: https://www.cas.org/
It is harder to compete than collaborate with
human beings.
A 2021 Oct study at MIT Lincoln Laboratory
found that humans find it difficult to
understand the machine moves, feel they are
opaque and random : hence don’t trust
them.
It becomes an issue while defending missile
attacks or performing complex surgery,
together.
The field of teaming Intelligence (TI) is still
evolving
11. Domains of Concerns
v Human Safety
v Property Protection
v Information Security
v Bias in Data, Model( Methodology)
and Decisions
v Data Comprehensiveness in
representation
v Human Comprehension
v Absence of Causality
v Fear of the Unknown
Sunita Sarawagi
12. Survivorship Selection Bias
During WW2 bomber planes were returning to base in USA ,
after a combat with the German air defense guns.
They were examined to identify most hit areas , so that
protective armour can be added in select areas.
Abraham Wald, A Statistician from Columbia University
recommended the opposite ; that the non hit areas of cock
pit and motor need to be protected.
His argument that planes hit in those areas did not survive
or return. Hence they need to be strengthened.
That is known as Survivorship Selection Bias.
A data set is incomplete, if it contains only those that went
past successfully a selection criteria that is biased.
By Martin Grandjean (vector), McGeddon (picture), Cameron Moll (concept) - Own work,
CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=102017718
13. Bias in Data, Model (Methodology) and Decisions
Data Bias
Ø Reporting Bias
Ø Sample Bias *
Model Bias
Ø Mistaking Correlation
to causality
Ø Untested assumption
in Hypothesis
(Confirmation Bias)
Ø Confounding Variables
(lack of knowledge)
Ø (Over or under fitting)
Decision Bias
Ø Group Attribution
Ø Societal Bias
Truth Belief
Evidence
Accepted
Evidence
not used
Bias of any kind results in
incorrect decision.
14. Eliminating bias in AI Application Design
Data Bias
Ø Homogeneity check
Ø Sample Adequacy Check
Ø Proportional Representation check
Ø Pre checking intended output
parameters of the study
Model (Algorithm) Bias
Ø Process transparency
Ø Output explain ability
Ø Training data availability
Ø Algorithm steps being monitored
for intermediate outputs
Ø Building human in the loop for decision veto
Ø due consideration of such circumstances
pre- defined
Ø Building options at many steps
Ø Using a diverse team
Ø Correlation Causality trap avoidance
15. AI vs Causality Determination
ØML predicts outcomes but don’t understand Causality.
ØIt detects correlation but not causation.
ØLacks Generalization capability.
ØKnowledge of Cause Effect relationship is needed to
discover better solutions, Do What if Analysis without
material loss and to be cost effective
For many business applications such as Price Prediction, Object
Classification, Market Segmentation correlation is good enough.
But not for drug discovery, secondary effects of collision in AVs and
Robots
Reinforcement Learning, Hybrid
models of DL and Symbolic
Logic are WIP to evolve Causal
AI. But miles away.
Josh Tenenbaum, a
professor at MIT’s Center
for Brains Minds &
Machines and team have
designed an experiment to
show how DL falls short in
causal analysis
16. AI Pitfalls
Recommendation Engines in YouTube, Facebook etc. pushing
extreme or inflammatory content; indirectly assisting polarization
Gender, Race bias detected in Recruitment, Default Prediction and
Criminality assessment, Loan renewal
Unconscious bias in Society ( Stereotyping) unwittingly carried into
the model; remains undetected.
Unanticipated accidents, failures and loss in Autonomous Vehicles,
Cobots and Drones.
Over or under prediction of treatment levels, efficacy impact etc. in
health sector ( cancer detection, drug discovery)
Image manipulation possible through Adobe Photoshop’s super
resolution feature. Chrome, Facebook and Alexa seem to be
invading into our private space uninvited.
Technology in the hands of
the Darth Vaders?
Can we dare to put the code
as open source?
17. Data Gathering
Data Sharing
Decision Support
Decision Making
Decision Execution
Human
Safety
Privacy Causality
(Unknown)
Ethical
Security
Bias
Drones in
beach
AI for Riot
Control
Nursing Care in
emergency
Ward
Donee
Selection in
organ
transplant
Collateral
damage in AV
collision
Lesson tailoring
data with
Recruitment
System
Recommendation
Algorithm for
Cross Selling
(Target:Pregnancy)
Facial
Recognition
for Person
Authentication
AI for Loan
Default
Genie out of
the bottle
18. The AI Dilemma
The R2D2
Camp
Welcome AI with open arms. It can lead to unprecedented levels of
Productivity and Societal Advancement. It will be subservient and we
can coexist Harmoniously.
The
Terminator
Camp
AI is a minefield with potential for vast destruction as we walk
through. AI will dominate and control humans. We will be enslaved. It
is the biggest threat to mankind.
