Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Livestock diseases cause billions in losses annually in the US. Three main causes of disease spread are poor sanitation, improper management, and introducing new animals. Diseases can be caused by nutritional defects, physiological defects, morphological defects, or pathogenic organisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Good management practices like isolation of new animals, vaccination programs, clean facilities, adequate rations, limiting visitors, quick diagnosis, and proper handling can help prevent disease spread. Common diseases are described along with their causes, symptoms, and prevention/treatment methods.
Embryo transfer involves collecting embryos from a donor cow and transferring them to a recipient cow. It can help improve fertility in cows experiencing issues like repeat breeding or infertility due to infections. The process involves synchronizing the donor and recipient's cycles, superovulating the donor, collecting embryos 7 days after insemination, and transferring high quality embryos into the recipient. Embryo transfer has been shown to increase pregnancy rates in repeat breeder cows by minimizing the impact of poor egg quality or uterine issues.
Foot and mouth disease preventive and epidemiological aspectsBhoj Raj Singh
FMD: Menace in India
Discusses problems of FMD Control in India like:
Lack of faith in farmers and veterinarians that FMD can be controlled with vaccination (due to repeated failure of vaccines in quality and vaccination failures resulting in FMD outbreaks).
Lack of infrastructure facilities for maintaining the cold chain and efficient transport to the vaccination site.
Lack of human resources for handling/ vaccinating livestock.
Needs for further researches on diagnosis (Pen-side), disinfection, vaccines and vaccination (affording at least a year immunity, quality vaccine etc.) and control strategies.
No-timely investigation or excessively delayed investigation of FMD outbreaks especially those occurring after vaccination.
Transparency in vaccine quality monitoring and vaccine purchases.
Fear in veterinarians for reporting FMD in their area of operation.
False statistics of the disease and vaccination.
No legal punitive action against suppliers of substandard FMD vaccines even after the supply of multiple substandard batches of vaccine.
This document discusses endometritis, a common postpartum uterine disease in cows. It begins with an introduction defining endometritis and its characteristics. It then discusses the etiology, including both specific and non-specific causative organisms. Predisposing factors like nutrition, environment, genetics, and management are also reviewed. The document outlines the pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis including cytology and white side tests, control, and treatment of the disease. It concludes with a case presentation of a cow diagnosed with first degree endometritis based on discharge and palpation, along with its treatment.
Medicinal & Surgical Techniques of Population control in dogsHarshit Saxena
This document presents information on techniques for population control in dogs, including both surgical and non-surgical methods. It discusses the need to control the large stray dog population for public health and safety reasons. The key methods described are breeding control strategies like sterilization surgeries such as orchiectomy, ovariohysterectomy, vasectomy and tubectomy. It also covers non-surgical techniques like using chemosterilants that are injected into the testes, as well as hormonal and immunological methods to disrupt breeding. The document provides details on how each technique works and considerations for veterinarians in choosing the most effective and ethical approach.
The mechanism of puberty and age of puberty in domestic animals is explained in this lecture useful for students, practitioners and aspirants of examinations
Problems and Prospects of Poultry Industry in Bangladesh: An Analysis Md. Moulude Hossain
The poultry industry has been successfully becoming a leading industry of Bangladesh. The primary objective of the study is to identify the various aspect relating the growth and ustainability of poultry industry in Bangladesh. Authors argued that strategic management in poultry sector requires complementing to achieve present Govt.’s vision of Digital Bangladesh 2021. Considering the importance of the country’s poultry industry in order to ensure the sustainable economic development it is now high time to step forward for the better accumulation of resources available from this industry. This industry proves various opportunities of increasing GDP growth rate plus equitable distribution through arranging food security as well as ensuring self-employment at a large scale as pointed out by the authors.
Talk on the genetic and genomic evaluation system for US dairy cattle made to scientists at Embrapa Gado de Leite in Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil, on September 10, 2014.
