- The document discusses opportunities for upland aquaculture in Chin State, Myanmar. It provides details on fishpond ownership and species cultured in targeted villages, as well as fish farmer field school trainings conducted. A total of 76 farmers (55 male and 21 female) from 15 villages received training. Common practices like rice-bran feeding and high stocking densities are compared to good aquaculture practices introduced by MIID, such as lower densities and regular water quality monitoring. Challenges include limited suitable land and fingerling supply, as well as feed competition. Opportunities include high farmer interest in adopting better practices, potential for culturing indigenous species commercially, and increasing collaboration between the Department of Fisheries and communities

1. Opportunities for Upland Aquaculture:
Chin State
Presented by: Dawt Hlei Tial
Aquaculture Specialist

2. Fishpond Profile in Project
Targeted Villages
• Among 24 targeted villages, 18 villages are operating small-
scale aquaculture in their plots.
• 228 households owned 401 fishponds, the area of which
ranges from 12’×18’ to 100’×200’.
• Among 228 fishpond owners, 17 HHs also operate production
of fingerlings.
• Common Carp is the most common spp. cultured followed by
grass carp, river fishes. Silver carp was only found in one
village.

3. Fish farmers Field School
Training
FFFS training Number of
Villages
Number of
trainees
Sex disaggregated data
Male Female
1st FFFS Training
(August, 2017)
1 26 17 9
2nd FFFS Training
(March, 2018)
10 18 12 6
3rd FFFS Training
(June, 2018)
7 13 11 2
4th FFFS Training
(August, 2018)
12 19 15 4
Total 15 76 55 21

4. Fish spp. Cultured

5. Fish speciesof Chin State
Hakha Peng i hmuh kawh mi Nga phun pawl
Tilapia (Japan Nga)* Freshwater prawn (Ngai Kuang)* Common Carp (Shwe Wa Nga Gin)*
GrassCarp (Myat Sa Nga Gin)* Pangasius/ river catfish (Nga Tan) Mola Carplet (Tu Zu leng)
Mahseer (Nga Leng) Pond Loach (Cang Tial) Freshwater crab (cang ai)
Olive Barb (Nga Leng Var) Spiny eel (Nga Hler) Sucking loach(Nga Pum)
Snakehead fish (lung khuai) Weather Loach (Than Dul Duk) Mud Fish (Ti Balung)
Freshwater shrimp Phai Le Nga Vang Phu Pa (Nga Sang)
Nga Vang Nga Thla Lang Zang Lo
(* isused in aquaculture)

6. Practical Training on basic
Aquaculture and Experiment
• Two fishponds were hired and renovated in Chun Cung Village

7. Fish Species Cultured in Chun Cung
Fishponds
Common Carp
Grass Carp

8. Results and Discussion

9. Results and Discussion
Feed type Percentage mixed
Rice bran 70%
Fish meal 30%
Total 100%
Table 1) ration of feed formulation

10. Topics discussed during
training
A. Pond Excavation
B. Growth-out pond Management
C. Hatchery operation
D. Rice-fish culture
E. Culturing Indigenous fish spp.
F. Record keeping
G. Semi-natural propagation

11. TraditionalfishculturepracticesVsGoodAquaculturePractices_introduced
byMIID
Activities
Traditional practices
Practices
GAqPs
Practices
Selection of sites Far from villages and difficult access to
industrial infrastructure such as road,
reliable electrical power.
Encourage fish farmers to built fishponds
where there is better access to industrial
infrastructure.
Pond excavation One ponds to another was so near that
encouraging pond dikes to be destroyed
within short period of time.
Encourage to spare more space for between
fishponds so that stronger dike which will
last longer will be available
Cleaning and
sanitation
N/A Disinfection of pond before releasing
fingerling and after harvesting
Incoming Seed
stock/purchase
Procured within villages (100-
200kyats/Mandalay and Kalay (20-25
kyats excluding transportation cost)/not
knowing the background info or
knowledge about shippers
MIID made linkage between fish farmers
and DoF (Tlangzar Hatchery Operation) and
offer 25kyats-30kyats and guarantees us the
absent of any diseases in seed
Feeding Feeding occasionally only (once a
week/two week) mainly with rice bran
Encourage to feed once/twice a day
Stocking density No proper practices (e.g 2-5 fishes/ft2
which is too dense to hold for small
fishponds)
Lower the stocking density by 0.12 to 1
fingerling/ft2 to increase the growth rate
(1 Acre = 4000-5000 fingerling)
Water quality
management
N/A Encourage farmers to check their water
quality monthly basic (Tem, Transparency
and DO)

