The document provides an overview of software design concepts in AUTOSAR, including static and dynamic design. For static design, it discusses decomposing software into layers to isolate changes, integrate modules from suppliers, and facilitate reuse. For dynamic design, it focuses on defining system events, tasks, and priorities to guarantee real-time constraints. The document also introduces AUTOSAR, describing its goals of standardization to reduce costs and complexity in automotive software development.
The document discusses Autosar's layered architecture and communication capabilities. It describes the layered architecture with basic software, runtime environment and application layers. The runtime environment implements a virtual function bus to allow software components to communicate within and across ECUs. Communication can be intra-ECU, inter-ECU, or inter-partition. The runtime environment uses services like AUTOSAR COM and IOC to enable different types of communication.
AUTOSAR Migration would enable the Automotive Supplier to leverage following benefits of well-defined layered software architecture of AUTOSAR 4.0. Design and development of AUTOSAR MCAL components for migration to the new hardware platform
AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is an open standard for automotive software architecture and interfaces supported by automotive manufacturers, suppliers, and tool providers. The goal is to make automotive ECU software reusable between vehicles and manufacturers by standardizing interfaces. This will improve quality, reduce costs by enabling software reuse, and make modifications and updates more flexible. AUTOSAR defines a layered architecture with standardized application and basic software layers separated from hardware-dependent layers to achieve reusability independent of ECU or microcontroller hardware.
In this AUTOSAR layered architecture, Communication Stack or ComStack facilitates communication. Hence ComStack can be defined as a software stack that provides communication services to the Basic Software Modules and Application Layer or Application Software.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
UDS Vehicle Diagnostics: This blog encourages you comprehend the AUTOSAR software standard consistence for car applications. Here we share with you the points of interest of the usage of UDS based Vehicle Diagnostics in AUTOSAR Base Software module.
Learn about the fundamentals of the MCAL layer from our AUTOSAR team.
Know more about the various device drivers and the layered architecture of the AUTOSAR MCAL. And get the details about how the Microcontroller Abstraction Layer (MCAL) works
The document provides guidance on learning about automotive embedded systems through a 10 part series. It recommends first studying parts on real-time operating system basics, OSEK/VDX, AUTOSAR basics, and automotive protocols. Then users should validate their understanding and solve practice questions. The document directs readers to online materials and emphasizes the importance of depth of learning to become professional in the field of embedded systems.
This one is for the community of AUTOSAR developers. Our AUTOSAR development team explains what are the different software modules of a Communication Stack (ComStack). Also, learn about the software modules of CAN based Communication Stack in AUTOSAR
The document discusses Autosar's layered architecture and communication capabilities. It describes the layered architecture with basic software, runtime environment and application layers. The runtime environment implements a virtual function bus to allow software components to communicate within and across ECUs. Communication can be intra-ECU, inter-ECU, or inter-partition. The runtime environment uses services like AUTOSAR COM and IOC to enable different types of communication.
AUTOSAR Migration would enable the Automotive Supplier to leverage following benefits of well-defined layered software architecture of AUTOSAR 4.0. Design and development of AUTOSAR MCAL components for migration to the new hardware platform
AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is an open standard for automotive software architecture and interfaces supported by automotive manufacturers, suppliers, and tool providers. The goal is to make automotive ECU software reusable between vehicles and manufacturers by standardizing interfaces. This will improve quality, reduce costs by enabling software reuse, and make modifications and updates more flexible. AUTOSAR defines a layered architecture with standardized application and basic software layers separated from hardware-dependent layers to achieve reusability independent of ECU or microcontroller hardware.
In this AUTOSAR layered architecture, Communication Stack or ComStack facilitates communication. Hence ComStack can be defined as a software stack that provides communication services to the Basic Software Modules and Application Layer or Application Software.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
UDS Vehicle Diagnostics: This blog encourages you comprehend the AUTOSAR software standard consistence for car applications. Here we share with you the points of interest of the usage of UDS based Vehicle Diagnostics in AUTOSAR Base Software module.