Livestock diseases cause billions in losses annually in the US. Three main causes of disease spread are poor sanitation, improper management, and introducing new animals. Diseases can be caused by nutritional defects, physiological defects, morphological defects, or pathogenic organisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Good management practices like isolation of new animals, vaccination programs, clean facilities, adequate rations, limiting visitors, quick diagnosis, and proper handling can help prevent disease spread. Common diseases are described along with their causes, symptoms, and prevention/treatment methods.
Embryo transfer involves collecting embryos from a donor cow and transferring them to a recipient cow. It can help improve fertility in cows experiencing issues like repeat breeding or infertility due to infections. The process involves synchronizing the donor and recipient's cycles, superovulating the donor, collecting embryos 7 days after insemination, and transferring high quality embryos into the recipient. Embryo transfer has been shown to increase pregnancy rates in repeat breeder cows by minimizing the impact of poor egg quality or uterine issues.
Foot and mouth disease preventive and epidemiological aspectsBhoj Raj Singh
FMD: Menace in India
Discusses problems of FMD Control in India like:
Lack of faith in farmers and veterinarians that FMD can be controlled with vaccination (due to repeated failure of vaccines in quality and vaccination failures resulting in FMD outbreaks).
Lack of infrastructure facilities for maintaining the cold chain and efficient transport to the vaccination site.
Lack of human resources for handling/ vaccinating livestock.
Needs for further researches on diagnosis (Pen-side), disinfection, vaccines and vaccination (affording at least a year immunity, quality vaccine etc.) and control strategies.
No-timely investigation or excessively delayed investigation of FMD outbreaks especially those occurring after vaccination.
Transparency in vaccine quality monitoring and vaccine purchases.
Fear in veterinarians for reporting FMD in their area of operation.
False statistics of the disease and vaccination.
No legal punitive action against suppliers of substandard FMD vaccines even after the supply of multiple substandard batches of vaccine.
This document discusses endometritis, a common postpartum uterine disease in cows. It begins with an introduction defining endometritis and its characteristics. It then discusses the etiology, including both specific and non-specific causative organisms. Predisposing factors like nutrition, environment, genetics, and management are also reviewed. The document outlines the pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis including cytology and white side tests, control, and treatment of the disease. It concludes with a case presentation of a cow diagnosed with first degree endometritis based on discharge and palpation, along with its treatment.
Medicinal & Surgical Techniques of Population control in dogsHarshit Saxena
This document presents information on techniques for population control in dogs, including both surgical and non-surgical methods. It discusses the need to control the large stray dog population for public health and safety reasons. The key methods described are breeding control strategies like sterilization surgeries such as orchiectomy, ovariohysterectomy, vasectomy and tubectomy. It also covers non-surgical techniques like using chemosterilants that are injected into the testes, as well as hormonal and immunological methods to disrupt breeding. The document provides details on how each technique works and considerations for veterinarians in choosing the most effective and ethical approach.
The mechanism of puberty and age of puberty in domestic animals is explained in this lecture useful for students, practitioners and aspirants of examinations
Problems and Prospects of Poultry Industry in Bangladesh: An Analysis Md. Moulude Hossain
The poultry industry has been successfully becoming a leading industry of Bangladesh. The primary objective of the study is to identify the various aspect relating the growth and ustainability of poultry industry in Bangladesh. Authors argued that strategic management in poultry sector requires complementing to achieve present Govt.’s vision of Digital Bangladesh 2021. Considering the importance of the country’s poultry industry in order to ensure the sustainable economic development it is now high time to step forward for the better accumulation of resources available from this industry. This industry proves various opportunities of increasing GDP growth rate plus equitable distribution through arranging food security as well as ensuring self-employment at a large scale as pointed out by the authors.
Talk on the genetic and genomic evaluation system for US dairy cattle made to scientists at Embrapa Gado de Leite in Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil, on September 10, 2014.
This document discusses repeat breeding in cattle. It defines repeat breeding as a cow that does not conceive after three or more services. It is a syndrome caused by multiple factors related to the female, male, environment, and management. The main causes of repeat breeding are failure of fertilization (28-44% of cases) due to issues like abnormal ovulation or defective sperm, and early embryonic death (major cause of embryonic loss between days 8-19) due to chromosomal abnormalities or an unfavorable uterine environment. The document provides recommendations for managing repeat breeding cows through improving nutrition, estrus detection, reproductive techniques, intrauterine treatments, and hormonal therapies.
