Conventional Power generation
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Conventional power generation, thermal, nuclear, gas turbine, hydro electric power plants, schematic, working, advantages and disadvantages, site selection
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This document summarizes a student project on wind farms. It includes an introduction to wind farms and their components. It then discusses factors that affect wind farms, types of wind farms, the largest onshore and offshore wind farms worldwide and in India. It outlines the pros and cons of wind farms, their development and impacts in India. In conclusion, it states that the positive impacts of wind energy outweigh the negatives when judged against other energy sources.
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This presentation provides an overview of wind power generation. It discusses that wind energy comes from the sun and is influenced by surface roughness up to 100 meters. There are two main types of wind turbines - horizontal axis and vertical axis. The design of the wind turbine, including the number of blades and size of the generator, impacts efficiency. India has over 20,000 MW of installed wind power capacity as of 2013 and is the fifth largest producer, with Tamil Nadu having the most installations. The future of wind energy depends on government policies and subsidies to encourage its growth.
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Wind energy is generated through wind turbines that convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical or electrical power. There are two main types of wind turbines - horizontal axis and vertical axis. Key components include blades, a drive train, a tower, and equipment to generate electricity. Multiple turbines grouped together form wind farms. Larger turbines can power many homes. While wind energy has environmental benefits over fossil fuels, it also has disadvantages such as intermittent supply and higher initial costs than other generation methods.
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Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. They consist of blades, a rotor, a nacelle housing a generator and gearbox, and a tower. As wind passes the blades, they spin the rotor which turns the shaft and gearbox to increase rotational speed and power the generator to produce electricity. Egypt has over 500MW of installed wind power capacity concentrated in farms along the Red Sea coast. The advantages of wind power are that it is renewable and produces no emissions, while the disadvantages include intermittent availability and potential negative impacts on landscapes and communities. Problems faced by wind power include noise, transmission issues due to intermittent wind, social impacts, and fire risks from overheated or failed components inside nacelles.
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Wind energy development has a long history dating back to ancient cultures using windmills. Today, wind power accounts for 27% of renewable energy production globally and its use is growing. Wind is caused by differences in heating of the Earth's surface creating areas of higher and lower pressure. Modern wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy using components like blades, a generator, and a nacelle. When designing wind farms, factors such as turbine type, blade number, rotor size, and siting distances must be considered to optimize efficiency and safety. While upfront costs are high, wind power prices have decreased in recent years and wind energy is one of the lowest-priced renewable technologies available.
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This document summarizes a student project on wind farms. It includes an introduction to wind farms and their components. It then discusses factors that affect wind farms, types of wind farms, the largest onshore and offshore wind farms worldwide and in India. It outlines the pros and cons of wind farms, their development and impacts in India. In conclusion, it states that the positive impacts of wind energy outweigh the negatives when judged against other energy sources.
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Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical or electrical energy. Modern wind turbines are much more efficient than older designs, able to generate 250-300 kilowatts compared to older models generating around 30 kilowatts. Wind turbines work by using wind to turn blades which spin a shaft connected to a generator, producing electricity. They are mounted on towers to access stronger winds higher off the ground. While wind energy has advantages like being renewable and producing no emissions, it also has disadvantages like dependence on wind conditions and higher initial costs than some other energy sources.
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Solar thermal power generation systems use mirrors to collect sunlight and produce steam by solar heat to drive turbines for generating power. This system generates power by rotating turbines like thermal and nuclear power plants, and therefore, is suitable for large-scale power generation.
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This presentation provides an overview of wind power generation. It discusses that wind energy comes from the sun and is influenced by surface roughness up to 100 meters. There are two main types of wind turbines - horizontal axis and vertical axis. The design of the wind turbine, including the number of blades and size of the generator, impacts efficiency. India has over 20,000 MW of installed wind power capacity as of 2013 and is the fifth largest producer, with Tamil Nadu having the most installations. The future of wind energy depends on government policies and subsidies to encourage its growth.
