Data_requirement_of_stock_assessment_5.ppt
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Stock assessments require both fishery-dependent and fishery-independent data. Fishery-dependent data is collected from fishing activities and includes recorded landings and portside sampling of catch. Fishery-independent data is collected through surveys conducted in the absence of fishing and can involve various gear types including trawls and acoustic surveys. Both biological data on the stock like age structure and growth rates, and fisheries data like catch and effort are used in stock assessments to evaluate the current status of commercially fished stocks and predict future responses to different fishing pressures.
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In contrast to the trawls designed to capture one species or group of species, there are the multi-species trawls or combination trawls which take a great variety of fish. The North Sea prawn and fish trawl is a combination net designed to capture Nephrops norvegicus or Norway prawns, plus demersal fish like cod, haddock, skate, monks, plaice and lemon sole. Most bottom trawls in the tropics and sub-tropics are multi-species trawls taking fish which vary greatly from each other in size and shape. There is no common selectivity factor and no common minimum size or length for the various species. For these fisheries, a mesh regulation is at best an inadequate means of reducing juvenile mortality. It can be aimed only at the smallest of the main commercial species.
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At what age does a fish attain a maturity
What is the perfect catchable or mark able size of the fish
It helps to calculate the life span and longevity of fish
It enables to estimate and compare growth rates of fish in different waters.
Good or bad growth can point out the suitability for rearing and stocking purposes
The timing of spawning migration of given species can be worked out .
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Aquaculture is an important sector that accounts for nearly half of global fish production. Effective fish farming requires technological input to design sustainable and profitable ventures. Various technologies are applied, including genetic improvement, disease prevention, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, and closed recirculation systems. Offshore cage and pen designs have also advanced, while integrated floating farms have been proposed. India has developed indigenous technologies through organizations like CIFA and RGCA, but has potential for further growth through adoption of new innovations and private sector collaboration. Overall, technological advances are helping to diversify and increase sustainable aquaculture globally.
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Indian fisheries management
The document discusses India's fisheries management. It notes that India has vast inland and marine fisheries resources that provide food and employment. Management is undertaken by both central and state governments and includes regulations on gear, seasons and habitat protection. Five-Year Plans have aimed to increase production sustainably. Community-based and co-management initiatives also play a role in governance. Key challenges include sustainably utilizing resources and balancing conservation and livelihoods.
Status of insurance in fisheries sector
This document discusses fisheries insurance in India. It outlines several insurance schemes and policies that provide coverage for risks in fisheries such as damage to fishing vessels, gear, and aquaculture stocks. It also describes schemes that provide life insurance or compensation to families of fishermen in cases of death or injury. Several insurance companies and organizations in India are involved in providing these services to fishermen and fish farmers.
Fish Stock Assessment in the Philippines. Chapter 1
A stock assessment is the process of collecting, analyzing, and reporting demographic information to determine changes in the abundance of fishery stocks in response to fishing and, to the extent possible, predict future trends of stock abundance.
Fairclough et al 2014 citizen science in fisheries science
Citizen science programs can provide large datasets to support fisheries stock assessments at a lower cost than traditional methods. A program called "Send us your skeletons" asks recreational fishers in Western Australia to voluntarily donate fish skeletons from their catch to allow scientists to extract biological data for stock assessments. This program has increased sample sizes and spatial/temporal coverage while reducing costs compared to alternative methods. It helps ensure sampling objectives are met to provide reliable scientific advice to fisheries managers.
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The exponential decay model is a corer-stone of the theory of exploited fish stocks because in exploited fish stock numbers surviving end to decrease exponentially with time and age according to total mortality.
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Trawl nets and bottom seines possess an initial selectiveness owing to their particular design and mode of operation. A mesh size limitation would vary considerably in effect from one type of trawl net to another. It is important therefore to consider gear selectivity and performance before we begin to think of mesh sizes and their effect.