Learn about the fundamentals of the MCAL layer from our AUTOSAR team.
Know more about the various device drivers and the layered architecture of the AUTOSAR MCAL. And get the details about how the Microcontroller Abstraction Layer (MCAL) works
The document provides guidance on learning about automotive embedded systems through a 10 part series. It recommends first studying parts on real-time operating system basics, OSEK/VDX, AUTOSAR basics, and automotive protocols. Then users should validate their understanding and solve practice questions. The document directs readers to online materials and emphasizes the importance of depth of learning to become professional in the field of embedded systems.
This one is for the community of AUTOSAR developers. Our AUTOSAR development team explains what are the different software modules of a Communication Stack (ComStack). Also, learn about the software modules of CAN based Communication Stack in AUTOSAR
An overview of the communication stack within the classical AUTOSAR
- AUTOSAR Static architecture
- Communication stack
- CAN stack
- PDU-ROUTER
LINKS:
---------
https://www.autosar.org/
This presentation is about AUTOSAR CAN stack. it provides an overview about:
- Included modules
- How modules communicate with each other
- Transmission and reception of frames
- changing network states
please let me know in the comments if you have any enhancements or feedback.
This document provides an overview of software components (SWCs) in AUTOSAR. It defines different types of SWCs including application SWCs, sensoractuator SWCs, parameter SWCs, and others. It describes the purpose and functionality of each SWC type. It also discusses SWC elements like ports, runnables, and implementation.
AUTOSAR compliant automotive software development is the new norms. From MCAL driver development to AUTOSAR migration and testing, the FAQ gives a lot of answers.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
Presentation by Hansang Lee
Automotive Software Engineering
Technical University of Chemnitz
13th May 2019
This presentation is mainly about,
- Basic Knowledge of AUTOSAR
- Task Scheduling Concepts on AUTOSAR with Multicore Supporing
The document provides an overview of the AUTOSAR standard and its objectives. AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is a standardized software architecture developed by automotive manufacturers to address the increasing complexity of automotive ECU systems. The key goals of AUTOSAR include improving software quality, reusability of functions across manufacturers, and making application software independent of hardware. The document outlines the layered AUTOSAR architecture and the four main steps to developing software using the AUTOSAR standard: input descriptions, system configuration, ECU configuration, and generation of software executables.
Memory Stack (MemStack) provides basic memory management services to the upper Application layer and to the Basic Software Modules (BSW) of the AUTOSAR layered architecture.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
AUTOSAR Memory Stack (MemStack) provides memory management services to the upper Application layer and to the Basic Software Modules (BSW) of the AUTOSAR layered architecture.Learn about the different software modules and device drivers of the AUTOSAR MemStack
Webinar presentation on AUTOSAR Multicore SystemsKPIT
The document discusses AUTOSAR multicore systems and provides an overview of the following key points:
1. AUTOSAR multicore architecture addresses the software challenges of migrating to multicore CPUs, such as concurrent data access, deadlocks, scheduling, and functionality partitioning.
2. The master-slave and master-satellite concepts allow partitioning of BSW modules across cores for enhanced safety and performance.
3. Mechanisms like spinlocks and IOC provide communication services for tasks on different cores and cores with memory protection boundaries.
4. KPIT's YUCCA tool helps with multicore migration through automatic parallelization of source code to optimize usage of multicore hardware.
Adaptive AUTOSAR - The New AUTOSAR ArchitectureAdaCore
Adaptive AUTOSAR is a new architecture from AUTOSAR that is designed to support more flexible, dynamic, and connected vehicle functions beyond what classic AUTOSAR currently supports. It features a dynamic operating system, strong application isolation, soft real-time capabilities, and higher resource availability compared to classic AUTOSAR. Both classic and adaptive AUTOSAR support functional safety through product measures like software partitioning, protection mechanisms, and diagnostics as well as process measures in development like requirements specification and testing.
Flash Bootloader Solutions For ECU Re-Programming: Embitel is expertise in providing solutions and services for Flash bootloader development and ECU re-programming in automotive industry.