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Wind energy is generated through wind turbines that convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical or electrical power. There are two main types of wind turbines - horizontal axis and vertical axis. Key components include blades, a drive train, a tower, and equipment to generate electricity. Multiple turbines grouped together form wind farms. Larger turbines can power many homes. While wind energy has environmental benefits over fossil fuels, it also has disadvantages such as intermittent supply and higher initial costs than other generation methods.
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Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. They consist of blades, a rotor, a nacelle housing a generator and gearbox, and a tower. As wind passes the blades, they spin the rotor which turns the shaft and gearbox to increase rotational speed and power the generator to produce electricity. Egypt has over 500MW of installed wind power capacity concentrated in farms along the Red Sea coast. The advantages of wind power are that it is renewable and produces no emissions, while the disadvantages include intermittent availability and potential negative impacts on landscapes and communities. Problems faced by wind power include noise, transmission issues due to intermittent wind, social impacts, and fire risks from overheated or failed components inside nacelles.
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Wind energy development has a long history dating back to ancient cultures using windmills. Today, wind power accounts for 27% of renewable energy production globally and its use is growing. Wind is caused by differences in heating of the Earth's surface creating areas of higher and lower pressure. Modern wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy using components like blades, a generator, and a nacelle. When designing wind farms, factors such as turbine type, blade number, rotor size, and siting distances must be considered to optimize efficiency and safety. While upfront costs are high, wind power prices have decreased in recent years and wind energy is one of the lowest-priced renewable technologies available.
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This document discusses wind energy and wind turbines. It begins by noting that wind energy is an important renewable source as fossil fuel prices rise. Wind turbines can produce serious amounts of electricity. The document then covers wind principles, the Beaufort scale of wind speeds, how power increases with wind velocity, and the solidity and tip speed ratio of wind turbines. It provides information on the potential, growth, and installed capacity of wind energy globally and in various countries and Indian states. The document discusses different types of wind turbines and their evolution. It covers wind turbine design, economics, typical costs, concerns with wind energy, and concludes that wind energy is a pollution-free source with good future potential.
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heavily on fossil fuel
Need to shift toward renewable energy
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renewable energy
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renewable energy economical
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energy demand from renewable energy sources
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The document summarizes the key components and operation of wind turbines. It describes the main components including the rotor blades, hub, nacelle, drive train, tower, and electrical systems. It then explains how wind turbines work to convert kinetic wind energy into rotational energy and ultimately electricity. The document also discusses auxiliary systems like SCADA, fire protection, and lightning protection. It outlines advantages like being renewable and non-polluting but also challenges around intermittent supply, noise, and impacts on birds.
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There are three basic ways to tap the ocean for its energy. We can use
The ocean's waves.
The ocean's high and low tides .
Temperature differences in the water.
1-Wave Energy
Kinetic energy (movement) exists in the moving waves of the ocean. That energy can be used to power a turbine. The wave rises into a chamber. The rising water forces the air out of the chamber. The moving air spins a turbine which can turn a generator.
When the wave goes down, air flows through the turbine and back into the chamber through doors that are normally closed.
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Two types of tidal plant facilities.
Tidal barrages
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1) Renewable energy makes up about 21% of India's total installed electricity generation capacity as of 2011, with wind and small hydro being the largest sources.
2) The Electricity Act of 2003 and India's National Action Plan on Climate Change set targets to increase the share of renewable energy to around 15% of total generation by 2020. State governments set annual Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) targets for distribution companies to meet this goal.
3) Renewable energy certificates (RECs) were established as an instrument to promote renewable energy by separating the renewable attributes from the underlying electricity. RECs allow renewable energy generators to sell certificates in addition to the electricity itself to meet RPO targets.
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The document discusses wind energy potential and offshore wind potential. It provides information on how wind is created due to differences in atmospheric pressure and heating from the sun. It also describes the basic working principle of wind turbines, how they convert kinetic energy from wind into electrical energy. Offshore wind potential in India is discussed, with the country having a long coastline and EEZ that provides good potential for offshore wind farms.
