Converted ansys f

1 © 2015 ANSYS, Inc. January 9, 2018 ANSYS Fatigue Module Training
ANSYS Maxwell analysis
Maxwell module of ANSYS
Electronics

• ANSYS Maxwell is high performance interactive
electromagnetic field simulation software.
• Used for designing &analyzing 2D &3D
electromagnetic & electromechanical devices.
• It uses Finite Element Method
Introduction

Electromechanical Applications
Sensors and Actuators
soft-starter
36kV600V 6000V
soft-starter 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0
0
0
000
0 0
+
V
VM1
EQU
FML3
id:=2/3*(cos(phiel)*WM1.I + cos(phiel - 2*pi/3)*WM2.I + cos(phiel - 4*pi/3)*WM3.I)
iq:=2/3*(sin(phiel)*WM1.I + sin(phiel - 2*pi/3)*WM2.I + sin(phiel - 4*pi/3)*WM3.I)
W
+
WM1
W
+
WM2
W
+
WM3
ICA:
FML_INIT1
VSI_3ph_avg
VSI3ph_A1
A
B
C
N
ROT1
ROT2
+
Φ
SM_ROT1
ω
+
VM_ROT1
MASS_ROT1
T
FM_ROT1
SIMPARAM1
T
F_ROT1
~
3PHAS
~
~
A * sin (2 * pi * f * t + PHI + phi_u)
PHI = 0°
PHI = -120°
PHI = -240°
THREE_PHASE1
B6U
D1 D3 D5
D2 D4 D6
B6U1
R1
+
V
+
V
+
V
+
V
+
V
+
V
TWT
TWT1
TWT
TWT2
TWT
TWT3
U3
Simplorer1
Generator Step-Up
Transformer
Cable Step-Down
Transformer
Rectifier Inverter Booster
Pump
Controller
Biomedical
Electric Machine
Switchgear Parasitic and
Thermal
Subsea Power Distribution
Example
Battery
Modeling
Cables
Logging While
Drilling
-100.00 -80.00 -60.00 -40.00 -20.00 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
Relative Transmitter Depth [in]
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.10
2.20
2.30
2.40
2.50
2.60
2.70
2.80
AmplitudeRatio
Ansoft Corporation HFSSDesign1XY Plot 4
Curve Info
d_mag
Setup1 : LastAdaptive
dip='0deg' Freq='0.002GHz'
d_mag
d_mag
d_mag
-172. 0n 750.0n0 200.0n 400.0n 600.0n
-50. 0
700. 0
0
166. 7
333. 3
500. 0
Semiconductor
Characterization
Wireless Power
Transfer

Electromechanical Sensors Applications
Logging While Drilling
-100.00 -80.00 -60.00 -40.00 -20.00 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
Relative Transmitter Depth [in]
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.10
2.20
2.30
2.40
2.50
2.60
2.70
2.80
AmplitudeRatio
Ansoft Corporation HFSSDesign1XY Plot 4
Curve Inf o
d_mag
d_mag
d_mag
d_mag
Hall Effect
Variable Reluctance
RotN Vom
Vop
Vbm
Vbp
MRSensor
Vbm
Vbp
Vpm
Vpp
Vom
Vop +
-
+
V
AMP
VM6
Vin
Encoder
LOAD
M
ICA:
E2
FREQ := 60
AMPL := 156
DCMP1
RA := 1
KE := 544m
J := 4m
LA := 9.8m
MOS1
DFW
FML_INIT1
MAX:=-1e36
WAIT STATE1
NEW_MAX
TRC := E1.I>MAX
TRANS1
D1 D2
D3 D4
GAIN
GAIN1
5 V
AxialSpeed
Wheel
RefSpeed
RefCurrent
Controller
Wheel Mechanical Load
-9.95
10.00
0 160.00m100.00m
Amplified Voltage Output VM6.V [V]
0
346.00
0 160.00m100.00m
Sensed Angle Encoder.Angle
0
990.00
500.00
0 160.00m100.00m
Controled Wheele Speed
Wheele.Speed_RPM
deg/s -> RPM
28.00u
29.00u
28.50u
0 40.00m20.00m
VM1.V [V] + -2.50
Magneto-Resistive
(FEA Model to
System Simulation)
Flux Gate
Eddy Current (Flaw Detection) Eddy Current
(Throttle Position)
0.00 10. 00 20.00 30. 00 40.00 50.00
P os ition [deg]
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
Y3[V]
Anso ft Corpo ra tion 2DWinding Quic k Report
Curv e Inf o
Induc edV oltage(Winding_Out 2)
Setup1: Transi ent
Induc edV oltage(Winding_Out 1)
Setup1: Transi ent
Resolver / LVDT
+
-
OPV52
+
-
OPV51
R2 442
R1
1.24k
R3
R4
R5
2.7k
R6
2.7k
R933
R1033
+
V VM1
E3
NPN1
PNP1
+
-
OPV53
+
-
OPV54
R7 442
R8
1.24k
R11
R12
R13
2.7k
R14
2.7k
R1533
R1633
+
V VM2
E6
NPN11
PNP11
R17 200
C1 47n
N0051
N0053
N0022
N0012
N0045
N0004
250.00m
9.10
2.50
5.00
7.50
0 250.00u
2DGraphSel1
Excit...
Excit...