This document discusses the AUTOSAR application layer. It explains that the application layer provides the system functionality through software components (SWCs) that contain software. The document outlines different types of SWCs and their elements like ports, runnable entities, and events. It also discusses how SWCs communicate internally and across ECUs using the virtual functional bus. The mapping of runnable entities to operating system tasks is mentioned as the topic for the next session.
CAN (Controller Area Network) Bus ProtocolAbhinaw Tiwari
The document discusses the CAN bus protocol. It provides an introduction that describes CAN as a multi-master, broadcasting, serial communication protocol for reliable data exchange between electronic control units. It then discusses CAN applications in automotive, industrial, medical and other fields. The document outlines CAN characteristics such as message prioritization, arbitration, data protection methods, and advantages like reliability and robustness in noisy environments. It concludes that CAN is well-suited for applications requiring many short messages with high reliability.
This document provides an overview of embedded automotive basics and AUTOSAR. It discusses how vehicle functions are currently implemented, introducing AUTOSAR as a standardized automotive software architecture. The document explains AUTOSAR's 4 step methodology for creating an E/E system architecture, including input descriptions, system configuration, ECU configuration, and generation of software executables. It also describes the AUTOSAR layered architecture and provides examples of CAN communication and client-server/sender-receiver interfaces.
All the images used in my presentation are belonging to their respective owners. I do not own any copyright.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> One of the Best, Semester-3 M.Tech Academic Seminar Presentation on "Controller Area Network Bus" or CAN Protocol.
>> One of the Automotive based protocols from Robert Bosch
>> Comes under In-Vehicle Networking (IVN) Technology
>> Includes most of the theoretical concepts of CAN
This short document discusses a unified diagnostics system protocol but provides no details about it. It begins with "UNIFIED DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM PROTOCOL" and ends abruptly with "THE END" without any further explanation or information.
AUTOSAR, which stands for AUTomotive Open System Architecture, is a partnership at a global scale between Automotive OEMs, Tier-I suppliers, semiconductor vendors, embedded hardware design houses and embedded software engineering service providers.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
The document discusses Adaptive AUTOSAR and its impact on diagnostics. Adaptive AUTOSAR uses a service-oriented architecture and allows applications to be loaded dynamically. It supports multiple scheduling strategies and each application has its own address space. For diagnostics, each software cluster will have its own diagnostic server instance and address. Communication between diagnostic clients and servers will use DOIP. Future releases will support external testers connecting via DOIP to diagnostic servers in different software clusters.
The Microcontroller Abstraction Layer contains drivers that provide an abstraction of the underlying microcontroller hardware. It aims to make the layers above it independent of the specific microcontroller by presenting a standardized interface.
UDS Software Stack, designed and developed by our experienced automotive team, is a ready-to-deploy, stable and
pre-tested solution. UDS protocol stack has helped our
global customers to reduce ECU product development cost
and time.
The UDS protocol stack offers a set of APIs to facilitate communication between the low level software and the application software.
https://www.embitel.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/UDS-fact-sheet_1.1.pdf
AUTOSAR aims to establish a uniform standard for automotive software that will facilitate scalability, reusability, and interoperability across many vehicle domains.
1) Audi and Mercedes introduced the AUTOSAR 3.2 standard for automotive software in their vehicle production in 2013.
2) They worked to harmonize their AUTOSAR implementations and stacks to gain synergies from testing implementations once and using them for multiple applications.
3) Introducing the AUTOSAR standard required significant effort to adapt specifications, develop tools, and address issues in order to make the standard suitable for production use.
An overview of the communication stack within the classical AUTOSAR
- AUTOSAR Static architecture
- Communication stack
- CAN stack
- PDU-ROUTER
LINKS:
---------
https://www.autosar.org/
This presentation is about AUTOSAR CAN stack. it provides an overview about:
- Included modules
- How modules communicate with each other
- Transmission and reception of frames
- changing network states
please let me know in the comments if you have any enhancements or feedback.
