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By Dilouar Hossain
Topic: DC Generator
Generator Characteristics
DC Generator Characteristics
1. No-load saturation Characteristic (E0/If)
 It is also known as Magnetic Characteristic or Open-circuit
Characteristic. It shows the relation between the no-load
generated e.m.f. in armature, E0 and the field or exciting
current If at a given fixed speed. It is just the magnetisation
curve for the material of the electromagnets.
 Its shape is practically the same for all generators whether
separately-excited or self-excited.
2. Internal or Total Characteristic (E/Ia)
 It gives the relation between the e.m.f. E actually induces in
the armature (after allowing for the demagnetising effect of
armature reaction) and the armature current Ia.
 This characteristic is of interest mainly to the designer
3. External Characteristic (V/I)
 It is also referred to as performance characteristic or
sometimes voltage-regulating curve.
 It gives relation between that terminal voltage V and
the load current I. This curve lies below the internal
characteristic because it takes into account the voltage
drop over the armature circuit resistance.
 The values of V are obtained by subtracting IaRa from
corresponding values of E. This characteristic is of
great importance in judging the suitability of a
generator for a particular purpose.
External Characteristic
These are three main reasons for the drop in terminal voltage of a
shunt generator when under load.
 (i) Armature resistance drop :
As the load current increases, more and more voltage is
consumed in the ohmic resistance of the armature circuit.
Hence, the terminal voltage V = E − Ia Ra is decreased where
E is the induced e.m.f. in the armature under load condition.
 (ii) Armature reaction drop:
Due to the demagnetising effect of armature reaction, pole flux
is weakened and so the induced e.m.f. in the armature is
decreased.
 (iii) The drop in terminal voltage V due to (i) and (ii) results
in a decreased field current .
If which further reduces the induced e.m.f.
Shunt-generator characteristics
1.Armature-circuit
resistance,
2. Armature reaction,
3. Reduction in the field
current.
Thank you……

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Dc generator with machine 2

  • 1. Email- dilouarbd@gmail.com By Dilouar Hossain Topic: DC Generator
  • 3. DC Generator Characteristics 1. No-load saturation Characteristic (E0/If)  It is also known as Magnetic Characteristic or Open-circuit Characteristic. It shows the relation between the no-load generated e.m.f. in armature, E0 and the field or exciting current If at a given fixed speed. It is just the magnetisation curve for the material of the electromagnets.  Its shape is practically the same for all generators whether separately-excited or self-excited. 2. Internal or Total Characteristic (E/Ia)  It gives the relation between the e.m.f. E actually induces in the armature (after allowing for the demagnetising effect of armature reaction) and the armature current Ia.  This characteristic is of interest mainly to the designer
  • 4. 3. External Characteristic (V/I)  It is also referred to as performance characteristic or sometimes voltage-regulating curve.  It gives relation between that terminal voltage V and the load current I. This curve lies below the internal characteristic because it takes into account the voltage drop over the armature circuit resistance.  The values of V are obtained by subtracting IaRa from corresponding values of E. This characteristic is of great importance in judging the suitability of a generator for a particular purpose.
  • 5. External Characteristic These are three main reasons for the drop in terminal voltage of a shunt generator when under load.  (i) Armature resistance drop : As the load current increases, more and more voltage is consumed in the ohmic resistance of the armature circuit. Hence, the terminal voltage V = E − Ia Ra is decreased where E is the induced e.m.f. in the armature under load condition.  (ii) Armature reaction drop: Due to the demagnetising effect of armature reaction, pole flux is weakened and so the induced e.m.f. in the armature is decreased.  (iii) The drop in terminal voltage V due to (i) and (ii) results in a decreased field current . If which further reduces the induced e.m.f.