12. Water sources Commonly Used
for Fishponds
The main sources of water for fishponds are:
1) Sharing with Drinking water sources
2) Spring/seep
3) Creek
4) rivers
5) rain water
and so on…

13. Locally available feeds for
livestocks
Fish feed: competition with other livestock (pig, chicken etc.)
a. Rice bran
b. Banana leaves/trunks
c. Sulphur bean etc.
d. Corn
e. Broken rice
f. Frogs/other pest/insects/meat scraps (occasionally)
g. Grasses (in case of grass carp)
h. Kitchen waste
i. Nutrilla (occasionally/well off farmers only)
(seasonal feeds: guava, papaya, pumpkin and other fruits that are
abundantly available)

14. FishpondsinTargetedVillages

15. FishpondsinTargetedVillages

16. Pond Renovation for Training and Experimentation of Upland Aquaculture Practices
Month (2018-2019)
Nga zuat lio caan ah tuah dingmi rian Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March April May
A. Nga khor cawh caan (Pond excavation/renovation)
B. Vawlei pH tah Caan (soil pH sampling)
C. Nga khor caah tilaknak lim caan (water installation)
D. Nga khor remh caan (pond preparation)
a. Thung (lime) peih caan (applying lime)
b. Nga khor car ter caan (ni 3-4) (drying fishpond for 3-4 days)
c. Nga khor chung ah ti 1' thlah caan (Release1' of water in fishpond)
d. Nga khor chung ah nawn toih caan (applying manure/fertilizer)
e. Ti a chiat that tah caan (testing water quality)
f. Ngafa thlah caan (releasing fingerlings/breeders)
E. Nga rawl pek caan: Ni khat ah voi hnih (feeding)
F. Thla fatin tuah dingmi rian: Data Collection
a. Nga a hmet a ngan tah ding (a tawi sau/a rit zan)_(fish weight and
length)
b. Ti a chia le that tah ding (water quality)
i. Ti a kih le lum (Temperature)
ii. Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
iii. pH
iv. Ti a tiang le nawi tah ding
(tranparancy)
G. A herh caan ah nga khor zoh khenh ding (Occational pond preparation)
a. A herh caan ah nawn peih chap ding (Applying fertilizer when needed)
b. A herh caan ah ti thlen ding (water exchange)
H. A herh caan ah nga khor remh ding (pond maintance)
a. Nga khor a tlang remh ding (restoration of pond dike)
b. Nga khor tlang thianh hlimh le nga ral asimi rungrul te hna thah ding
(cleaning/elimination of grasses, aquatic weeds and insects)
I. Writing upland aquaculture training manual
Experimentsand Trainings for Developing
UplandAquacultureTraining Manual
collaborationwithDoF(ChinState)

17. Challenges
1) Limited suitable landscape for fishpond construction
2) Being prone to landslide discourage fish farmers to invest in
aquaculture.
3) Shortage in fingerling supply:
a. Reliant on supply from low land (Mandalay, Kalay etc).
b. Mortality rate was high due to long hours of travel.
4) Fish feed: competition with other livestock (pig, chicken etc.)
5) Limited experience and knowledge of fish farmers related to
aquaculture
6) Lack of upland related aquaculture training resources
7) Weak relationship between government and private sectors

18. Opportunities for Upland
Aquaculture
i. High interest among fish farmers in adopting GAqps in
order to increase fish production.
ii. Due to high demand on local fish spp. in market,
introduction of culturing indigenous fish spp. on
commercial level can be successful.
iii. The decline of fish population in rivers encourages
communities to invest more in aquaculture.
iv. Increasing interest of DoF to work more closely with
communities results in increased farmers’ confidence
regarding aquaculture operation.