Take a herring vinge trawl for example and two other bottom other trawls like the granton trawl and the shrimp trawl. All use otter boards, all are on the sea bed throughout the duration of the tow and all have the same basic structure of wings, square, bellies, bag and cod end. But their performances differ as much as those of a racing car, a truck and a tractor. All three nets could be fishing in the same area, yet the vinge trawl might take only herring, the granton trawl only demersal fish and the shrimp trawl primarily shrimp or prawn. Mesh size has little to do with this species selection. It is a function of other aspects of gear performance - speed of tow, headline height, ground contact, flow of water through the body of the net, otter door spread, length of ground-cables, and so on. The vinge trawl would have the smallest mesh in the cod end, yet it would take no cod, haddock or shrimp. The shrimp or prawn trawl would have a smaller mesh than the granton trawl yet it would capture only a small proportion of the bigger fish the granton trawl would take. To imagine that in these cases the size of mesh controls the size of fish caught would be as simplistic as to think that the respective speeds of the racing car, truck and tractor were determined by the size of their wheels.
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A mixed stock fishery consists of fish from a variety of ages, sizes, species, geographic origins, or genetic origins. This presents challenges for fisheries managers as it is difficult to target specific types of fish using most commercial fishing methods. Mixed stocks of a species can have significant morphological and biological differences between populations. Assessment of mixed tropical stock fisheries is more difficult than temperate stocks due to variations in spawning seasons, growth rates, and maturity sizes between cohorts within a species. Conventional stock assessment models designed for temperate species must be applied cautiously to mixed tropical stocks and require separate estimation of parameters like mortality, fishing effort, and growth.
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National quality standards have been introduced to protect public health and ensure fair trade practices. Standards are established for fish and fish products to ensure minimum levels of cleanliness and hygiene during handling, processing, and marketing. Standards fall into two main categories: safety standards, to protect against health hazards, and composition standards, to prevent fraud by ensuring food is pure and correctly labeled. The Bureau of Indian Standards has established over 50 national standards for fish and fishery products in India covering various aspects of quality.
ELECTRONIC FISH FINDING EQUIPMENTS
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This document discusses shore-based aquaculture and mariculture. It notes that aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms and involves interventions to enhance production. Shore-based aquaculture farms aquatic organisms in coastal land-based facilities using brackish or salt water, while mariculture farms in open ocean waters using cages or rafts. Globally, aquaculture production has grown significantly and accounts for nearly half of total fish production, led by China. Common aquaculture species include carps, shrimp, salmon and various mollusks.
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This document discusses overexploitation of wild fish stocks. It begins by explaining different types of overfishing including growth overfishing, recruitment overfishing, and ecosystem overfishing. It then provides examples of overexploited fish stocks in India like oil sardine, Indian mackerel, and Bombay duck. Studies on fish stock status in Karnataka and Kerala are mentioned, identifying certain species as depleted or declining. The document concludes by discussing the negative impacts of overexploitation, and some potential solutions like establishing marine protected areas and implementing fishing quotas.
Design & Construction of a model CARP hatchery
This document provides details on the design of components for a carp hatchery complex. It discusses calculating brood fish requirements based on production targets, sizing spawning and incubation pools, and estimating nursery pond area. Brood fish of 1300kg are needed for 50 million spawn production annually. A 5m diameter spawning pool and 2.4m diameter incubation pool are designed to support 30 lakh egg production. A 15,000 liter overhead water tank is sized to supply these units. A 2.5 hectare nursery area is required to rear 50 million fry over 5 crop cycles.
Age and growth
At what age does a fish attain a maturity
What is the perfect catchable or mark able size of the fish
It helps to calculate the life span and longevity of fish
It enables to estimate and compare growth rates of fish in different waters.
Good or bad growth can point out the suitability for rearing and stocking purposes
The timing of spawning migration of given species can be worked out .
Technological Advancements in Aquaculture
Aquaculture is an important sector that accounts for nearly half of global fish production. Effective fish farming requires technological input to design sustainable and profitable ventures. Various technologies are applied, including genetic improvement, disease prevention, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, and closed recirculation systems. Offshore cage and pen designs have also advanced, while integrated floating farms have been proposed. India has developed indigenous technologies through organizations like CIFA and RGCA, but has potential for further growth through adoption of new innovations and private sector collaboration. Overall, technological advances are helping to diversify and increase sustainable aquaculture globally.
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This document discusses various aspects of fisheries management including its aims, principles, factors to consider, tools, and advantages. Effective fisheries management requires understanding species, populations, environmental impacts, and implementing measures like regulated fishing, habitat improvements, and monitoring to balance exploitation with sustainable populations. Key goals are providing catch while maintaining populations above biological limits to prevent stock declines.