The document discusses buffalo follicular dynamics, covering topics such as fetal development, the pre-pubertal period, puberty, the estrous cycle, anoestrus, superovulation, and hormonally intervened cycles. Some key points include:
1) Follicular growth occurs in waves in buffaloes, similar to cattle.
2) Puberty is delayed in buffaloes, typically occurring between 18-46 months when buffaloes reach 55-60% of adult body weight.
3) Estrous cycles typically involve 2 or 3 waves of follicular growth, with the dominant follicle of the last wave ovulating.
4) Continuous waves occur during ano
Geriatric vestibular disease is characterized by a sudden onset of loss of balance and disorientation in geriatric dogs, usually those over 8 years old. It is caused by dysfunction of the vestibular system controlling balance. Symptoms include wobbly or unsteady gait, head tilt, uncontrolled eye movements, and sometimes nausea. Treatment involves intravenous fluids, anti-nausea and anti-vertigo medications. Most dogs recover fully within 2-3 weeks with supportive care. The case study describes a 13-year old golden retriever presenting with vestibular disease and making a full recovery over 3 days of hospitalization and treatment.
- Lungworms like Dictyocaulus filaria commonly infect the lungs of sheep and goats, especially lambs aged 4-6 months.
- The life cycle is direct, with larvae surviving in the environment and infecting lambs the following season. Symptoms include coughing and dyspnea.
- Upon examination, lungs may show patches of consolidation and fluid-filled airways. Microscopic examination reveals larvae, eggs, and inflammation in the lungs. Diagnosis involves finding eggs or larvae in feces or through necropsy. Treatment includes anthelmintics like ivermectin and fenbendazole. Control relies on vaccination, deworming and reducing exposure.
Strength and weaknesses of fmd control programme going on in india dr. kale b...Bhoj Raj Singh
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a devastating disease in many of the developing countries including India despite control programs. The FMD in India is associated with loss of about Rs. 20000 crores per annually. Government of India and different provincial governments are spending hundreds of crore rupees per year to control the disease. The FMD control programme (FMD-CP) is running in India since more than 13 years but control of the FMD is still far away dream and the Disease is regularly visiting even the government farms managed by the India's leading Veterinary and Dairy Institutes. The pros and cons of FMD-CP has been discussed in the presentation.
The reproductive cycle of female dogs (bitches) consists of four stages: proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus. Proestrus lasts around 9 days as estrogen levels rise, followed by estrus which lasts 9 days when the bitch will accept mating. Ovulation occurs 2-3 days after the LH surge, with fertilization possible 4-7 days later. Diestrus then lasts around 2 months as progesterone levels rise. Finally, anestrus is when the bitch is not receptive to mating until hormone levels change to start the cycle again.
Genital prolapse, or the distal displacement and eversion of pelvic genital organs, can occur in domestic animals. Vaginal prolapse is most common around gestation and post-partum in cattle, buffalo, and sheep. Uterine prolapse only occurs post-partum. Risk factors include high estrogen levels, injuries, poor conformation, and increased abdominal pressure. Treatment depends on the degree but may include replacement, sutures, trusses, and regional anesthesia. Surgical options like cervicopexy and vaginopexy can also be used to fix the organs. Vaginal prolapse in dogs is seen in certain breeds near estrus. Uterine prolapse requires
Anestrus occur in different animals. Anestrus may be due to physiological or pathological factors. Veterinary drugs are now available to treat or reverse anestrus in animals.
Developing countries like Nepal, the disease like fascioliasis has made its existence and is prevailing in every shed of the ruminants. Untimely deworming practices and herding the ruminants together have made an economic loss. So routine examination of the ruminants, timely deworming, and good pasture management are necessary to be practiced to decrease the prevalence of the fascioliasis.
