This document discusses effective listening skills. It defines listening as receiving, interpreting, and reacting to messages from speakers. Listening requires voluntary attention to interpret sounds and grasp meanings. The document outlines different types of listening like appreciative, empathetic, comprehensive, and critical listening. It also discusses traits of good listeners like being non-evaluative, paraphrasing, reflecting implications and hidden feelings, and inviting further contributions. Active listening is distinguished from passive listening. Tips are provided for dealing with distractions, continuous listening, and implications of effective listening in organizations. The next topic will be interviews.
Listening is the ability to accurately receive and interpret messages in the communication process.
Listening is key to all effective communication. Without the ability to listen effectively, messages are easily misunderstood.
There are five key active listening techniques you can use to help you become a more effective listener:
Pay Attention. Give the speaker your undivided attention, and acknowledge the message.
Show That You're Listening.
Provide Feedback.
Defer Judgment.
Respond Appropriately.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Listening is the ability to accurately receive and interpret messages in the communication process.
Listening is key to all effective communication. Without the ability to listen effectively, messages are easily misunderstood.
There are five key active listening techniques you can use to help you become a more effective listener:
Pay Attention. Give the speaker your undivided attention, and acknowledge the message.
Show That You're Listening.
Provide Feedback.
Defer Judgment.
Respond Appropriately.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
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CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
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2. Active Listening
Listening is an important skill
We can define listening as follows
Listening is a process of receiving, interpreting, and
reacting to a message received from the speaker.
No communication process is complete without
listening
According to Management guru Tom Peters, listening is
an essential management and leadership skill
2
3. Active Listening
Similarly effective listening is extremely important for
students, as they spend most of their time listening to
lectures
An Example
In a biology class, the teacher asked the students to refer to
the book entitled “Origin of Species” by Darwin. One of the
students sincerely rummaged through the library book-
shelves looking for “Orange and Peaches”, but to his utter
dismay, he just could not find it.
In reality this is an embarrassing situation that could
happen to any of us who do not listen attentively.
3
4. Active Listening
Several studies have indicated that Business people
spend almost 45% of their working time in
listening
Hearing and listening are not the same
People often use these two words interchangeably.
4
5. Active Listening
Hearing is dependent on the ears, and everyone can hear
without deliberate effort
Hearing is merely the vibration of sound waves on the eardrums
followed by the firing of electro-chemical impulses in the brain
On the other hand, listening requires voluntary attention and
then making sense of what is heard
It requires a conscious effort to interpret the sounds, grasp the
meanings of the words, and react to the message
The interpretation of sound signals is a cognitive act, which
completely depends on the knowledge of the listener and also on
his attitude towards the sender and the message
5
6. Types of Listening
1. Appreciative listening
This is listening for deriving aesthetic pleasure, as we do when
we listen to a comedian, musician, or entertainer
2. Empathetic listening
When we listen to a distressed friend who wants to vent his
feelings, we provide emotional and moral support in the form of
empathetic listening.
When psychiatrists listen to their patients, their listening is
classified as empathetic listening
6
7. Types of Listening
3. Comprehensive listening
This type of listening is needed in the class room when
students have to listen to the lecturer to understand and
comprehend the message.
Similarly, when someone is giving you directions to find the
location of a place, comprehensive listening is required to
receive and interpret the message.
7
8. 4. Critical listening
When the purpose is to accept or reject the message or to evaluate it
critically, one requires this type of listening.
For example
Listening to a sales person before making a purchase order
listening to politicians making their election campaign speech involves
critical listening
Similarly, when you read a book with the objective of writing a book review,
you use your critical abilities.
Although all these types of listening are important, we mainly involve
ourselves comprehensive and critical listening.
Even as students, you are primarily involved in these two types of listening
during classroom lectures or communicating work.
8
9. Traits of a Good Listener
1. Being Non-evaluative
Listener’s verbal and nonverbal behavior should suggest the speaker
that he is being properly heard and understood
Don’t evaluate the speaker for the ideas and feelings
Behavior should convey the impression that speaker is being accepted
without making any judgment of right or wrong, good or bad, suitable
or unsuitable
9
10. Traits of a Good Listener
2. Paraphrasing
One can simply paraphrase what the speaker has said and
enquire from the speaker whether you have heard it accurately
Use phrases like the following ones to ensure that you have
paraphrased the information correctly:
‘As I gather, you want to tell...
“So you mean to say that. ..