The Lay of the Land: Understanding Quahog Management in Rhode Island
The Lay of the Land: Understanding Quahog Management in Rhode Island presented by Jeff Mercer of the RI DEM at May 19th, 2014 Rhode Island Shellfish Management Plan Stakeholder meeting
Aquaculture by Brian Crawford, Ph.D.
The document discusses rebuilding depleted fish stocks in Ghana through sustainable fisheries management. It outlines the Coastal Resources Center's portfolio and work with Ghanaian communities to tackle issues like overfishing. Their goal is to establish healthy, well-planned coasts and thriving, resilient communities through projects that promote safe, sustainable seafood and empower citizens. One of their key projects involves working with communities in Ghana to rebuild depleted fish stocks through community-based management and other interventions.
Aquaculture
The document discusses rebuilding depleted fish stocks in Ghana through sustainable fisheries management. It outlines the Coastal Resources Center's portfolio and work with Ghanaian communities to tackle issues like overfishing. Their goal is to establish healthy, well-planned coasts and thriving, resilient communities through projects that promote safe, sustainable seafood and empower citizens. One of their key projects involves working with communities in Ghana to rebuild depleted fish stocks through community-based management and other interventions.
Analysis of Spatial and Socioeconomic Baseline Information and Fishing Profil...
This document summarizes an analysis of spatial and socioeconomic data from commercial fisheries in support of a Joint Management Plan Review for three National Marine Sanctuaries. It outlines using fishermen's local knowledge to create profiles of fisheries in the study area and analyzing data from the California Department of Fish and Game on species caught, gear used, landings, and locations. Interviews with 25 local fishermen were also conducted to identify and rank critical fishing grounds. Next steps included finalizing a report and developing an online GIS tool to interact with the data.
Fisheries management (Intermediate Marine Science)
The document discusses fisheries management practices for sustainable fisheries in the Maldives. It covers objectives of fisheries management including sustainable use of fish stocks. Methods of monitoring fish stocks such as tagging and stock assessment are described. Regulations for fisheries management including restrictions on fishing seasons, areas, gear and catch sizes are explained. The fishing industry in the Maldives and importance of fisheries resources are also summarized.
Cpue
Fishery-dependent data collection provides valuable information for fishery managers to develop management plans. It is important for managers to determine the most important data to collect and implement a data recording system before overfishing occurs. One common mistake is waiting until populations are imperiled before creating management plans. This document discusses various methods for collecting fishery-dependent data, including catch estimates, catch disposition, catch per unit effort (CPUE), and fishing effort measures. It provides examples of calculating CPUE for different gear types like gill nets and longlines. The document also covers raising factors used to expand sample data to total population estimates.
Techniques of fisheries management sudip
This document discusses various techniques for fisheries management, including both conventional and developmental techniques.
Conventional techniques include regulatory methods focused on controlling fishing operations to protect stocks, such as limiting fishing gear, catch quotas, and establishing fishing grounds and seasons. Developmental techniques involve creating comprehensive "master plans" to develop the fishing industry over a period of time through sectoral targets, statistical surveys, objective identification, and target preparation. Implementation and evaluation are also discussed. Regulatory techniques further classify controls as blanket or selective across the catching, processing, and marketing branches of the industry.
MSU Comments to Presidential Task Force on IUU Fishing and Seafood Fraud
Comments provided to the Presidential Task Force on IUU Fishing and Seafood Fraud, specifically on how to implement is recommendations for combatting IUU fishing and seafood fraud.
Developing Participatory Fisher Surveys to Monitor Fish Catch in the Mekong R...
Over 60 million people depend on fish from the Mekong and its tributaries for protein, and many engage in small-scale subsistence or commercial fishing. Accessible information on small-scale Mekong fisheries is essential to developing better estimates of the scope and scale of inland fisheries and understanding their contribution to the economy and food security. FISHBIO has been developing a participatory standard fish sampling program as part of a larger effort by several organizations to form a Mekong Fish Network among several organizations. The objective of the program is the regular, long-term collection of basic fishery-dependent data following robust, standardized methods, which will provide information on status and trends of Mekong fishes. Using participatory methods also engages local in data collection and enhances their capacity to enact conservation and sustainable fisheries co-management. Information generated from this monitoring will inform resource management through village-level regulations. In 2013, FISHBIO piloted the proposed sampling protocols in two villages of Lao People’s Democratic Republic in a district where there are no existing government programs to study wild capture fisheries. Local fishers were trained to record basic data on their catch each day they spent fishing, such as species name, fish length, total biomass, gear type and fishing effort. Fishers caught more than 54 species in the three-month period, including two species of commercially valuable fish listed as “endangered” on the IUCN Red List, Probarbus jullieni and Probarbus labeamajor. We are currently evaluating the survey protocols to explore their application to other settings in the Mekong Basin
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The document discusses Von Bertalanffy growth parameters which are used as input data in fish stock assessment methods. It describes how growth parameters like length infinity, growth coefficient, and initial condition parameter are estimated. These parameters differ between species, sexes, and stocks. They are determined from length frequency data, mark recapture experiments, and age and growth estimation from hard parts. The parameters are then used to estimate mortality and in yield/recruit models to assess fish stocks.