Feeding standards provide tables indicating nutrient quantities required by livestock for different physiological functions. There are two terms used - nutrient allowance and nutrient requirements. Nutrient requirements define the specific nutrients and amounts needed in a complete balanced diet for healthy animals. Feeding standards include comparative, digestible-nutrient, and production-value types. Nutrient requirements vary depending on factors like mature size, gestation stage, and milk production potential. Requirements also differ between dairy cattle and buffalo due to differences in feed utilization efficiency, rumen volume and motility, dry matter intake, and other digestive traits.
One Health Approach to Solve Complex Problems and Improve Livelihoods at the...Global Livestock CRSP
The One Health Approach: Identifying Solutions to Complex Problems at the Livestock-Wildlife Interface. Presented by Health for Animals and Livelihood Improvement Principal Investigators Jon Erickson (University of Vermont) and Rudovick Kazwala (Sokoine University of Agriculture) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference, June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
The role of human and animal health professionals towards rabies free ethiopiaAbraham_Kidane
Presented by Abraham Haile during world Rabies Day event that was designed to bring human and animal health professionals together to realize joint prevention and control efforts in the country
This document summarizes a case study conducted at Rimpa Estates, a family-operated cattle ranch in Kenya. The study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding animal health, wildlife interactions on the property, and their impacts on biosecurity and livestock productivity. Observations and interviews with employees found that while most understood livestock diseases, knowledge of zoonotic diseases was limited. Wildlife such as zebras were perceived negatively for interactions with cattle. Recommendations were made to improve the ranch's herd health plan and manage wildlife interactions to boost productivity while achieving ecotourism goals.
Lay perceptions of risk factors for Rift Valley fever in a pastoral community...ILRI
Poster by Salome A. Bukachi, Caroline M. Ng'ang'a and Bernard K. Bett presented at the 4th International One Health Congress and 6th Biennial Congress of the International Association for Ecology and Health (One Health EcoHealth 2016), Melbourne, Australia, 3–7 December 2016.
The document discusses the One Health approach taken in the Philippines for rabies prevention, avian influenza protection, and addressing zoonotic diseases. It describes the creation of the National Rabies Prevention and Control Program, Avian Influenza Protection Program, and Philippine Inter-agency Committee on Zoonoses to facilitate collaboration between animal health, public health, and environmental agencies. These committees and programs coordinate prevention, control, and elimination efforts for diseases like rabies, avian influenza, henipavirus, Ebola, and schistosomiasis through activities like mass dog vaccination, surveillance, education, and treatment programs. The recognized inter-agency partnerships are able to quickly respond to emerging infectious diseases issues.
The document describes the structure of India's public health system from national to village level. It then provides details about a visit to a Community Health Centre (CHC), including what to observe and the staffing patterns and services that should be provided according to guidelines. These include reproductive and child health services, management of national health programs for diseases like tuberculosis, malaria and leprosy, and more.
The One Health approach recognizes that human health, animal health, and environmental health are interconnected. It aims to attain optimal health for people, animals, and the environment through collaboration across multiple disciplines. Key agencies like FAO, OIE, and WHO have developed strategic frameworks to foster cooperation between sectors. Case studies demonstrate how delayed or lack of coordination between human and animal health sectors increased costs and impacted control of diseases like Nipah virus. Antimicrobial resistance is another issue that requires a One Health approach.
The influence of livestock-derived foods on nutrition in the first 1,000 days...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Mats Lannerstad, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Agriculture Nutrition and Health Academy Week, Accra, Ghana, 26 June 2018.
This document announces a Zoom webinar on March 18, 2023 from 1400H to 1500H about rabies awareness. The objective is for laypeople to have a basic understanding of rabies in their health management. It provides details on signing in, participating in a group photo, taking an online test to get a certificate, and giving feedback. The webinar will cover what rabies is, its prognosis, preventive measures, and how to contribute to the Philippines' goal of zero rabies deaths by 2030. It emphasizes the importance of vaccination programs for dogs and educating the public.