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Choice of technology and site
Small hydro technology is mature and well-established in the market
Improvements: equipment designs, differents materials, control sistem
Typologies of Hydropower plants
a) Run of River Plants
b) Pondage Plants
c) Reservoir Plants
Typologies of Hydropower plants
a) Run of River Plants
A Run of River plant uses the available river flow
A Run of River plant has a little cumulative water
High cost
Typologies of Hydropower plants
b) Pondage Plants
Cumulative water flows permits storage of water for few weeks
Pondage Plant can works when the level of river is low.
Typology of hydropower plants
c) Reservoir Plants
Energy prodution of a Reservoir Plant is based on cumulative water flows
Construction of a very large dam to cumulate water
Usually this kind of plant is not a SHP
Plan SHP
Control national and regional law
Who using the water and how
Story analisis of river flow
Study hidrogeologic and hidrografic of site
Chek principal parameters (Q) river flow avieble and (H) head for calculate power of site
Pubblicity of project and consalting citizen.
Hydroelectric plants
Start easily and quickly and change power output rapidly
Complement large thermal plants (coal and nuclear), which are most efficient in serving base power loads.
Save millions of barrels of oil
SHP emissions
As all other renewable energy sources, SHP plays an important role in reducing the emissions.
Externality of SHP are very low.
This is very important and positive, expecially for Kyoto protocol.
What to do for goal with SHP
Act cordinated strategy:
Informing
Including the people in the projects
Dialogue with opponents
Implementing social compain
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This is enegy taken from the natural air!
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- The basic structure of power systems including generation at lower voltages like 11kV and 33kV, transmission at higher voltages like 500kV for lower losses over long distances, and distribution at secondary voltages like 11kV and 440V.
- Components like transformers, transmission lines, and substations that facilitate power flow from generation to consumption.
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This document discusses wind energy and wind turbines. It begins by noting that wind energy is an important renewable source as fossil fuel prices rise. Wind turbines can produce serious amounts of electricity. The document then covers wind principles, the Beaufort scale of wind speeds, how power increases with wind velocity, and the solidity and tip speed ratio of wind turbines. It provides information on the potential, growth, and installed capacity of wind energy globally and in various countries and Indian states. The document discusses different types of wind turbines and their evolution. It covers wind turbine design, economics, typical costs, concerns with wind energy, and concludes that wind energy is a pollution-free source with good future potential.
Energy scenario in India
heavily on fossil fuel
Need to shift toward renewable energy
Government take initiative to increase share of
renewable energy
R&D and technology advancement help to make
renewable energy economical
Public private partnership play a crucial role
With proper policy and planning, India can meet
energy demand from renewable energy sources
This document discusses India's energy sector. It notes that India relies heavily on fossil fuels but is seeking to increase its use of renewable energy. Some key points made include:
- India relies on fossil fuels for 80% of its energy needs but resources are limited and cause pollution.
- Renewable energy development is increasing, with solar and wind being major focuses. The National
Wind turbine power
The document summarizes the key components and operation of wind turbines. It describes the main components including the rotor blades, hub, nacelle, drive train, tower, and electrical systems. It then explains how wind turbines work to convert kinetic wind energy into rotational energy and ultimately electricity. The document also discusses auxiliary systems like SCADA, fire protection, and lightning protection. It outlines advantages like being renewable and non-polluting but also challenges around intermittent supply, noise, and impacts on birds.
Ocean Energy ( wave enrgy, tidal energy, OTEC
There are three basic ways to tap the ocean for its energy. We can use
The ocean's waves.
The ocean's high and low tides .
Temperature differences in the water.
1-Wave Energy
Kinetic energy (movement) exists in the moving waves of the ocean. That energy can be used to power a turbine. The wave rises into a chamber. The rising water forces the air out of the chamber. The moving air spins a turbine which can turn a generator.