Transformers
Insulation – Dielectric
Withstand, Maximum E-field
Lorentz
Force
Tank Wall
Losses Bus
Bars
Bus Bar
Forces,
Shielding
0.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 100.00 125.00 150.00
Amps [A]
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
Y1[mH]
3D Incremental and Apparent Inductance ANSOFT
Curve Info
Incremental Inductance
Apparent Inductance
Imported
Inductance
Losses and
Temperature in
Ferrite Core
Fluid Flow - Oil
Filled
Transformer
Converters
Creep
Stress
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
Distance (m)
-1E+006
0E+000
1E+006
2E+006
3E+006
4E+006
V/m
xformer4Creep Stress Curves (V/m) ANSOFT
Curve Info
Allowable Withstand C...
Sorted_E_Tangent
$PermOil='2.2'
E_Tangent
$PermOil='2.2'
Cumulative_Stress
$PermOil='1'
Cumulative_Stress
$PermOil='2.2'
Cumulative_Stress
$PermOil='6'

• It calculate field in devices such as-Power generator,
resonant cavity, antenna radiation, waveguide
• Typical quantity of interest in analysis are-
Magnetic flux density, magnetic intensity, force torque,
power loss, S- parameter, Impedance, Quality
factor ,Eddy current, Eigen frequency, resistance,
inductance, capacitance and radiated fields and
emissions.
Proposed analysis of field parameters.

• Device performance characteristics under applied
loads/excitations and boundary conditions
• Visualization of the electromagnetic field in and
around a device
• Joule heating effects and resultant temperatures
• Force distribution and resulting deformation
ANSYS electromagnetic solutions allow
the user to gain an understanding of:

Maxwell desktop
Project
Manager
Window
Properties
Window
(Docked)
History
Tree
Message Window
Progress Window
Modeler Window
Toolbars
Menu

Maxwell desktop
Menu Bar
– File Menu
• Opening, closing and saving a project
– Edit Menu
• Geometry selection and geometry manipulation
– View Menu
• Set display option or hide/unhide geometry object
– Project Menu
• Insert designs, Project datasets, variables
– Draw Menu
• Geometry objects from primitives
– Modeler Menu
• Geometry operations and analysis commands
– Maxwell 3D/2D Menu
• Maxwell analysis setup and post processing commands
– Tools, Window and Help menu
• Record and Run scripts, window management, accessing help commands

Project Manager window contains all the details of
Problem Setup done for any project
…Maxwell desktop
Project
Design Automation
Parametric
Optimization
Sensitivity
Statistical
Design Results
Design Setup
Design

…Maxwell desktop
Properties Window
-Shows all the properties of selected entities

History Tree –
a. History tree contains details of all geometrical operations performed in a
Design
b. Any line, surface or solid objects, coordinate systems or its planes can
be accessed from History tree
Toolbar -
a. Most of the menu bar commands can be
accessed from Toolbar as an icon
…Maxwell desktop

Coordinate Entry Field
– This window appears whenever an operation requires entry of
coordinates
– Coordinate values can be entered in Cartesian, cylindrical or
spherical form
Message Window
– Displays Error, Warning or Information messages resulting from
an operation
Progress Window
– Shows progress of Analysis operation being carried out
… …Maxwell desktop

Modeler Window
– Geometry in Modeler window can be Manipulated
either using Toolbar commands or Mouse-keyboard
keys
… …Maxwell desktop
Pan
Rotate Around
Model Center
Rotate Around
Current Axis
Rotate
Around
Screen
Center
Dynamic Zoom
Fit AllZoom In/Out

Setting a Solver Type
-Appropriate Maxwell solver can be selected based on the application being
solved.
Maxwell -solver
Maxwell 3D Maxwell 2D

Maxwell Geometry
– ANSYS Maxwell uses primitive based modeling technique
where basic structure is created using Geometry Primitives
and then Geometry operations are performed to achieve
final object.
Maxwell Geometry

a. Selecting Solver
b. Material Definition
c. Boundary Conditions
* d. Motion Setup
e. Excitations
f. Parameters
g. Design Settings
h. Analysis Setup
i. Solution Process
Process flow