Indicators_of_dynamics_in_fishery_resource_7.ppt
This document discusses indicators that can be used to assess the dynamics and sustainability of fishery resources. It defines indicators as data collected for analytical or policy purposes. Good fishery indicators should be practical, cost-effective, and evaluate the state of fisheries systems and the impacts of policy changes. The document outlines several types of indicators, including biological indicators like relative biomass and biomass ratios, economic and social indicators like employment levels and trade, as well as data sources needed. It emphasizes using a suite of indicators that cover different issues and time scales.
Optimization of pelagic fishing efforts in muncar area , indonesia
This document summarizes an article that analyzed optimal fishing efforts in Muncar, Indonesia to balance biological, technical, social, and economic sustainability. The study used a multiple goal programming model to determine the optimal number of fishing devices (purse seine, gillnet, liftnet) that minimized deviations from sustainability goals. Results recommended reducing purse seine by 4 units and increasing gillnet by 5 units and liftnet by 27 units to balance ecology, social impacts, and economic profits over the long term. Maintaining sustainable yields of pelagic fish species was the highest priority goal.
Optimization of pelagic fishing efforts in muncar area , indonesia
This document summarizes an analysis of optimizing pelagic fishing efforts in the Muncar area of Indonesia. Data was collected through surveys of 134 fishermen using purse seine, gillnet, and liftnet fishing devices. The analysis used multiple goal programming to determine optimal fishing efforts based on biological, technical, social, and economic factors. The sustainability scenario recommended reducing purse seine by 4 units and increasing gillnet by 5 units and liftnet by 27 units. The economic profit scenario recommended reducing purse seine by 3 units, increasing gillnet by 15 units, and increasing liftnet by 16 units to maximize profits while maintaining sustainability. The analysis provides recommendations to optimize fishing efforts through reducing overexploitation while improving economic, social
ICES Scientific and Advisory process
1. The document discusses ICES' role in providing scientific advice for fisheries management in Europe and the boundary between science and policy. It describes how ICES developed reference points within a precautionary approach framework to advise on catch limits.
2. It analyzes the "TAC machine" which standardizes stock assessments to determine total allowable catches, and how this stabilized catch limits as a boundary object between science and management.
3. It traces ICES' struggle to define concepts like limit reference points and precautionary approach, showing how these were boundary ordering devices that standardized responsibilities but lacked transparency.
Data collection presentation
This document discusses fisheries data collection procedures in Kiribati. It begins by defining what data is and explaining why data collection is important for sustainable fisheries management and monitoring. It then outlines the procedures for storing data, including registering, entering, scanning and filing log sheets, fishing reports, and observer data. Problems with data collection such as incomplete, missing, or untimely submitted data are also discussed. The document stresses that accurate and timely reporting of data is crucial for understanding the status of fisheries resources and ensuring compliance with licensing conditions, in order to manage fisheries and allow future access to resources.
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The Lay of the Land: Understanding Quahog Management in Rhode Island
The Lay of the Land: Understanding Quahog Management in Rhode Island
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Fisheries management (Intermediate Marine Science)
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MSU Comments to Presidential Task Force on IUU Fishing and Seafood Fraud
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Optimization of pelagic fishing efforts in muncar area , indonesia
Optimization of pelagic fishing efforts in muncar area , indonesia
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ABSTRACT
The J'BaFofi, or "Giant Spider," is a mainly legendary arachnid by reportedly inhabiting the dense rain forests of
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Order : Trombidiformes (Acarina) Class : Arachnida
Mites normally feed on the undersurface of the leaves but the symptoms are more easily seen on the uppersurface.
Tetranychids produce blotching (Spots) on the leaf-surface.
