Controlling involves three main steps: 1) Establishing standards or targets to measure performance against, which can be measurable metrics like costs or outputs, or intangible factors like employee attitudes. 2) Measuring actual performance. This should ideally be done proactively to detect deviations early. It involves reports and measuring attitudes, morale, development, and communication. 3) Correcting any deviations found by modifying plans, goals, or taking other actions. Controlling ensures operations align with established plans, orders, and principles. Its goal is to identify mistakes to rectify them and prevent recurrences.