Selecting the Magneto static Problem

• -In a Magneto static simulation, the following parameters may be
defined for a material
• Relative Permeability
• Bulk Conductivity:
• Magnetic Coercivity:
• Composition:
Material Definition

Boundary conditions enable to control the characteristics of planes, faces, or
interfaces between objects.
Tangential H-Field:
Default
Boundary Conditions
Zero Tangential H-Field

Excitations are a unique type of boundary condition that
define the sources of the magnetic and/or electric fields.
-Voltage Excitations
-Current Excitations-
-Current Density-
Excitation

There are three parameters that can be automatically calculated in a
Magneto static simulation –Force, Torque, and Inductance Matrix.
Parameters

General Tab
General Tab
General Tab
General Tab
Analysis Setup
Convergence Tab

… Analysis Setup
Expression Cache Tab: Solver Tab

Based on Eddy solver
Maxwell 3D Eddy Current project to evaluate eddy current
in an object and resulting ohmic losses. Also, it
illustrates ANSYS Multiphysics capabilities and shows
how to transfer the resulting losses to ANSYS
Mechanical for thermal analysis.
Applications-detection of cracks, coating thickness, eddy
brake etc.
Eddy current

Problem Definition
- A sinusoidal 500 Hz current will be passed through a
spiral coil which will induce eddy currents in an iron
disk causing it to heat up.
…Eddy current

• Set Solution Type- Eddy current
• Set Model Units
• Draw Spiral
In User Defined Primitive Operation
window,
1. PolygonRadius: 1.5 cm
2. StartHelixRadius: 15 cm
3. RadiusChange: 3.1 cm
4. Pitch: 0 cm
5. Turns: 8
6. Press OK
– Change the name of object to Coil
– Change the color to Yellow
– Change the material to Copper

Draw Box
Create Coil
Draw another Box

• Connect Surfaces
…Create Coil

• Duplicate Boxes
…Create Coil

• To create disk
Create Disk
-Change the name of the Object to Disk
and color to Orange
– Change the material of the object to
cast_iron

• Create Coil Terminal
Select the object Coil from the history tree
– In Section window,
1. Section Plane: YZ
– Change the name of the resulting object to
Coil_Terminal
– Select the sheet Coil Terminal from the history tree
– Modeler –Boolean- Separate Bodies
– Delete all the resulting sheets apart
from Coil_Terminal
Assign Excitations

…Assign Excitations

• Compute Skin Depth
-Select the face on the disk that is closest to the coil
-Select the resulting sheet objects from the history
tree
Resolve Skin Depth

Draw Region
•Create Simulation Region
To set Eddy Effect
•Set Eddy calculation for disc

1. General Tab
– Percentage Error: 2
2. Convergence Tab
– Refinement Per Pass: 20 %
3. Solver Tab
– Adaptive Frequency: 500 Hz
Analyze

Plot Current Density Vectors
Plot Current Density Vectors

• Calculate Ohmic Losses in Disk
• Select the menu item Maxwell 3D -Fields - Calculator
– In Fields Calculator window,
Select
Input Ohmic Loss
Geometry
Volume
Disk from the list
Integrate
Output– The evaluated value of losses in the Disk should be around
270.48 W
Calculate Total Ohmic Loss

Plot Ohmic Loss Distribution

• This solver is meant to solve the transient electric field with
current flowing in “real” dielectrics before they reach
electrostatic equilibrium.
• Practical applications for an electric transient solver range
from low frequency biomedical applications to fine aspects
of electric conduction in poor conductors, both insulators
and semi-conductors.
• Other application areas are distribution of electric fields in
LED arrays, study of (transient) electric fields in insulators,
effects related to non-linear conductivity materials used to
control electric field stress in high voltage applications.
Electric Transient Solver

• In this example, we want to determine the transient
electric field in the two layers of “real” dielectric
material between two plates connected to a voltage
source. Material properties in the two layers of
dielectric are uniform within each layer but different
between the two layers.
Maxwell’s Capacitor

• Create Design
• Set Solution Type-Electric Transient
• Create Geometry
-Create Box Bottom
-Create Box Top
• Define Material
-Create Material for Box Bottom (Top)
-Material Name:
– Relative Permittivity:
– Bulk Conductivity : siemens/m
• Assign Excitations
-Top plate -Voltage -Set Value to if(Time<2.5e-3,1,0)
-Bottom Plate-Sink