This document provides information about the health care system in India. It discusses:
1. The different levels of health care delivery in India including primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Primary care is provided through subcenters, PHCs and CHCs.
2. The structure and functioning of primary health care centers in India, including staffing patterns at subcenters, PHCs and CHCs. PHCs serve as the first point of contact between rural communities and the health system.
3. Recent modifications to the primary health care system through the establishment of Health and Wellness Centers to deliver comprehensive primary care, upgrading some subcenters and PHCs.
4. The organization of urban primary health care and family
This document discusses repeat breeding in cattle. It defines repeat breeding as a cow that does not conceive after three or more services. It is a syndrome caused by multiple factors related to the female, male, environment, and management. The main causes of repeat breeding are failure of fertilization (28-44% of cases) due to issues like abnormal ovulation or defective sperm, and early embryonic death (major cause of embryonic loss between days 8-19) due to chromosomal abnormalities or an unfavorable uterine environment. The document provides recommendations for managing repeat breeding cows through improving nutrition, estrus detection, reproductive techniques, intrauterine treatments, and hormonal therapies.
The document discusses buffalo follicular dynamics, covering topics such as fetal development, the pre-pubertal period, puberty, the estrous cycle, anoestrus, superovulation, and hormonally intervened cycles. Some key points include:
1) Follicular growth occurs in waves in buffaloes, similar to cattle.
2) Puberty is delayed in buffaloes, typically occurring between 18-46 months when buffaloes reach 55-60% of adult body weight.
3) Estrous cycles typically involve 2 or 3 waves of follicular growth, with the dominant follicle of the last wave ovulating.
4) Continuous waves occur during ano
Geriatric vestibular disease is characterized by a sudden onset of loss of balance and disorientation in geriatric dogs, usually those over 8 years old. It is caused by dysfunction of the vestibular system controlling balance. Symptoms include wobbly or unsteady gait, head tilt, uncontrolled eye movements, and sometimes nausea. Treatment involves intravenous fluids, anti-nausea and anti-vertigo medications. Most dogs recover fully within 2-3 weeks with supportive care. The case study describes a 13-year old golden retriever presenting with vestibular disease and making a full recovery over 3 days of hospitalization and treatment.
- Lungworms like Dictyocaulus filaria commonly infect the lungs of sheep and goats, especially lambs aged 4-6 months.
- The life cycle is direct, with larvae surviving in the environment and infecting lambs the following season. Symptoms include coughing and dyspnea.
- Upon examination, lungs may show patches of consolidation and fluid-filled airways. Microscopic examination reveals larvae, eggs, and inflammation in the lungs. Diagnosis involves finding eggs or larvae in feces or through necropsy. Treatment includes anthelmintics like ivermectin and fenbendazole. Control relies on vaccination, deworming and reducing exposure.
Strength and weaknesses of fmd control programme going on in india dr. kale b...Bhoj Raj Singh
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a devastating disease in many of the developing countries including India despite control programs. The FMD in India is associated with loss of about Rs. 20000 crores per annually. Government of India and different provincial governments are spending hundreds of crore rupees per year to control the disease. The FMD control programme (FMD-CP) is running in India since more than 13 years but control of the FMD is still far away dream and the Disease is regularly visiting even the government farms managed by the India's leading Veterinary and Dairy Institutes. The pros and cons of FMD-CP has been discussed in the presentation.
The reproductive cycle of female dogs (bitches) consists of four stages: proestrus, estrus, diestrus, and anestrus. Proestrus lasts around 9 days as estrogen levels rise, followed by estrus which lasts 9 days when the bitch will accept mating. Ovulation occurs 2-3 days after the LH surge, with fertilization possible 4-7 days later. Diestrus then lasts around 2 months as progesterone levels rise. Finally, anestrus is when the bitch is not receptive to mating until hormone levels change to start the cycle again.
