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CSA Symposium 2016 - Khalil Brown - Day 2 Session 1B
The document outlines a research initiative aimed at improving livestock production under prolonged drought conditions in the humid tropics through feed supplementation strategies and climate-smart practices. Key areas of focus include interventions to mitigate climate impacts on livestock and the development of a fodder pellet that enhances feed quality and availability. Research findings suggest that optimal harvesting strategies and the use of silvopastoral systems can significantly benefit livestock performance and sustainability.
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CSA Symposium 2016 - Khalil Brown - Day 2 Session 1B
- 1. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit “Bodles Fodder Pellet” Title:Developing a feed supplementation strategy to enhance livestock production under prolonged drought conditions, in the humid tropics.
- 2. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Research and DevelopmentDivision: Livestock Research and Improvement Unit • Objective- Unlock potential through developing technology and Innovation • Current Research (feeding trials, forage studies, by product processing, genetic conservation) • Projects (Silvopastoral, Hay, CFC, NZ)
- 3. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Impact of ClimateChange on Livestock Production • Problems Identified: Impacts on animal physiology and impact on forage-based feeding systems. • Focus: Interventions to mitigate against fluctuating forage quality and availability
- 4. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Impact of ProlongedDrought and Heat on Livestock Production • Heat Stress • Reduced Dry Matter Intake • Reduced Growth Rate • Reduced Milk Production • Decreased Fertility • Increase Disease susceptibility • Death
- 5. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Climate Smart Strategiesfor Implementation Awareness Strategies • Pay attention to : 1. Weather Forecast 2. Animal Behavior Mitigation Strategies • Silvopastoral System • Ventilation • Water • Increase feed digestibility and quality • Increase Vitamin C or Niacin level • Selective Breeding for improved resistance
- 6. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit R&D Mitigation Strategies: •Increase feed digestibility and quality • Selection of heat and drought tolerant breeds of animals • Fodder conservation • Cultivation of drought tolerant forages • Establish harmony between animals and the available resources.
- 7. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Research Specific Strategies •Measure specific impacts on livestock systems • Future research into the nature of animal responses to changes in the environment. • Very little can be done to change the environment BUT!!!! • Management interventions can minimize the impact of changing climate on livestock productivity
- 8. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Silvopastoral System • Systematictree, shrub, grass and livestock combination • Improving livestock(ruminant) performance and its compatibility with the climate variability through the design and development of silvopastoral systems at paddock and livestock farm scale • Sustainable Pasture management and improvement activity
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- 10. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Project and ResearchScope • Design site specific systems for farmers • Increase, diversify fodder availability and income • Promotion of a simple sustainable pasture management system • Measure the impact on production and animal performance • Measure cost benefits to assess the impacts on the socio-economic climate that affects the livestock producer ($$).
- 11. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Colombia Silvopastoral System Eucalytus-Timber PanicumMaximum Challenge-Farmers in Colombia are now entering the cattle production, the reverse is applied for Jamaican Farmers Long term Crop- Timber Short term Crop- Livestock
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- 13. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Fodder Conservation During periodoff excess our objective is to ensure quality fodder is stored. Harvesting and storage strategy is a must. Live storage – fodder bank Drying - Hay Ensiling Pellet
- 14. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Fodder Pelletizing Project •Formulate a forage based pellet utilizing grass and shrubs harvested at optimal stage of development. • This experiment evaluated the effect of year, seasonal variation and cutting interval on the nutrient content, determined by proximate analysis, of five grass forages. • The objectives of the study were to evaluate the performance of various forage species and varieties and to determine the best utilization strategy for conserving fodder by creating a forage pellet. • Quality evaluation was done via proximate analysis
- 15. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Dwarf Napier (Pennisetum purpureum) Guineagrass (Panicum maximum) var. Green Panic Dwarf Elephant var. Mott (Pennisetum purpureum) Elephant var. Merkeron grass (Pennisetum purpureum) King Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Investigative parameters: Cutting Intevals-4,6,8 weeks Season Variation- Quarterly Nutrient Profile: Crude Protein, Fibre, Dry matter, Organic Matter
- 16. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Results • Average crudeprotein for selected forages was 8% over the three year period, dry matter and neutral detergent fibre were 70% and 48% respectively. 151413 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Year NDF BoxplotofNDF Species=KingGrass 151413 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 Year DM BoxplotofDM Species=KingGrass 151413 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 Year CP BoxplotofCP Species=KingGrass
- 17. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit The nutritive valueof forages varied significantly over cutting interval and time of year (P < 0.05). Interactive effects that showed significant (P<0.05) impact on crude protein were evaluated to determine ideal harvesting times for good quality forage.
- 18. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Benefits of FodderPellet • Increases dry matter intake • Increase utilization of ingredients • Reduce storage capacity • Sustainable Practice – Raw materials are available
- 19. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Benefits of FodderPellets • Can be fed to many classes of livestock – Poultry – Horses – Pigs – Sheep – Goat – Rabbits – Guinea pigs
- 20. ResearchandDevelopmentDivision LivestockResearchandImprovementUnit Conclusion • The “BodlesFodder Pellet” is a viable option for feeding livestock in the tropics. • Optimal harvesting strategies can maximize the quality of forage obtained for pelletizing. • Cost benefits of feed cost as well as alternative products from silvo-pastoral system realized. • Further research into in cooperating high protein plants into the fodder pellet.
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Editor's Notes
- #7 Feeding system aim to maximize use of good quality forage Animal genetics must be characterized to determine levels of adaptability . Moving forward we targeting the two biggest Animal production limitations ; NUTRITION and GENETICS
- #10 Multilocational trials – collect data in all parishes to accurately assess the performance of the recommended forages.
- #12 Diversification of existing system vs introducing a NEW system. This system seeks to enhance the profitability of existing pastoral systems providing economic spin offs.
- #13 Combinations of species are directly curtailed to suit the needs of the location. BEING VERY SPECIFIC!!!!