“Oh! your feeling towards.. .
“Do you mean that. ..
10
11. Traits of a Good Listener
3. Reflecting Implications
One should go a bit beyond the contents of the speaker
indicating him your appreciation for his ideas and where
they are leading
You can use phrases like:
“I am sure if you did that, you would be in a position to.. “So this
might lead to a result which. .
“So you are suggesting that we might..
“Will that help us to alleviate the problem of. .
11
12. Traits of a Good Listener
4. Reflecting Hidden Feelings
Sometimes, you have to go beyond the explicit feelings and contents of
what is being said to unravel the underlying feelings, intentions,
beliefs, or values that may be influencing the speaker’s words
You try to empathize or identify yourself with the speaker, to
experience what he or she feels
You can express your sentiments by using phrases such as:
“If I were in your place, I would not have handled the situation so well.”
“That must have been a satisfying experience.”
“If I was in such a situation, I would have sought the help of seniors.”
“If that had happened to me, I’d have been very upset.”
12
13. Traits of a Good Listener
5. Inviting Further Contributions
In a situation where you haven’t heard or understood
enough yet to respond with empathy and
understanding, prompt the speaker to give you more
information
Phrases such as the following can be used:
Can you throw more light on.
“It would be great if you can expand more on this.”
‘ that, what happened?”
“How did you react when.. .
13
14. Traits of a Good Listener
6. Responding Non-verbally
Show as an active listener by adopting certain postures and sending
non-verbal signals which communicate your interest in what the
speaker is saying
These include:
regular eye contact (without staring),
body leaning slightly towards the speaker;
head nods and a slightly titled head.
You can also occasionally use some receptive utterances as ‘yes’, ‘un-hum’, to
indicate that you are following what the speaker is saying.
But be careful not to over do the uh-huh’s
Attentive silence is more effective than too many grunts
14
15. Active Listening Vs Passive Listening
Listening to various forms of communication in an
unconscious manner is passive listening
e.g., While at the dining table, we glance at the television
while busy eating or talking to someone else and some sounds
enter our ears
Be alert to fully follow the dialogue and develop the ability
to listen to others patiently and carefully
Show keenness in the speaker and speech by his
expressions, alertness, and by asking questions about the
speech if required
15
16. Active Listening Vs Passive Listening
Exercise can certainly help you to improve your
listening skills:
Concentrate on the theme, supporting ideas, and also the
digression (departure from subject), if any, in the speech.
write down the gist of what you heard.
A person’s body language, or non-verbal communication is
involuntary and therefore, more truthful.
Pay considerable attention to the physical messages conveyed
by a speaker in order to assess the accuracy and sincerity of
his speech.
16
17. Dealing with Distractions
Train yourself to avoid physical distractions and concentrate
on the message fully
An attractive face in the room, sometimes even the fragrance
of perfume, can be the reason for distraction
A careful listener has to exercise a great deal of mental
discipline to remain focused on the message
Sometimes noise distracts the attention of the listener.
17
18. Continuous Listening
Often, after a period of continuous listening, people get tired and
start losing interest in the message
Many a time, such a problem arises because of ‘brain time’. On an
average, a person speaks around 130—150 words per minute but has the
capacity to listen to 600—700 words per minute.
Since a listener’s capacity to absorb information is much more than a
speaker’s ability to talk, a lot of time is available for the listener to
evaluate the message
Sometimes a listener focuses on the message in fragments and hence
complete attention is lost
Effective listening is only possible if the listener patiently listens to the
complete speech
Listeners require mental preparedness and energy to concentrate on
the speaker’s words as well as his non-verbal cues of communication
like posture, gesture, eye contact, facial expressions, etc.
18
19. Implications of Effective Listening
While working in an organization, you will use
your listening skills in a variety of situations:
listening to distressed and dissatisfied workers,
listening during telephonic conversations,
listening while taking instructions,
conducting meeting, seminars, presentations,
Listening patiently to employees enables the
managers to feel the pulse of the organization
19
20. Implications of Effective Listening
Demoralization sets in, leading to lowered productivity.
Effective listening is very vital for the success of an open-
door policy.
When employees are encouraged to freely walk into a manager’s
room and encouraged to speak up, they no longer harbor negative
feelings.
Iimproves working conditions and nurture harmony
and cohesion in the organization if both management and
employees listen to each other’s messages patiently
The morale of the organization as a whole is thereby
boosted, resulting in increased productivity
20