Genital prolapse, or the distal displacement and eversion of pelvic genital organs, can occur in domestic animals. Vaginal prolapse is most common around gestation and post-partum in cattle, buffalo, and sheep. Uterine prolapse only occurs post-partum. Risk factors include high estrogen levels, injuries, poor conformation, and increased abdominal pressure. Treatment depends on the degree but may include replacement, sutures, trusses, and regional anesthesia. Surgical options like cervicopexy and vaginopexy can also be used to fix the organs. Vaginal prolapse in dogs is seen in certain breeds near estrus. Uterine prolapse requires
Anestrus occur in different animals. Anestrus may be due to physiological or pathological factors. Veterinary drugs are now available to treat or reverse anestrus in animals.
Developing countries like Nepal, the disease like fascioliasis has made its existence and is prevailing in every shed of the ruminants. Untimely deworming practices and herding the ruminants together have made an economic loss. So routine examination of the ruminants, timely deworming, and good pasture management are necessary to be practiced to decrease the prevalence of the fascioliasis.
Feeding standards provide tables indicating nutrient quantities required by livestock for different physiological functions. There are two terms used - nutrient allowance and nutrient requirements. Nutrient requirements define the specific nutrients and amounts needed in a complete balanced diet for healthy animals. Feeding standards include comparative, digestible-nutrient, and production-value types. Nutrient requirements vary depending on factors like mature size, gestation stage, and milk production potential. Requirements also differ between dairy cattle and buffalo due to differences in feed utilization efficiency, rumen volume and motility, dry matter intake, and other digestive traits.
One Health Approach to Solve Complex Problems and Improve Livelihoods at the...Global Livestock CRSP
The One Health Approach: Identifying Solutions to Complex Problems at the Livestock-Wildlife Interface. Presented by Health for Animals and Livelihood Improvement Principal Investigators Jon Erickson (University of Vermont) and Rudovick Kazwala (Sokoine University of Agriculture) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference, June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
The role of human and animal health professionals towards rabies free ethiopiaAbraham_Kidane
Presented by Abraham Haile during world Rabies Day event that was designed to bring human and animal health professionals together to realize joint prevention and control efforts in the country
This document summarizes a case study conducted at Rimpa Estates, a family-operated cattle ranch in Kenya. The study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding animal health, wildlife interactions on the property, and their impacts on biosecurity and livestock productivity. Observations and interviews with employees found that while most understood livestock diseases, knowledge of zoonotic diseases was limited. Wildlife such as zebras were perceived negatively for interactions with cattle. Recommendations were made to improve the ranch's herd health plan and manage wildlife interactions to boost productivity while achieving ecotourism goals.
Lay perceptions of risk factors for Rift Valley fever in a pastoral community...ILRI
Poster by Salome A. Bukachi, Caroline M. Ng'ang'a and Bernard K. Bett presented at the 4th International One Health Congress and 6th Biennial Congress of the International Association for Ecology and Health (One Health EcoHealth 2016), Melbourne, Australia, 3–7 December 2016.
The document discusses the One Health approach taken in the Philippines for rabies prevention, avian influenza protection, and addressing zoonotic diseases. It describes the creation of the National Rabies Prevention and Control Program, Avian Influenza Protection Program, and Philippine Inter-agency Committee on Zoonoses to facilitate collaboration between animal health, public health, and environmental agencies. These committees and programs coordinate prevention, control, and elimination efforts for diseases like rabies, avian influenza, henipavirus, Ebola, and schistosomiasis through activities like mass dog vaccination, surveillance, education, and treatment programs. The recognized inter-agency partnerships are able to quickly respond to emerging infectious diseases issues.
The document describes the structure of India's public health system from national to village level. It then provides details about a visit to a Community Health Centre (CHC), including what to observe and the staffing patterns and services that should be provided according to guidelines. These include reproductive and child health services, management of national health programs for diseases like tuberculosis, malaria and leprosy, and more.
The One Health approach recognizes that human health, animal health, and environmental health are interconnected. It aims to attain optimal health for people, animals, and the environment through collaboration across multiple disciplines. Key agencies like FAO, OIE, and WHO have developed strategic frameworks to foster cooperation between sectors. Case studies demonstrate how delayed or lack of coordination between human and animal health sectors increased costs and impacted control of diseases like Nipah virus. Antimicrobial resistance is another issue that requires a One Health approach.
