This document discusses different types of dams used to hold back water and raise its level. It describes earth dams, rock fill dams, gravity dams, arch dams, steel dams, buttress dams, timber dams, and rubber dams. Earth dams are embankments created from compacted soil, sand, clay or rock. Rock fill dams use compacted rock and transfer force downward. Gravity dams rely on their own weight to resist water pressure. Arch dams are curved upstream and strengthen under water pressure.

1. .
a barrier constructed to hold back water and raise its level, forming a
reservoir used to generate electricity or as a water supply.

2. Different types of dams
1. Earth dams
2. Rock fill dams
3. Gravity dams
4. Arch dams
5. Steel dams
6. Buttress dams
7. Timber dams
8. Rubber dams

3. Earth dams :-
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the
placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various
compositions of soil, sand, clay, or rock. It has a semi-pervious waterproof
natural covering for its surface and a dense, impervious core.

4. Rock fill dams:-
 A rockfill dam is a type of embankment dam which comprises primarily compacted rock
materials. Shaped much like a bank or hill, rockfill dams are effective because the
force of the river or reservoir hits the core of the embankment, is exerted in a
downward direction, and transferred to the solid foundation of the dam.

5. Gravity dams:-
 A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and
designed to hold back water by primarily utilizing the weight of the material
alone to resist the horizontal pressure of water pushing against it. ... Gravity
dams provide some advantages over embankment dams.

6. Arch dams:-
 An arch dam is a solid dam made of concrete that is curved upstream in plan.
The arch dam is designed so that the force of the water against it, known as
hydrostatic pressure, presses against the arch, compressing and strengthening
the structure as it pushes into its foundation or abutments.

7. Steel dams:-
 A steel dam is a type of dam (a structure to impound or retard the flow of
water) that is made of steel, rather than the more common masonry,
earthworks, concrete or timber construction materials.

8. Buttress dam:-
 A steel dam is a type of dam (a structure to impound or retard the flow of
water) that is made of steel, rather than the more common masonry,
earthworks, concrete or timber construction materials.

9. Timber dams:-
 a dam whose main load-carrying structural elements are made of wood,
primarily coniferous varieties such as pine and fir. Timber dams are made for
small heads (2-4 m or, rarely, 4-8 m) and usually have sluices; according to
the design of the apron they are divided into pile, crib, pile-crib, and
buttressed dams.

10. Rubber dams:-

11. Created by
Subin kumar Behera
Satyajit Behera
Suraj kumar Agarwal
Kuresh Chandra Triphaty