When the wave goes down, air flows through the turbine and back into the chamber through doors that are normally closed.
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This document provides an overview of wind energy and wind turbines. It discusses the origins of winds and factors that affect wind distribution. It then describes the key components of horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) including the rotor, nacelle, tower, and foundation. It also discusses Betz's law on turbine efficiency and introduces vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) as an alternative design.
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Wind energy has great potential in India given its abundant wind resources and growing energy needs. India has set ambitious targets to add at least 2000 MW of wind energy annually and reach 20% renewable energy production by 2020. This will require continued technology advancements to develop larger, more efficient wind turbines suitable for low wind speed sites, as well as improvements to grid infrastructure and integration capabilities. Wind energy offers benefits as a clean, domestic source that can help meet energy demand in a sustainable manner if these challenges are adequately addressed.
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The document provides an introduction to renewable energy sources for power generation. It discusses various renewable energy technologies including wind and solar energy. For wind energy, it describes the technology behind wind turbines and key components. It also discusses solar photovoltaic and concentrating solar thermal plant technologies. The document then provides current installed capacities and scenarios for wind and solar energy in India.
Nuclear power plant
Nuclear power plants generate electricity through nuclear fission. In a pressurized water reactor (PWR), heat from nuclear fission is used to heat water and produce steam to turn turbines and generate electricity. The steam does not come into contact with radioactive materials. Nuclear power plants produce far more energy from uranium fuel than fossil fuel plants and produce no greenhouse gases, but nuclear waste requires careful storage and disposal.
Geo thermal and ocean energy
The document discusses geothermal and ocean energy. It explains that geothermal energy comes from heat within the earth, which can be harnessed to create electricity. There are several methods used including dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle plants. Ocean energy technologies harness thermal differences or mechanical energy from ocean waves and tides. Ocean thermal energy conversion uses temperature differences between deep and surface ocean waters, while tidal barrages capture energy from tidal flows. Both resources provide renewable energy with less emissions than fossil fuels.
Renewable Energy Certificate
1) Renewable energy makes up about 21% of India's total installed electricity generation capacity as of 2011, with wind and small hydro being the largest sources.
2) The Electricity Act of 2003 and India's National Action Plan on Climate Change set targets to increase the share of renewable energy to around 15% of total generation by 2020. State governments set annual Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) targets for distribution companies to meet this goal.
3) Renewable energy certificates (RECs) were established as an instrument to promote renewable energy by separating the renewable attributes from the underlying electricity. RECs allow renewable energy generators to sell certificates in addition to the electricity itself to meet RPO targets.
Wind energy
The document discusses wind energy potential and offshore wind potential. It provides information on how wind is created due to differences in atmospheric pressure and heating from the sun. It also describes the basic working principle of wind turbines, how they convert kinetic energy from wind into electrical energy. Offshore wind potential in India is discussed, with the country having a long coastline and EEZ that provides good potential for offshore wind farms.
SMALL HYDRO POWER PLANT
Small Hydro power plant. Small Hydro Power (SHP) is hydro plant with power under 10 MW as defined by United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO):
Choice of technology and site
Small hydro technology is mature and well-established in the market
Improvements: equipment designs, differents materials, control sistem
Typologies of Hydropower plants
a) Run of River Plants
b) Pondage Plants
c) Reservoir Plants
Typologies of Hydropower plants
a) Run of River Plants
A Run of River plant uses the available river flow
A Run of River plant has a little cumulative water
High cost
Typologies of Hydropower plants
b) Pondage Plants
Cumulative water flows permits storage of water for few weeks
Pondage Plant can works when the level of river is low.
Typology of hydropower plants
c) Reservoir Plants
Energy prodution of a Reservoir Plant is based on cumulative water flows
Construction of a very large dam to cumulate water
Usually this kind of plant is not a SHP
Plan SHP
Control national and regional law
Who using the water and how
Story analisis of river flow
Study hidrogeologic and hidrografic of site
Chek principal parameters (Q) river flow avieble and (H) head for calculate power of site
Pubblicity of project and consalting citizen.