Ø Can we set the boundary in between Decision Support &
Decision Making instead of Decision Execution?
Ø Then we can retain the advantages of the AI Technology and still
create/preserve employment; Keep the world safe.
“ AI developments are more profound than fire or electricity” says Sundar Pichai.
Or Are we “summoning the demon” as Elon Musk thinks?
OR
19. The Boundary Setting Problem in AI
Ø Any research problem requires to be bounded. It has to define its scope and coverage.
Ø Universities and Research labs set these boundaries adhering to the legal framework and
societal considerations.
We run into
v Ethical issues when dealing with health care research
v Moral dilemmas in Genetic work
v Livelihood versus environmental protection in manufacturing industry
v Human Safety consideration in robotics
AI research and application go far beyond these issues; because
Ø What would confront us beyond the border scares humanity; It is an irreversible journey .
Ø The boundary needs constant resetting based on advancement and knowledge.
Ø It is a complex region with many factors under consideration.
Ø It pits scientists against policy makers.
20. . India Bangladesh Border prior to 2015
Ø Landmass of each in other’s territory
Ø 173 Enclaves in total
Ø Enclaves within Enclaves
Ø Weird problems of needing passport and visa
Ø More than 50,000 residents
Ø Exchange Territories
Ø Allow people freedom to move over, change or
retain citizenship
Ø Facilitate value realization
Problem
Solution
21. Concept of Human Parity
AI field Image/Object
Recognition
Speech
Recognition
Text reading
comprehension
Machine
Translation
Year Achieved 2016 2017 2018 2018
Accuracy
level (MS Data)
96% Error rate
5.1%
88.493% 69.9%
Machine Performance at an equal level of trained human experts
Good Enough to let
the machine handle
the task?
Ø It depends on the task and the application domain.
Ø For Security Clearance based on facial recognition, may not be sufficient.
Ø For delivering drugs based on care giver’s voice command, may be dangerous.
Ø For translation of sensitive information on an event ,to be shared in mass media, it may fall short.
Ø Can our “ value of life” considerations be handled fairly by machines in Organ Transplant?
Should we not hold the machine to a higher level of
responsibility than humans, in case of accidents?
22. Measurement Criteria
ØHuman Parity
ØAbsolute Error rate within 3 to 6 sigma.
ØEconomic Loss
ØInsurance Premia
ØSample Size needed
ØTrial Period until First Incidence
ØAbility to perform What If Analysis of the Context
Photo licensed under CC BY-NC-SA
Insurance Premia combines the loss value with loss probability. Sample Size is for destructive testing where
needed. Trial Period is used when we are unable to foresee the bearable risks. What If analysis of the Context is
required when Causality is yet to be determined.
23. UNESCO Guidelines for ethical use of AI
July2,2021 Paris Agreement among Member States. ;
to be ratified in November Conference:
Focused on promoting Human Rights and
Sustainable Development Goals
Issues covering transparency, Privacy, data
management and accountability covered in multiple
domains. Not to replicate real world biases online.
To provide governments and policy makers with a
global framework for AI. Regulation
Do no harm; to be ensured through risk assessment
procedures apriori
AI methods chosen should be appropriate to the
context and based on rigorous scientific foundation
Safety risk ( unwanted harm) and Security risk (
system vulnerabilities) addressed through entire life
cycle
Fairness and non discrimination across countries
adhering to the International Law.
Privacy, Data Protection adequacy ensured through
policies, guidelines and enforcement mechanism.
Human oversight on all critical decision making.
Ultimate responsibility and accountability to rest
with humans all the time.
24. GOI ( MEITY) AI Focus
Ø Playing a proactive role to promote and to regulate AI
Developments.
Ø Expert teams have been formed to recommend the Form and
Structure and Rules of Engagement with AI.
Ø Has created a National AI portal for Knowledge Sharing.
Ø Published reports on Application Priority Domains for the Nation,
Data and Platform Management, Skill Development and Policy
Guidelines and structure for addressing concerns of Cyber Security,
Safety and Ethical issues.
Ø More work remains to be done.
25. Drawing the Boundary Line
It has to deal with
Ø Tasks Delegated or Assigned to the AI Device
Ø Domains of concern
Ø Classification of Core Vs Application of AI Technology
Ø Business Application areas
Specify the role and distinguish the accountability of
v Government ( Central or State),
v Industry Body and the
v Firm/ Institution
v Researcher
26. Drawing the Boundary Line : To act with Expediency..
Ø Form a Cyber Physical Systems Commission (CPSC) at the national
level
Ø Empower CPSC to issue Domain Specific Guidelines for all CPS ; to form
Special Focus Groups that are Application Specific (SFG-AS)
Ø Empower each SFG-AS to approve major products and solutions for
mass usage, through a comprehensive apriori testing procedure and
monitor field adherence.