This document provides an overview of software components (SWCs) in AUTOSAR. It defines different types of SWCs including application SWCs, sensoractuator SWCs, parameter SWCs, and others. It describes the purpose and functionality of each SWC type. It also discusses SWC elements like ports, runnables, and implementation.
AUTOSAR compliant automotive software development is the new norms. From MCAL driver development to AUTOSAR migration and testing, the FAQ gives a lot of answers.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
Presentation by Hansang Lee
Automotive Software Engineering
Technical University of Chemnitz
13th May 2019
This presentation is mainly about,
- Basic Knowledge of AUTOSAR
- Task Scheduling Concepts on AUTOSAR with Multicore Supporing
The document provides an overview of the AUTOSAR standard and its objectives. AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is a standardized software architecture developed by automotive manufacturers to address the increasing complexity of automotive ECU systems. The key goals of AUTOSAR include improving software quality, reusability of functions across manufacturers, and making application software independent of hardware. The document outlines the layered AUTOSAR architecture and the four main steps to developing software using the AUTOSAR standard: input descriptions, system configuration, ECU configuration, and generation of software executables.
Memory Stack (MemStack) provides basic memory management services to the upper Application layer and to the Basic Software Modules (BSW) of the AUTOSAR layered architecture.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
AUTOSAR Memory Stack (MemStack) provides memory management services to the upper Application layer and to the Basic Software Modules (BSW) of the AUTOSAR layered architecture.Learn about the different software modules and device drivers of the AUTOSAR MemStack
Webinar presentation on AUTOSAR Multicore SystemsKPIT
The document discusses AUTOSAR multicore systems and provides an overview of the following key points:
1. AUTOSAR multicore architecture addresses the software challenges of migrating to multicore CPUs, such as concurrent data access, deadlocks, scheduling, and functionality partitioning.
2. The master-slave and master-satellite concepts allow partitioning of BSW modules across cores for enhanced safety and performance.
3. Mechanisms like spinlocks and IOC provide communication services for tasks on different cores and cores with memory protection boundaries.
4. KPIT's YUCCA tool helps with multicore migration through automatic parallelization of source code to optimize usage of multicore hardware.
Adaptive AUTOSAR - The New AUTOSAR ArchitectureAdaCore
Adaptive AUTOSAR is a new architecture from AUTOSAR that is designed to support more flexible, dynamic, and connected vehicle functions beyond what classic AUTOSAR currently supports. It features a dynamic operating system, strong application isolation, soft real-time capabilities, and higher resource availability compared to classic AUTOSAR. Both classic and adaptive AUTOSAR support functional safety through product measures like software partitioning, protection mechanisms, and diagnostics as well as process measures in development like requirements specification and testing.
Flash Bootloader Solutions For ECU Re-Programming: Embitel is expertise in providing solutions and services for Flash bootloader development and ECU re-programming in automotive industry.
This document discusses the AUTOSAR application layer. It explains that the application layer provides the system functionality through software components (SWCs) that contain software. The document outlines different types of SWCs and their elements like ports, runnable entities, and events. It also discusses how SWCs communicate internally and across ECUs using the virtual functional bus. The mapping of runnable entities to operating system tasks is mentioned as the topic for the next session.
CAN (Controller Area Network) Bus ProtocolAbhinaw Tiwari
The document discusses the CAN bus protocol. It provides an introduction that describes CAN as a multi-master, broadcasting, serial communication protocol for reliable data exchange between electronic control units. It then discusses CAN applications in automotive, industrial, medical and other fields. The document outlines CAN characteristics such as message prioritization, arbitration, data protection methods, and advantages like reliability and robustness in noisy environments. It concludes that CAN is well-suited for applications requiring many short messages with high reliability.
This document provides an overview of embedded automotive basics and AUTOSAR. It discusses how vehicle functions are currently implemented, introducing AUTOSAR as a standardized automotive software architecture. The document explains AUTOSAR's 4 step methodology for creating an E/E system architecture, including input descriptions, system configuration, ECU configuration, and generation of software executables. It also describes the AUTOSAR layered architecture and provides examples of CAN communication and client-server/sender-receiver interfaces.