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One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
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Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
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Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
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Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
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This is a presentation on understanding the age of adolescence.
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coasts
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
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Data_requirement_of_stock_assessment_5.ppt
- 1. Data Requirement of Stock Assessment
- 2. Data requirement of stock assessment Data used in stock assessments can be classified as fishery-dependent data or fishery-independent data. Fishery-dependent data is collected from the fishing activities itself, using both commercial and recreational sources. There are a variety of methods for obtaining fishery- dependent data. The most common approach is to use recorded landings.
- 3. Data requirement of stock assessment conted.... Landings are a record of the amount of fish sold and the numbers are typically reported in total weight. Another common mode for acquiring fishery-dependent data is through portside sampling of the catch of both recreational and commercial fisherman to obtain age and length information on the stock. Other less common methods for obtaining data is through the use of onboard observers, self-reporting, telephone surveys, and vessel-monitoring surveys.
- 4. Data requirement of stock assessment conted.... Fishery-independent data is obtained in the absence of any fishing activity. The majority of this data is collected by state and federal agencies. A wide variety of methods and gear types are used to acquire fishery-independent data. Sampling equipment can include trawls, seines, acoustic and/or video surveys. The study may focus on a single species, multiple species, or a specific age range or cohort.
- 5. Data requirement of stock assessment conted.... Regardless of the method or approach, these surveys provide managers with an estimate of abundance. Mark and recapture studies are commonly used to estimate movement, migration, growth rate, natural mortality, and discard mortality. Stock assessments are often completed using both fishery-dependent and fishery-independent data. Stock assessments provide fisheries managers with the information that is used in the regulation of
- 6. Data requirement of stock assessment conted.... Biological and fisheries data are collected in a stock assessment. The biological data include details on the age structure of the stock, age at first spawning, fecundity, ratio of males to females in the stock, natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F), growth rate of the fish, spawning behavior, critical habitats, migratory habits, food preferences, and an estimate of either the total population or total biomass of the stock.
- 7. Data requirement of stock assessment conted.... The fisheries data include the kinds of fisherman in the fishery, commercial versus recreational, and the gear used amount of fish caught fishing age structure of the fish sex ratio, how the fish are marketed, the value of the fish to the different fisherman groups, and the time and geographic location of the best catches. Further, geographical boundaries of different stocks or populations are also defined in the assessment.
- 8. Data requirement of stock assessment conted.... From the combined biological and fisheries data, the current status and condition of the stock is defined and managers use this assessment to predict how in the future, stocks will respond to varying levels of fishing pressure. Ultimately managers want to reduce the levels of overfishing that occurs and restore stocks that have been overfished. For fish stock assessment studies, the growth of the fish and its age form the most necessary
- 9. Data requirement of stock assessment conted.... The age and growth data of a stock goes as input parameters for the estimation of growth parameters and mortality parameters. These two parameters along with selection parameters goes as input data for prediction models which will be dealt in the coming chapters. Fish stock assessment should be made for sex wise / stock wise separately. The results should be subsequently pooled for optimization of assessment.
- 10. Basic elements for the description of a fishery a) The input data, namely fishing effort. (Fishing effort is the product of the amount of gear in use times the duration of fishing activity.) Examples are – Trawling hours, trap days, diving hours, hook hours etc. b) The output data i.e. fish landed in fish landing centres c) Process which link the input and output data. Usually processes consist of biological process and the fishing operations. Models are processes that connect input and output data. Prediction could be made possible by processing input data by using models.
- 11. Basic elements for the description of a fisheryconted..... (i) For Analytic model Input – Age data (by hard parts, length frequency data (LFD or tagging). Process – Estimation of age and growth using the hard parts, LFD data. Growth parameters Mortality parameters Selection parameters Process – Yield estimation by different values of fishing mortality for a range of exploitation levels. Output - Estimation of MSY, standing stock biomass. Relative yield per recruit and to ascertain optimum mesh size of net for a given stock in question.
- 12. Basic elements for the description of a fisheryconted..... (ii) For Surplus production model Input: Catch and effort. Process: Estimation of CPUE for different years. Output: MSY, FMSY (iii) For swept area method Input: Survey data in a fleet Process: Estimation of swept area (velocity of trawl over ground when trawling, hr is the length of the head rope, time spent, wing speed etc. Output: Prediction of total biomass of a resource in a given area/ coast.
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