Small Hydro power plant. Small Hydro Power (SHP) is hydro plant with power under 10 MW as defined by United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO): Choice of technology and site Small hydro technology is mature and well-established in the market Improvements: equipment designs, differents materials, control sistem Typologies of Hydropower plants a) Run of River Plants b) Pondage Plants c) Reservoir Plants Typologies of Hydropower plants a) Run of River Plants A Run of River plant uses the available river flow A Run of River plant has a little cumulative water High cost Typologies of Hydropower plants b) Pondage Plants Cumulative water flows permits storage of water for few weeks Pondage Plant can works when the level of river is low. Typology of hydropower plants c) Reservoir Plants Energy prodution of a Reservoir Plant is based on cumulative water flows Construction of a very large dam to cumulate water Usually this kind of plant is not a SHP Plan SHP Control national and regional law Who using the water and how Story analisis of river flow Study hidrogeologic and hidrografic of site Chek principal parameters (Q) river flow avieble and (H) head for calculate power of site Pubblicity of project and consalting citizen. Hydroelectric plants Start easily and quickly and change power output rapidly Complement large thermal plants (coal and nuclear), which are most efficient in serving base power loads. Save millions of barrels of oil SHP emissions As all other renewable energy sources, SHP plays an important role in reducing the emissions. Externality of SHP are very low. This is very important and positive, expecially for Kyoto protocol. What to do for goal with SHP Act cordinated strategy: Informing Including the people in the projects Dialogue with opponents Implementing social compain

1. SMALL HYDRO POWER
Submitted by:
VIKAS PANCHAL
Mtech(Renewable Energy)

2. Small Hydro Power (SHP)
Small Hydro Power (SHP) is hydro plant with
power under 10 MW as defined by United
Nations Industrial Development Organization
(UNIDO):
P= Power plant
Pico 5 kW & below
Micro 100 kW & below
Mini 2000 kW & below
Small 25000 kW & below
Medium 100,000 kW & below
Large above 100,000 kW

3. Choice of technology and site
• Small hydro technology is mature and well-
established in the market
• Improvements: equipment designs,
differents materials, control sistem
• Q=Flow of water through the pipe (m³/sec)
• H=Head (m)
• The Power (kW) avaiable from the flow:
P = Q H g η
g = 9,8 m/s² η= 80% global efficency plant

4. Hydro project schematic

5. Types of Hydroelectric Installation

6. Typologies of Hydropower
plants
a) Run of River Plants
b)Pondage Plants
c) Reservoir Plants

7. Typologies of Hydropower plants
a) Run of River Plants
• A Run of River plant uses the
available river flow
• A Run of River plant has a little
cumulative water
• High cost

8. Typologies of Hydropower plants
b) Pondage Plants
• Cumulative water flows permits
storage of water for few weeks
• Pondage Plant can works when the
level of river is low

9. Typology of hydropower plants
c) Reservoir Plants
• Energy prodution of a Reservoir
Plant is based on cumulative water
flows
• Construction of a very large dam to
cumulate water
Usually this kind of plant is not a SHP

10. Plan SHP
• Control national and regional law
• Who using the water and how
• Story analisis of river flow
• Study hidrogeologic and hidrografic of site
• Chek principal parameters (Q) river flow avieble and
(H) head for calculate power of site
• Pubblicity of project and consalting citizen.

11. SHP SITES IN INDIA

12. Index map showing SHPs

13. Major attributes of hydropower
Positive Negative
No emissions Social impacts (land
inundation, change land use)
Mature tecnology High initial capital costs:
3- 4,5 kEuro/kw
Renevable resource with higt
efficienty (> 80%)
Impacts on river flows and
aquatic ecology
Long life (40-50 years)
Low maintenance costs
Variable output-dependent on
rainfall and snowfall
Skilled work High costs of dismission
Change using area Bureaucracy

14. Hydroelectric plants
• Start easily and quickly and
change power output rapidly
• Complement large thermal plants
(coal and nuclear), which are
most efficient in serving base
power loads.
• Save millions of barrels of oil

15. SHP emissions
• As all other renewable energy sources, SHP plays
an important role in reducing the emissions.
• Externality of SHP are very low.
• This is very important and positive, expecially for
Kyoto protocol.

16. What to do for goal with SHP
Act cordinated strategy:
•Informing
•Including the people in the projects
•Dialogue with opponents
•Implementing social compain

17. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
• Installed capacity
• Average Head
• Average Discharge
• Cost of Energy Generation
• Cost of Project
• O& M Cost
• Labor Cost
• Average Power Output
• Capacity Utilization Factor
• Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
• AHP method

18. REFERENCES
1. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Small Hydro Power
Programme India. http://www.mnre.gov.in/schemes/grid-
connected/small-hydro/
2. Jyothi Prasad and H J Shiva Prasad, (2007) “Performance
Evaluation of Existing Mini Hydro Power projects of Uttarakand – A
Case Study”, International Conference on Small Hydro power,
Hydro Sri Lanka, pp1-6.
3. H. K. Verma and Arun Kumar, (2007) “Performance Testing and
Evaluation of Small Hydro Power Plants. International Conference
on Small Hydro power, Hydro Sri Lanka”,, pp1-9.
4. S. Kucukali, (2011) “Risk Assessment of river type Hydro Power
Plants by using fuzzy logic approach”, World Renewable Energy
Congress, Sweden, pp1432 – 1439.
5. Priyabrata Adhikary, Pankaj Kr Roy and Asis Mazumdar, (2012)
“Selection of penstock material for small hydro power project- A
fuzzy Logic Approach”, International journal of advanced scientific
and technical research, Vol.6, No.2, pp521-528.