All the images used in my presentation are belonging to their respective owners. I do not own any copyright.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> One of the Best, Semester-3 M.Tech Academic Seminar Presentation on "Controller Area Network Bus" or CAN Protocol.
>> One of the Automotive based protocols from Robert Bosch
>> Comes under In-Vehicle Networking (IVN) Technology
>> Includes most of the theoretical concepts of CAN
This short document discusses a unified diagnostics system protocol but provides no details about it. It begins with "UNIFIED DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM PROTOCOL" and ends abruptly with "THE END" without any further explanation or information.
AUTOSAR, which stands for AUTomotive Open System Architecture, is a partnership at a global scale between Automotive OEMs, Tier-I suppliers, semiconductor vendors, embedded hardware design houses and embedded software engineering service providers.
https://www.embitel.com/product-engineering-2/automotive/autosar/
The document discusses Adaptive AUTOSAR and its impact on diagnostics. Adaptive AUTOSAR uses a service-oriented architecture and allows applications to be loaded dynamically. It supports multiple scheduling strategies and each application has its own address space. For diagnostics, each software cluster will have its own diagnostic server instance and address. Communication between diagnostic clients and servers will use DOIP. Future releases will support external testers connecting via DOIP to diagnostic servers in different software clusters.
The Microcontroller Abstraction Layer contains drivers that provide an abstraction of the underlying microcontroller hardware. It aims to make the layers above it independent of the specific microcontroller by presenting a standardized interface.
UDS Software Stack, designed and developed by our experienced automotive team, is a ready-to-deploy, stable and
pre-tested solution. UDS protocol stack has helped our
global customers to reduce ECU product development cost
and time.
The UDS protocol stack offers a set of APIs to facilitate communication between the low level software and the application software.
https://www.embitel.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/UDS-fact-sheet_1.1.pdf
AUTOSAR aims to establish a uniform standard for automotive software that will facilitate scalability, reusability, and interoperability across many vehicle domains.
1) Audi and Mercedes introduced the AUTOSAR 3.2 standard for automotive software in their vehicle production in 2013.
2) They worked to harmonize their AUTOSAR implementations and stacks to gain synergies from testing implementations once and using them for multiple applications.
3) Introducing the AUTOSAR standard required significant effort to adapt specifications, develop tools, and address issues in order to make the standard suitable for production use.
This document provides a summary of an individual's professional experience in embedded automotive software development using AUTOSAR. It includes details on their education, technical skills, work experience with various automotive companies as a software engineer and technical leader specializing in areas like network design, communication stack development, integration and testing. It also lists their academic qualifications and achievements.
This document provides an overview and summary of Siemens S7-300 PLC programming. It covers the STEP 7 programming software, comparing CPU models and modules, addressing modules, loading memory, data types, and instructions for statement list programming, logic, math, timers, and more. Programming examples are also included at the end.
This document discusses component-based embedded systems. It begins by defining component-based technology as breaking large software applications into reusable modules. Embedded systems are computer systems that are part of a larger mechanical or electrical system. Combining component-based technology and embedded systems allows for reusable software components to be developed and configured for specific embedded devices. The document then discusses how component-based approaches can address needs in various domains that use embedded systems like automotive, industrial automation, and consumer electronics. It concludes by discussing priorities and improvements for using component-based software engineering in embedded systems, such as achieving predictability and developing widely adopted component models for real-time systems.
This document discusses simulation-based software development for time-triggered communication systems like FlexRay, which are commonly used in automotive applications. It introduces an approach using the SIDERA simulation system to develop and test application software on simulated communication controllers. This allows accelerating the software development process by eliminating delays from compiling and loading code onto hardware and easing debugging in distributed real-time systems. The goal is to enable executing host applications on simulated FlexRay controllers without requiring actual hardware or modifying the original code.
