The document outlines the six stages of the counseling process: 1) Relationship building, 2) Assessment and diagnosis, 3) Formation of counseling goals, 4) Intervention and problem solving, 5) Termination and follow up, and 6) Research and evaluation. It provides details on the key activities and considerations for each stage, including developing trust, understanding the client's issues, setting collaborative goals, addressing problems, planned termination, and evaluating outcomes.

1. By
Smriti Ratnam
Vaishnavi
Aakanksha
Youvani
Ishita
Mansi
STAGE 1
RELATIONSHIP
BUILDING
STAGE 2
ASSESSMENT
DIAGNOSIS
STAGE 3
FORMATION OF
COUNSELING
GOALS
STAGE 4
INTERVENTION
AND PROBLEM
SOLVING
STAGE 5
TERMINATION
AND FOLLOW UP
STAGE 6
RESEARCH AND
EVALUATION

2.  The successful outcomes in counseling are associated with the
counselor – client relationship.
 The first step involves building a relationship and focusing on
engaging clients to explore issue that directly affect them.
 Interview is important because the client is reading the verbal and
nonverbal messages and make inference about the counselor and
the counseling situation .
 Counselor –offered conditions
1) Core conditions
2) Social influence mode
 Counselor – client offered conditions

3.  These conditions are related to how the counselor influence the
counseling process.
 It is relating to core conditions for effective counseling and the
Social Influence Model.
 Core conditions for successful counseling are empathic
understanding, unconditional positive regard, confrontation,
concreteness, congruence, respect, immediacy and self disclosure.
 Social Influence Model emphasizes the importance of counselor
offered conditions. It has two stages-
1) Stage one- the counselor attempts to be perceived by the
client as expert, attractive, and trustworthy. When this occurs, the
counselor establishes a power base.
2) Stage two- the counselor uses the power base to exert
positive influence on the client within counseling process.

4.  The working alliance is another concept that can be used to describe
the counseling relationship ,it include counselor and client offered
conditions.
 The working alliance have composed of three part:-
~ agreement between the counselor and client in term of the goals
of counseling.
~ agreement between the counselor and client in term of the task of
counseling.
~ emotional bond between the counselor and client.
 The strength of alliance depend upon counselor and client

5.  Psychological assessment is a process of testing that uses a combination of
techniques to help arrive at some hypotheses about a person and their behavior,
personality and capabilities. Psychological assessment is also referred to as
psychological testing, or performing a psychological battery on a person. It refers
to anything counsellors do to gather information and draw conclusions about the
concerns of client.
ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
Standardized Measures Non-Standardized Measures
 Mental health clinicians (psychiatrists, psychologists, and psychiatric nurse
practitioners) diagnose mental disorders using the criteria listed in the Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , also known as the DSM, published by
the American Psychiatric Association.
 Assessment and Diagnosis help a counselor develop an in-depth understanding of
a client and identifying mental disorders that requires attention.

6. WHAT
TO
ASSESS ?
Identifying
data
Problems
presented
Client’s
current
lifestyle
Family history
Personal
history
Description of
the client
during
interview

7.  Three functions that goals serves in the counseling process :-
1) motivational
2) educational
3) evaluative
 Motivational function – the clients are involved in establishing the
counseling goals. They may more be motivated when they have
specific , concrete goals to work toward . It is also important to
motivate clients to encourage to make a verbal commitment to work
on a specific counseling goal.
 Educational function – clients learn new skills and behaviors that
they can use functioning. During assertiveness training clients can
learn skills to enhance their functioning in interpersonal situations.
 Evaluative function – clear goals allow the counselor and client an
opportunity to evaluate process.

8.  There are two types of counseling goals :-
 # Process goals – this establish the conditions necessary to
make the counseling process work.
 # Outcome goals – this specify what the client hopes to
accomplish in counseling. The counselor and client should agree on
these goals and modify them as necessary.
 Five types of outcome goals :-
1) Facilitating behavior change :- some form of behavior change
is usually necessary for clients to resolve their concern.
2) Enhancing coping skills :- several development tasks and
associated coping mechanisms unique to the various stages of
development.
3) Promoting decision – making :- some clients have difficulty
making decision ,they feel like no matter what they do it will be
wrong.
4) Improving relationships :- a person who did not have a close
relationship with anyone was at risk for mental problems.
5) Facilitating the clients potential :- goals in this category are
more abstract and relate to the concept of self- realization and self
actualization.

9.  It is a way to communicate with client and solve the issues that
client is facing.
 It is good to begin with individual counseling for clients .
 Connecting clients problem with there medical history to find out
the proper solution of their disorder.
 Intervention and problem solving includes strategies to find out the
proper cure.
 strategies contain six stages :-
# Problem detection
# Problem definition
# Identification of alternative solution
# Decision-making
# Execution
# Verification

10. #TERMINATION:
 Timing of termination
 Prepare for termination
 Prepare the client
 Express appreciation
 Discuss perceptions about change
 Help the client to prepare for other goals
 Help the client to prepare for other goals
 Termination can be done when clients have worked through their concerns and are
able to proceed forward in their lives without the counselor's assistance.
 It is usually best for the counselor and client to agree on a termination date, reducing
the chance of premature termination or feelings of ambivalence.
 Termination should be planned several weeks in an advance to provide an
opportunity for the client to prepare psychologically. The counselor should also
arrange for appropriate follow-up with the client.

11.  An appointment for a formal follow-up counseling session can be made 2 to 4
weeks after the final session. This can allow the counselor and client adequate time
to evaluate how things are going without counseling.
 Clients should be reassured that they will be able to obtain additional counseling
services if the need arises. They should also be informal as to how they can request
these services in the future

12.  Research and evaluation can occur at anytime during the counseling
process or after termination.
 Counselors are asked to evaluate counseling whenever they
implement an intervention strategy.
 These research procedures involve face to face interaction between
the counselor and client.