Hydroelectric plants
Start easily and quickly and change power output rapidly
Complement large thermal plants (coal and nuclear), which are most efficient in serving base power loads.
Save millions of barrels of oil
SHP emissions
As all other renewable energy sources, SHP plays an important role in reducing the emissions.
Externality of SHP are very low.
This is very important and positive, expecially for Kyoto protocol.
What to do for goal with SHP
Act cordinated strategy:
Informing
Including the people in the projects
Dialogue with opponents
Implementing social compain
Generation of electricity
Electricity is generated through various processes that convert other forms of energy into electrical energy. Historically, ancient Greeks discovered static electricity and Ben Franklin experimented with electricity using a kite. Modern generation uses processes like Faraday's law of induction. Common methods include burning fossil fuels in power plants to heat water and power steam turbines, using nuclear fission in nuclear plants, and harnessing the kinetic energy of moving water in hydroelectric dams. Renewable sources also generate electricity through technologies that convert wind, solar, tidal, and geothermal energy. Electricity is transmitted through power lines using alternating current of a standard frequency.
Principles of solar radiation
Solar energy can be harnessed using a range of technologies to capture and convert sunlight into useful forms of energy. There are two main types of solar energy technologies - passive solar, which uses sunlight without active solar components, and active solar, which uses electro-mechanical devices to convert sunlight into electricity or to power machinery. Solar energy can be used for heating, cooling, power generation, and other applications by using technologies like solar thermal collectors and photovoltaic panels. The amount of solar energy reaching the Earth's surface depends on geographic factors like latitude and weather conditions.
Wind energy
This is enegy taken from the natural air!
Can you believe electricity being created because of air!
It is practiced on heights or near sea's.
Go ahead and enjoy!
OCH 752 ENERGY TECHNOLOGY - Unit 1
This Power Point Presentation consists of the contents of the subject Energy Technology (OCH752) a open elective in Anna University Curriculum.
Ppt on present energy scenario
Ppt on present energy scenarioSant Longowal Institute Of Engineering & Technology, Longowal, Sangrur (Punjab)
India has a growing economy but low per capita energy consumption due to its large population. Currently, oil and gas meet half of India's energy needs, but the government aims to increase renewable sources like solar and wind to 20% of the energy mix by 2022. India has significant coal reserves but is also developing other energy sources like hydropower, biomass, and nuclear power. The presentation outlines India's current energy scenario and renewable potential as the country works to boost access to energy and transition to more sustainable resources.Energy crises
the ppt. focuses on promoting ways to save environment and tells solutions like using hydrogen and wind energy to save earth.
if u like the ideas then please promote it so that more and more people can know about them and make efforts at indivisual level.
Renewable Energy Systems
Outline:
1. Introduction
2. Solar Energy
3. Wind Energy
4. Hydropower
5. Biomass Energy
6. Geothermal Energy
7. Wave and Tidal Energy
Note: This is only the introduction part of a very big presentation. Please download the full version from here:
https://goo.gl/bXRLGd
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This document discusses the structure and operation of electric power generation, transmission, and distribution systems. It covers:
- The basic structure of power systems including generation at lower voltages like 11kV and 33kV, transmission at higher voltages like 500kV for lower losses over long distances, and distribution at secondary voltages like 11kV and 440V.
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This document describes a proposed system to generate electricity from industrial waste heat or heat generated from burning waste materials. The system uses a heat engine that operates in a closed cycle to convert thermal energy to mechanical energy. Key aspects include:
- It uses a piston inside a cylinder filled with gas to harness expansion and compression as the gas is heated and cooled.