SIMULATION-BASED APPLICATION SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT IN TIME-TRIGGERED COMMUNICA...IJSEA
This paper introduces a simulation-based approach for design and test of application software for timetriggered
communication systems. The approach is based on the SIDERA simulation system that supports
the time-triggered real-time protocols TTP and FlexRay. We present a software development platform for
FlexRay based communication systems that provides an implementation of the AUTOSAR standard
interface for communication between host application and FlexRay communication controllers. For
validation, we present an application example in the course of which SIDERA has been deployed for
development and test of software modules for an automotive project in the field of driving dynamics
control.
This document provides an overview of modular programming concepts based on the ISA-88 standard for batch and discrete manufacturing. It describes key concepts such as the separation of procedural and equipment control, and the physical and procedural models. The physical model defines a hierarchy of equipment from the enterprise level down to equipment and control modules. The procedural model defines how the equipment is used to perform tasks based on the physical model. Modular programming using these standards provides benefits such as flexible production, improved performance, and reduced costs for both manufacturers and developers.
01-AUTOSAR In-vehicle Standardization with Certainty of Operations towards Gl...Sivaram P
This document discusses the AUTOSAR standard for automotive in-vehicle networks. It begins by comparing AUTOSAR to the OSI model for computer networks, noting that OSI helped standardize computer networking and led to benefits like easier troubleshooting. AUTOSAR aims to do the same for automotive in-vehicle networks. The document then discusses how AUTOSAR standardizes the architecture and integration of electronic control units and software to control different vehicle functional domains. This standardization brings benefits like reduced complexity, easier maintenance, and a more global automotive industry with options for interchangeable parts from different manufacturers. Finally, the document briefly outlines some of the main vehicle functional domains and the role of ECUs and software in controlling them.
Adnan Albujuq has over 15 years of experience as an embedded software engineer developing software for automotive electronic control modules. He has worked at companies such as Kostal of America, TRW Automotive, and Lear Corporation developing software for components like door control units, airbag systems, and body controllers using various microcontrollers and tools. He is currently pursuing a Master's degree in Program and Project Management while continuing his career as an embedded software engineer at Kostal of America.
The belt center distance measurement is standard practice to measure the center distance of the flat belt and V belt. The belts are tested at a particular load in LBF at this load; the objective of the system is to find out the exact center distance and belt override of the belts.
Some constituents of the testing apparatus are:
⮚ Pulleys – to stretch the belt and insert it
⮚ Load Cell – to measure the load or belt tension
⮚ Transducer – to calculate the belt override
⮚ Servo system – to generate the desired load
⮚ Magnetic Linear Scale – to measure the distance
The document provides requirements for an Open Cabster taxi management system. It includes sections on introduction and purpose, overall description of the system and its functions, user characteristics, and specific requirements. The system is designed to manage front office and back office functions for taxi operators, including vehicle booking, allocation, billing, maintenance management, and reporting.
Containerizing MuleSoft applications for hybrid deployment JuliaDemidova3
The microservice approach to the development and deployment of business applications is by now the standard for any complex systems with high requirements for availability, scalability and fault tolerance with a low time-to-market rate. This goes for integration platforms, including the MuleSoft Anypoint Platform. MuleSoft API-led connectivity approach is a rethinking of SOA and offers its own way of organizing microservices for API-centric integration.
Here we demonstrate how to implement a microservice architecture for API applications by placing them in separate Docker containers. Plus you will see how to organize an efficient and scalable system based on container orchestration using Docker Swarm and other popular open-source solutions.
The presentation is intended for an audience who is familiar with the microservice architectural style and basic DevOps concepts.
1. The document discusses embedded system design and embedded computing. It covers topics like components of embedded systems, real-time operating systems, challenges in embedded system design, and performance analysis.
2. It provides examples of embedded applications like ABS and stability control systems in cars that use microprocessors. Complex algorithms, user interfaces, real-time deadlines, and multirate behavior are characteristics of embedded computing applications.