The influence of livestock-derived foods on nutrition in the first 1,000 days...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Mats Lannerstad, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Agriculture Nutrition and Health Academy Week, Accra, Ghana, 26 June 2018.
This document announces a Zoom webinar on March 18, 2023 from 1400H to 1500H about rabies awareness. The objective is for laypeople to have a basic understanding of rabies in their health management. It provides details on signing in, participating in a group photo, taking an online test to get a certificate, and giving feedback. The webinar will cover what rabies is, its prognosis, preventive measures, and how to contribute to the Philippines' goal of zero rabies deaths by 2030. It emphasizes the importance of vaccination programs for dogs and educating the public.
This document provides information about the health care system in India. It discusses:
1. The different levels of health care delivery in India including primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Primary care is provided through subcenters, PHCs and CHCs.
2. The structure and functioning of primary health care centers in India, including staffing patterns at subcenters, PHCs and CHCs. PHCs serve as the first point of contact between rural communities and the health system.
3. Recent modifications to the primary health care system through the establishment of Health and Wellness Centers to deliver comprehensive primary care, upgrading some subcenters and PHCs.
4. The organization of urban primary health care and family
The roles of livestock and farmed wildlife in preventing the next pandemic: C...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Delia Grace, Bernard Bett, Johanna Lindahl and Dieter Schillinger at a virtual workshop on countering zoonotic spillover of high consequence pathogens, 12 July 2022.
Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science RAHUL KATARIA
A brief presentation about what you'll read in the complete bachelor degree of animal husbandry and veterinary science. Here are the list of subjects -
1. Veterinary physiology,
2.Veterinary anatomy and histology,
3. Livestock production management,
4.Veterinary Biochemistry,
5.Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology,
6.Veterinary Parasitology,
7. Veterinary Microbiology,
8. Veterinary Pathology,
9. Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology,
10. Animal Nutrition,
11.Animal Genetics and Breeding,
12.Livestock Products Technology,
13.Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics,
14.Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
15.Veterinary Medicine,
16. Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education,
17. Veterinary Clinical Practices,
18. Livestock Farm Practices.
This document summarizes a study on brucellosis in Kenya conducted using a One Health approach. The study involved a cross-sectional survey in two counties to determine the baseline seroprevalence of brucellosis in humans and livestock. Samples were collected from over 8,000 households and tested at laboratories. Future phases will determine the incidence of and factors associated with brucellosis infections in humans and animals. The study aims to establish the burden of brucellosis and validate diagnostic tests to inform control strategies using a multisectoral, multidisciplinary collaboration between human and animal health experts.
“It is estimated that the majority of all new, emerging and re-emerging diseases affecting humans at the beginning of the twenty-first century have originated from animals.
Humans are at increased risk of contracting diseases of animal origin because of a wide range of interconnected variables, including mass urbanization, large-scale livestock production, increased travel and so on.” (OIE)
Veterinarians play an important role in the "One Health" approach to achieving global resilience through disease surveillance, outbreak investigation, and response. Uruguay has shown the importance of veterinarians through its successful mandatory livestock traceability system, which consists of electronic and visual ear tags for unique animal identification and a strong government-managed database. As countries develop tools like traceability systems, veterinarians are responsible for implementing animal health strategies and traceability to ensure the health and well-being of animals, people, and ecosystems.
Smallholder dairy farming in Tanzania: Farming practices, animal health and p...ILRI
Poster prepared by Silvia Alonso, Phil Toye, George Msalya, Delia Grace and Fred Unger for the 6th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya, 27-30 October 2014.
One Health research at ILRI to address neglected tropical diseases, zoonoses ...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Hu Suk Lee, Johanna Lindahl, Thang Nguyen, Bernard Bett, Eric Fèvre, Sothyra Tum, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Arshnee Moodley and Delia Grace at a webinar by the One Health Collaborating Center Universitas Gadjah Mada, ‘World Zoonoses Day 2020: Lessons learned and future directions’, 7 July 2020.