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Co-generation and trigeneration by Varun Pratap Singh
Download Link (Copy URL):
https://sites.google.com/view/varunpratapsingh/teaching-engagements
Syllabus:
Introduction
Need of Cogeneration
Principle and Advantages of Cogeneration
Technical Options for Cogeneration
Gas turbine Cogeneration Systems
Reciprocating Engine Cogeneration Systems
Classification of Cogeneration Systems
Topping Cycle
Bottoming Cycle
Factors Influencing Cogeneration Choice
Important Technical Parameters for Cogeneration
Typical Cogeneration Performance Parameters
Relative Merits of Cogeneration Systems
Case Study
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Conventional Power generation
- 1. Conventional Power Generation: Steam power station, Nuclear power plant – Gas turbine power plant- Hydro power station: Schematic arrangement, advantages and disadvantages, Thermo electric and thermionic generators, Environmental aspects for selecting the sites and locations of power plants. 1
- 2. Conventional energy sources includes oil, gas and coal. These conventional sources are usually fossil fuels. Their use leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental damage. These sources of energy are also called non renewable sources. These sources of energy are in limited quantity except hydro-electric power. Conventional energy directly mean the energy source which is fixed in nature like oil, gas and coal. 2
- 3. 3
- 4. Large amount of power can be generated by using coal and nuclear etc. Transportation of oil and coal to the plant is easy. Gas fired power plant are having great efficiency. Fossil fueled power plant can be built almost anywhere. 4
- 5. Fossil fuels are depleted once they used. They produce toxic and hazardous gases and residues which are causing environmental pollution. Power generation efficiency is less. As sources are remotely placed, there cost of transmission is large. Maintenance cost is high. 5
- 6. 6
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- 51. • Schematic arrangement, • Advantages and disadvantages, • Environmental aspects for selecting the sites and locations of power plants. 51
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- 74. As of November 2020, India has 22 nuclear reactors in operation in 7 nuclear power plants, with a total installed capacity of 6,780 MW
- 75. 75
- 81. Gas Turbine Power Plant 81
- 82. • Gas turbine electric power plant is a power plant in which a gas turbine is used as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy. • The principle of a gas turbine power plant is that a turbo- compressor compresses working medium to a high pressure and then it is burnt in the combustion chamber where the combustion takes place at a constant pressure and temperature of the working medium is raised. This high pressure and high temperature working medium is then expanded in a gas turbine coupled to the generator. Gas Turbine Power Plant 82
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- 91. • Distance from Load Centre: The site should be as near to the load centre as possible so that the trans-mission costs and losses are minimized. • 2. Availability of Land: The land should be available at cheap rate in order to keep the capital cost of the plant low. • 3. Availability of Fuel: The fuel should be easily avail-able and at reasonable rate. • 4. Availability of Transportation Facilities: The transportation facilities should be available. • Distance from Populated Area: The site should be away from thickly populated area because of noisy operation. • 6. Type of Land: The land should be of high bearing capacity to withstand the load of the plant and also the vibrations transmitted to the foundations from compressors and turbines. Site selection criteria for Gas turbine power plants 91
- 100. 100
- 102. • Conventional Plants: Conventional plants use potential energy from dammed water. • Pumped Storage Plant: In pumped storage plant, a second reservoir is constructed near the water outflow from the turbine. When the demand of electricity is low, the water from lower reservoir is pumped into the upper (main) reservoir. • Run-Of-River Plant: • In this type of facility, no dam is constructed and, hence, reservoir is absent. A portion of river is diverted through a penstock or canal to the turbine. Types of hydropower plant 102
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- 106. 106
- 107. • Availability of large amount of water • Hilly area required for great flow • Large Civil work • Large catchment area • Transportation facility • Near to load center • Earthquake free land What are site selection criteria for selecting location of hydro power plant? 107
- 110. •Damage to wildlife habitats and migratory paths •Land use •Greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs Environmental Impacts
- 111. 111 Thank You Dr. Sushma Pardeshi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Basic Science& Humanities, J.D. College of Engineering & Management, Nagpur Email- pardeshisushma@gmail.com