Ø Legislate adherence to a self regulation process at the firm and
individual researcher level and ensure compliance.
27. Thank you
Drawing the Boundary Line : Researchers’ commitment
Ø To define research boundaries with abundant caution.
Ø To ensure data is unbiased
Ø To Alert against use of their research for unintended and
questionable purposes.
Ø To be mindful of need for causal analysis even in black box
techniques.
Ø To always perform a potential impact and consequence analysis of
their research recommendation
Many professions seek the performer to adhere to a code of conduct. Like the Hippocratic oath for Physicians
and Oath of Allegiance taken by the legislatures. AI researchers need to evolve and adhere to a personal and
voluntary Code of conduct.
28. Computer Science Pioneers
Ada Lovelace
19th
Century
Worked with Charles Babbage in his analytical Engine.
Considered as the world’s first computer programmer.
Grace Hopper
20th
Century
Computer programming pioneer. Machine independent Language originator. Lead to one the first high level
languages COBOL
Gladys West
Mid 20th
Century
Mathematician whose work lead to the invention of GPS
Alan Turing
(1912-1952)
Mathematician. Considered as the Father of theoretical computer science and AI
John McCarthy
(1927-2011)
Computer scientist, one of the AI pioneers.
Developer of LISP language and Time Sharing concepts.
Marvin Minsky
(1927-2016)
Cognitive and computer Scientist. AI Pioneer. Cofounded MIT’s AI laboratory. Laid the foundation for Artificial
Neural Networks.
Ray Kurzweil
(1948-)
Inventor and a Businessman. Student of Minsky. OCR, Text to Speech synthesis, Speech Recognition Technology
and more.
Sangamitra
Bandyopadhyay
Computer Scientist , Director at Indian Statistical Institute. Leader in Computational Biology, AI, Patter
Recognition, ML, Bio Informatics
Joseph Engelberger
(1925-2015)
Physicist, Engineer & Entrepreneur. Considered father of Robotics. Invented the first industrial robot Unimate in
1950s.
Raj Reddy
(1937-)
Computer Scientist. Leader in Robotics and AI. Founder the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University.
Jitendra Malik
(1960-)
Computer Scientist And Professor at UC, Berkley.
Computer Vision Expert.
Sunita Sarawagi Computer Scientist and Professor at IIT Bombay. Leader and Expert in databases, data mining, ML, NLP.
Josh Tenenbaum Professor of computer Science at MIT. Computational Cognitive Science Expert. Mathematical Psychologist.
29. Cyber Physical Systems: role of Digital Twins
Ø Digital Twins Technology works by creating a Digital Image of
the Asset as well as by preserving the domain knowledge
relating to the asset’s technical operations in a given
environment.
Ø Hence it facilitates What If analysis performed on the DT to
evaluate scenarios ahead of time to guide in optimal decision
making. The best decision can then be operationalized on the
Physical Asset.
Ø IoT data collected in the field, can be fed to the DT to ascertain
the true and current status of the equipment and also to
record the results of Action taken.
Ø The latter can be utilized to validate the predicted and expected
results of the action (as determined earlier in the What If
analysis} and the correction needed for the predictive
algorithm.
Ø Hence it is a superb value adding tool to enhance human safety
and minimize cost of design or operations.
Ø The simulation and optimization capabilities of the DT form part
of its AI features.
Ø DT can be a means to determine
the boundary for safe operations, in
complex systems.
30. Conceive & Design
Implement & Maintain
Provide Services
HRD for Smart Systems: Skill Sets Trifurcation Model
Generic
Products and
Services
Apply at
Specific
Client sites
To end
customers
Design Skills
Impl & Maint. Skills
Deployment Skills
31. USA Jobs at High Risks over two decades
MostVulnerable
Retail Salesperson
Fast food and counter workers
Secretaries & Admin Assistants
Cashiers
Office Clerks
15 million jobs would be lost
by 2025
LeastVulnerable
Registered Nurses
School Teachers
General Managers
Software Developers
First Line Supervisors
Routine physical and cognitive function tasks face the highest risk of
elimination. Jobs with substantive human interaction, coordination and
tech development are projected to grow.
32. “Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained : Workforce Transitions in a time of Automation “ Mckinsey Global Institute report Dec 2017
Under midpoint scenario for automation
adoption 2016-30 Jobs Lost, Jobs modified
Global
China India
USA
Germany
15 % of
work force
= 400m
24 %
9 %
16 %
23 %
TransitioningWork Force =75m to 375 m
50m
60 % of the jobs have automation possibility of atleast 30 % of the tasks
long term scenario….
The Mckinsey study with a wide scope estimates the loss
of nearly 400 m jobs globally by 2030