3. Choosing hardware, meeting deadlines, minimizing power consumption, and designing for upgradability are some of the challenges in embedded system design discussed in the document. The CPU, platform, program, tasks, and multiprocessor impact performance in embedded computing systems.
This whitepaper discusses consolidating digital instrument clusters, heads-up displays, and infotainment systems into a single system to reduce costs. There are two main architectural approaches: a multi-layered approach that composites different visual layers, and a full display frame approach that renders the entire display as one layer. Both approaches come with challenges for functional safety requirements, including managing limited hardware resources and ensuring safety critical systems are not impacted by non-safety critical systems. The whitepaper concludes that hardware consolidation can significantly reduce costs if a reliable software architecture is developed that maintains functional safety.
Embedded-Systems-vs-Microcontrollers_-A-Comprehensive-Comparison By Embedded ...Embedded Hash
In the realm of modern electronics, embedded systems and microcontrollers play pivotal roles. While both are integral to the development of smart, automated solutions, their distinct characteristics and applications set them apart.
This presentation talks about Software Defined Vehicles, Automotive Standards including Cyber Security and Safety, Agile Methods like SAFe/Less , Continuous Delivery best practices.
RUGGEDCOM REFLEX is a substation HMI solution that provides remote monitoring and control of substation operations. It supports protocols for devices decades old and modern IEDs. REFLEX incorporates enterprise data through its SQL architecture. It offers features like single line diagrams, alarm handling, historian logging, custom graphics, rapid deployment through templates, and scalability through clustering. Security includes encryption, authentication, and integration with Active Directory.
This document provides an introduction to embedded systems. It defines embedded systems as computing systems with tightly coupled hardware and software that are designed to perform dedicated functions. Embedded systems have characteristics like reliability, efficiency, constrained resources, single-functionality, complex functionality where safety is critical. Common applications include automotive, telecommunications, consumer electronics, industrial equipment, medical devices, and more. The document outlines the design process for embedded systems including hardware/software partitioning and discusses processing engines like microprocessors and microcontrollers. It provides details on memory types, CPU architectures, and concludes with an overview of the software development process.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
bank management system in java and mysql report1.pdf
AUToSAR introduction
1.
2.
3. 20 mins
Software design
15 mins
Automotive market
20 mins
Introduction to
AUTOSAR
50 mins
AUTOSAR layered
architecture
15 mins
EX: Software
specifications
4. Software Design?
It is the proposition of an architecture that will perform the required functionality,
guarantee the real time constraints while adhering to the system resources and any
other specified requirements.
6. STATIC Design?
➔ Most systems are complex &big
➔ Divide the system to parts and
define the functionality of each
part
➔ Functionality breakdown
1-To decrease complexity
2-To facilitate maintainability
3-Make testing more easier
➔ Define sub_components
1-For complex component
2-For future porting/re-usability.
7. STATIC Design?
● Decomposition of software into
layer
● Layer :horizontal collection of
software modules .
● Why software layered
Architecture?
1- Isolated Application from
hardware changes as upper
layers don’t affect by lower ones
(portability)
2- Integration of functional modules
from multiple suppliers.
3- Provides the opportunity for re_use
by defining SW building.
8. STATIC Design?
4- Assists in breakdown of software requirements /functionalities.
5-Simplifies isolation of software bugs , Easier in Testing (detection and correction).
6- Facilitates software maintainability.
Disadvantage of dividing sw to layers ?
● More processing time due to calls between different layers and different modules
inside each layer
● requires more hardware resources (RAM,Storage,Processing Power,etc)
10. DYNAMIC Design?
● The objective of Dynamic design is guarantee the real time constraints are met.
● Define systems event ,tasks, isrs and their priorities
● Define time constraints.
● Methodology :
1- Process Definition.
2- Process Allocation
3- Timing calculations
11. DYNAMIC Design?
● Processes are definition
Process are defined based on
1- input acquisition
2-Decision making
3-Output generation
14. INTRODUCTION TO AUTOSAR?
● AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is a world wide.
● Standardization initiative of leading automotive manufacturers(OEM) ,
suppliers(TIER1,TIER2) and other companies that was founded in autumn of
2003.