• Analyze
• Create Parameters for Plot-
-Calculate Field
-Top E-a and bottom E-b

• Create Plot
• Plot E_Vector on a Plane

•Animate Plot
•Select- Field Overlays
from Project Manager
window

• Uses Eddy current solver.
• Process of heating an electrically conducting object
(metal) by electromagnetic induction through heat
generated in object by eddy current.
• Joule loss and temperature variations can be monitored
and controlled through proper engineering and
simulated within ANSYS software.
Induction heating
Model for simple induction heating

Electrical conductivity/resistivity
Relative permeability
Specific heat Thermal conductivity

Results – Temperature Distribution

•Eddy Currents are developed in very thin region of the Target
object
•Adaptive Meshing capability of Maxwell captures the skin region
to get accurate results

• Based on transient magnetic solver.
• Maxwell Transient is able to consider interactions
between transient electromagnetic fields and
mechanical motion of objects.
Moving solid conductor in magnetic field
Translational Motion Rotational Motion

• Maxwell Transient (with motion) includes dB /dt
arising from mechanically moving magnetic fields in
space, i.e. moving objects. Thus, effects coming from
so-called motion induced currents can be considered.
• The goal is to show and practice working with large
motion in Maxwell.
..Moving solid conductor in magnetic field

• The geometry consists of a cylindrical NdFeBmagnet
with uniform distribution of magnetization in the
axial direction (z-direction). The magnet moves
through a copper hollow cylindrical structure (coil)
with a constant speed of 1 mm per second
• The goal is to model a time-dependent magnetic
field created by moving magnet and determine the
eddy currents in the copper structure.
Translational Motion using the Transient
Solver

• ANSYS Maxwell Design Environment
-Band
-Assign motion
-Analysis
-Results Fields
 Fields Calculator
 Rectangular Plot
-Field Overlays
 Current Density Vector Plots
 Current Density Vector Animation

Plot Current Density Magnitude
on Coil Terminal
Plot Induced Current through the
coil as a function of time

• Based on transient magnetic solver
• Conductor type-liquid
Moving liquid conductor in magnetic field

• Permanent magnets have a variety of uses. Magnets are
used in permanent magnet motors. These motors control
the power windows and windshield wipers of car.
• Basic problems of permanent magnet design revolve
around estimating the distribution of magnetic flux in a
magnetic circuit, which may include permanent magnets,
air gaps, high permeability conduction elements, and
electrical currents
Permanent magnet

• Using ANSYS Maxwell (Finite Element Analysis )modeling
program used to analyze magnetic problems in order to
arrive at more exact solutions, which can then be tested and
fine tuned against a prototype of the magnet structure.
• Using FEA models flux densities, torques, and forces may be
calculated. Results can be output in various forms, including
plots of vector magnetic potentials, flux density maps, and
flux path plots.
• Uses magneto static or transient magnet solver
…Permanent magnet

Flux density
Plot Torque Vs Time

Vector diagram of internal flux density (a) 2-pole motor,(b) 4-pole motor,
(c) 6-pole motor and (d) 8-pole motor

PM: Demagnetization / Magnetization
B
H
0
Load line
without other
sources
Demagnetization point
Hc after
demagnetization
Load line with
other sources
Initial Br
Br after
demag
B
H0
Br Line b
Line a
p
• Based on the original
non-remnant B-H curve
• Construct line b at the
operating point p, which
is parallel to the line a
• Br is the intersection of
line b with B-axis
• Allow functional unit vector
magnetization
3rd
Quadrant Demagnetization 1st Quadrant Magnetization
Functional Vector Magnetization

• Based on magneto static solver
• Providing Electric Power System Protection
• ANSYS tool calculate switching time input, mutual
inductance
Moving contact in circuit breaker and
relay

• ANSYS Maxwell® industry-leading field-simulation software
delivers the power and capability to support your EM
simulation design needs
• Maxwell includes 3-D/2-D magnetic transient, AC
electromagnetic, magneto static, electrostatic, DC conduction
and electric transient solvers that accurately solve for field
parameters including force, torque, capacitance, inductance,
resistance and impedance.
• Adaptive Meshing-
• Dynamic Link with ANSYS Simplorer- Maxwell feature is the
ability to generate high-fidelity, reduced-order models for use
in ANSYS Simplorer® multi-domain system simulation software
Summary

• By coupling Maxwell’s magnetic transient solver with Simplorer,
can examine physical interactions of electromechanical
components in system
• Transient with Motion
• Permanent Magnet Temperature Dependency
• Performance Metrics -The technology quickly calculates critical
performance data, such as torque versus speed, DQ couplings,
power loss, flux in air gap, power factor and efficiency.
• Pre-Processor for Electromagnetic Analysis- Design tool
automatically generates a complete transfer of 3-D or 2-D
geometry, motion and mechanical setup, material properties,
core loss, winding, and source setup.
…Summary

Converted ansys f

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