This document provides an introduction to database management systems (DBMS). It defines a database as an organized collection of data and explains that a DBMS is software that allows for the storage, organization, and retrieval of data from a database. The document then discusses different database models including hierarchical, network, relational, and object-oriented models. It provides examples and discusses advantages and disadvantages of each model.

1. What is DBMS? Explain defferent model of
DBMS?
Vandana Pradhan & Vijay Thorat
Tata Institute of social science,
Deonar Mumbai- 400088
Date:- 26th February 2015

2. Prasentation Content

Introduction to Database Management System

What is database

Examples of database application

What is DBMS

Work done by DBMS

Why Study DBMS

Types of Databases

Diffrent Types of Database Models

Conclusion

3. Introduction to Database Management System
What is Data?
Data means Facts and Figures that can be recorded in a system and have
special meaning attached to it Example – In General
Author ISBN Publisher Title
Published
Year
Krishan,
Kumar
9780706986389
Vikas Publishing
House Pvt Ltd
Theory Of
Classification 2008

4. Cont.......
As the need for data increased, We need to developed a
computer based system for storing and managing
data.

5. What is database

Database is an organized collection of data.

Collection of related data items stored in one place

Database acts like logical collection of relevant
data

Database is designed for offer an organized
mechanism for the purpose of storing, managing,
and retrieving information

6. The following are examples of database
application

Computerized library systems

Automated teller machines

flight reservation systems

Banking and Finance

Telecommunication

7. Example of databases
Search Engines:- May be you don't realise it but you probably use a
database almost everyday of your life. You will no doubt be familiar
with using a search engine like google.
Library database:- A library stores detail of all their books in a database.
When you want to know if a book is in stock in OPAC you can enter
either title, auther, or ISBN number and search information about the
book. You can find out how many copies are stored not only by your
SDTML Library but also other tiss branch libraries. The database also
records details of all the borrowers. When they return their books the
librarian will be informed if they are overdue and whether there are any
fines outstanding.

8. What is DBMS

DBMS is the collection of software for organizing the information in
a database that might contain routines of data input, verification,
storage, retrival, and combination.

DBMS are applications that interact with user to others applications
and database itself to capture and analyse data.

DBMS is a suit of computer software providing interface between
user's and the database.

They are so closely related the term database when used casually
often refers to both DBMS and the data its manipulates.

9. Cont.....
A database management system (DBMS) is system software for creating
and managing databases The DBMS provides users and programmers
with a systematic way to create, retrieve, update and manage data. A
DBMS makes it possible for end users to create, read, update and
delete data in a database. The DBMS essentially serves as an interface
between the database and end users or application programs ensuring
that data is consistently organized and remains easily accessible.

10. Work done by DBMS
The DBMS manages three important things: the data, the
database engine that allows data to be accessed, locked and
modified and the database schema which defines the database’s
logical structure. These three foundational elements help
provide concurrency, security, data integrity and uniform
administration Procedures.

11. Cont....
The DBMS is perhaps most useful for providing a centralized view of data that
can be accessed by multiple users, from multiple locations, in a controlled
manner. E.g (Exam Result)
A DBMS can limit what data the end user sees, as well as how that end user can
view the data, providing many views of a single database schema. End users
and software programs are free from having to understand where the data is
physically located or on what type of storage media it resides because the
DBMS handles all requests.

12. Why Study DBMS
Because now a days database is every where :-

Library Catalouge (OPAC)

Institutional Repositories / Digital Libraries

Library Management System (KOHA)
Example:- In General ( IRCTC Booking ) Journey Bombay to Delhi
Examples of DBMS :- 1) MySQL, PostgreSQL 2) Microsoft Access
3) SQL Serve 4) FileMaker
5) Oracle 6) RDBMS

13. Database Management System
Software which decide
Attributes of the data
Store House Of Data
Database Appication
Software
User
DBMS
Database

14. Types of Databases
Based on Content :-
Bibliographic database
Full text databas
Indexing and Abstracting
Based on Application (area) :-
Banking
Insurance
Health, Hospitals
Based on Mode of Access :-
Online databse (internet)
Offline database (intranet)
Mobile database

15. Diffrent Types of Database Models

Hierarchical Model

Network Model

Relational Model

Object Oriented Model

16. Hierarchical Model

Data is Organized into a simple tree like structure

It was the first DBMS Model (1960's)

Data is Stored Hierarchically either in top down or bottom up

Data is repersented using parent child relationship

Each parent can have many childern but children have only one
parent.

All attributes of specific records are listed under entity types

Entity type is nathing but a table

Each individual record is represented as a row

Each individual attributes is represented as a colums

17. Example

Name is Entity

Poonam is Attributes

Full Table is Record
Name Age Place Contact
Poonam 24 Aurangabad 7738988432
Aditi 23 Mumbai 9833082107

18. Advantages Of Hierarchical Model

Conceptual Simplicity

Security: given by DBMS it self

Simple Creation, Manipulation and accesss of data

Good database integrity means data related in
proper manner

Data independence

Efficiency: Produces high performance databse

19. Disadvantages Of Hierarchical Model

Complex Implementation

Difficult to Manage

Lack of structural independence

Complex application programing

Limitations in Implementation

20. Network Model

Like hierachical model this uses pointers towards data

Allows each record to have multiple parent child
records

Not Neccessarily a downwords tree struture

Entities are organized in a graph in which some entities
can be accessed through several paths.

21. Advantages Of Network Model

Simple Design

Ability to Handle Many Relationship

Easy To data Access

Data Integerity (Current data, Specific, Fixed)

Data Independence:
- Application Programmes work independently of the data.
- Any Change mode to the data do not affect Application
Programme.

22. Disadvantages Of Network Model

System Complexity

Lack of Structural Independece

Less Popular

23. Relational Model

First proposed by “Edgor Cod” (1969) Computer Scientist
who invented relational model for database management.

It Simplifies the database structure (data represented) by the
used of tables and colums.

RDBMS is a database management system based on
relational model.

One of the most commonly used model.

24. Advantages of Relational Model

Relational Algebra: Relational database supports relational
algebra and relational operations of the set theoty like Union,
Intersection, Diffrence etc.

Dyanamic views: In relational database model, view is not past
of physical schema it is always dyanamic.

Excellent data Security : Support the concept of users rights,
meets security of databases.

Scaling up : Can be scated upto new hardware technology

25. Object Oriented Model

Data Stored in the form of objects, the structure which are called
“Classes” that display data within it.

Defines database as a collection of objects that contains both data
members values and operations that are allowed on the data.

Inter-relationship and constraints are implemented through objects and
links.

Evolved to handke more complex applications such as database for
scientific experiments, geographic information system, CAD (computer
Aided Design).

The DBMS developed using this mode is called OODBMS.

Object model deal with data as higher level (with object surounding
data).

Combine the capabilities of object oriented programming languag
( Example: C++, Java)

26. Advantages & Disadvantage of Object Oriented Model
Advantages :-Advantages :-

Provide a clear modular structure which is good for
defining Abstract data types.

Model is easy to maintain and modify existing code as we
can create new model with small change.
Disadvantages :-

Model is often provided through object oriented language
such as (C++, Java).

Practically very complex and in applicable in many times.

27. Conclusion
A DBMS is a systematic operational system which consists of tools
making data, data saving and data manipulation an easier task. DBMS
is the majorly used through out the wold for data handling. Thus its a
good data manager till today. If some one ask you question How do we
protect data form crashes? Why to complicated?
The solution is to get A DBMS