Background of AU-IBAR and brucellosis: Past, present and future in Middle and...ILRI
Presented by Abdelkhalik M. Montasser at a workshop on an integrated approach to controlling brucellosis in Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 29-31 January 2013.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
This document provides an overview of health statistics, demographics, geography, and priority health problems in Sudan. It notes that Sudan has a population of over 35 million with high population growth, and over half of infants die before age 5. Major communicable diseases that pose very high risks include malaria, meningitis, hepatitis, and waterborne illnesses. The country has also experienced outbreaks of measles, yellow fever, and other diseases due to protracted conflict, a collapsed health system, and limited access to healthcare. Key priority health problems identified are child health, maternal health, control of communicable diseases, and establishing surveillance systems for non-communicable diseases.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
This document provides a summary of key facts about Sri Lanka. It discusses Sri Lanka's geography, demography, economy, health status, and health system. Some key points include:
- Sri Lanka has a tropical climate with two monsoons and temperatures ranging from 16-34°C.
- The population is 21 million, with the majority being Sinhalese Buddhists.
- The economy relies on tourism, tea exports, apparel, and agriculture, with a GDP per capita of $3,800.
- Sri Lanka provides universal healthcare and health indices are higher than regional averages, such as a maternal mortality ratio of 33 per 100,000 live births.
- Challenges for the
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Country reports presented at Tropical Community Healthcare and Research 2015, at Khon Kaen University, Thailand on 8th July 2015 by members of 13 countries.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Costa Rica
1. 1
Diana Pérez Villalobos. Biotechnologist.
Laboratory assistance in the Pathology area. LANASEVE, SENASA
Ministry of livestock and agriculture.
Costa Rica.
2. 2
Is located in Central America with only 51.100 km2 its one of the smallest country
in Central America, is a biologic bridge by North America and South America, it
has a very rich biodiversity in flora & fauna because of the position that occupy in
the globe.
The population: 5,001,000
Official language: Spanish
Indigenous national languages: Maléku, Cabécar, Bribri and Guaymí.
4. Population Statistics
Population growth rate: 1,24%
Age dependency ratio(% of working-age
population): 44%
Urban population: 65,6%
4
5. Social public Health = CCSS
First line: E.B.A.I.S. (Basic Integral Health Care Teams “primary care unit”)
947 EBAIS - 11 Clinics – 13 rural hospitals and 7 Provincial hospitals.
5
8. 8
Members Employer Goverment
-Insured
-Workers
-
Independe
nt workers
-Retired
-Poverty
-Indirect
Insured
(Family
and
dependent
people)
-NO
Insurance
people
-Migrants
without
documents
Handicap
people
and rehab
Children
-
Nutritio
nal
neeeds
Addicts
Public Private
Insurance
companies
Private members
9. Economy
GDP: 3,5 %
GDP per capita growth: 5,839.3
Income level: Upper middle
Inflation rate: 5,6%
Health expenditures per capita: 1,369
9
10. Demography parameters
Life expectancy: 77.7
Death rate: 4.49 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Infant mortality (per 1 000 live births): 8.5
Maternal mortality rate (per 100 000 live births): 35
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman): 1.8
10
11. SENASA (National Service of animal Health)11
Mission
• Provide quality services witch allows
the animal sector
• Facilitate trade of animals, products and
animal by-products in international
markets
Monitor, operate and negotiate policies
within their competence, in the import
and domestic trade
• Risk assessment for animal health and
veterinary public health
LANASEVE(SENASA) Pathology area
The responsible of the diagnosis of rabies
disease in animal and humans.
13. Problem to be solved
Our authorities of Health (The Ministry of health) are requesting for a quicker
diagnosis to improve an shorter response time in cases that involve humans and
animals with nervous symptoms.
13
14. Improve response time for
the diagnosis of rabies in
post-exposure patients
Diana Pérez Villalobos. Biotechnologist.
Laboratory assistance in the Pathology area. LANASEVE, SENASA
Ministry of livestock and agriculture.
Costa Rica.
14