● The goal is the development of a reference architecture for ECU software that
can manage the growing complexity of ECUs in modern vehicles.
● “Cooperate on standards, compete on implementation”
http://WWW.autosar.org
16. Why AUTOSAR ?
● Any software development is aimed at creating a new or improving an existing
function.
● Distribution of development between suppliers and/or within the company
● Flexibility in applying innovative solutions
● Simple integration of software into the system
● Reducing the total development cost
● Reducing the number of heterogeneous software due to industry
standardization
● Using standard software modules for different customers
● Increasing adaptation efficiency
● Software and accessories
● Standardized process developments and a data exchange format
● Development of new business models
17. WHY AUToSAR ?
1. MODULARITY:
Extend the requirements for given module. Modularity of automotive SW
Elements enables tailoring of SW according to the individual requirements of
Electronic control units and their tasks .
2. SCALABILITY:
Add new modules /stack and functionality (Ethernet) easily.Scalability of
functions
Ensure the adaptability of common sw modules to different vehicle platforms to
Prohibit proliferation of sw with similar function.
3. TRANSFERABILITY:
Transfer configuration from ecu to another one easily. Transferability of
functions
Optimizes the use of resources available throughout a vehicle’s electronic
Architecture.
18. WHY AUToSAR ?
4. RE_USABILITY:
Use stacks from different vendors .Re_usability of the functions helps to
improve
Product quality and reliability and to reinforce corporate brand image across
Product lines.
5. STANDARDIZED INTERFACE :
Standardization of functional interface across manufacturers and suppliers and
Standardization of the interface between the different software layers is seen
as a
Basis for achieving the technical goals of AUTOSAR.
6. ABSTRACTION FROM UNDERLYING:
19. Introduction to AUToSAR?
AUTOSAR CHALLENGES
● E/E complexity is growing fast.
● Many different hardware platforms are used.
● Development processes and data formats are not harmonized
● Quantity of sw is exploding.
The main objective of AUTOSAR
● Improve sw quality and reduce costs by re_use
- Reuse of the functions across carlines and
crossOEM boundaries
- Reuse of development methods and tools
- Reuse of the basic sw
28. The background for the introduction of Adaptive AUTOSAR
platform:
● The upcoming developments in the field of automotive software are influenced
heavily towards the concept of Intelligent Connected Vehicles. Ex: Automated
Driving, Connectivity(IOT), Electrification etc.
● To achieve these, we would need to incorporate advance sensors, controllers
and actuators. The High Performance Computing coming into the picture, there
was a need to define new standards forming the Adaptive AUTOSAR platform.
● Conclusion: At least in the near future the new Adaptive Platform will not be
replacing the existing Classic Platform. Both the platforms will have to co-exist.
We would continue to implement the deeply embedded functionalities on
Classic Platform while the high performance functionalities will be
implemented on the Adaptive Platform.
29.
30. AUTOSAR Software Architecture
● The AUTOSAR architecture is 3 Software Layers.
● The AUTOSAR architecture distinguishes on the highest abstraction level
between three software layers: Application, Runtime Environment, and Basic
Software which run on a Microcontroller.
31.
32. AUTOSAR Software Architecture
● The AUTOSAR Basic Software is further divided in the layers: Services, ECU
Abstraction, Microcontroller Abstraction and Complex Drivers.
● Provides services to the application.
● In charge of the running the functional part of the software.
33.
34. Microcontroller Abstraction Layer
● Lowest software layer of the BSW.
● It contains internal drivers, which are software modules with direct access to the
microcontroller and internal peripherals.
● Task:
Make higher software layers independent of microcontroller.
● Properties:
Implementation: Microcontroller dependent.
Upper Interface: standardized and microcontroller independent.
● Drivers in this layer are mainly provided by the microcontroller manufacture like
Renesas and Freescale or by Tier 2.
35. Microcontroller Abstraction Layer
● The Microcontroller Abstraction Layer consists of the following module groups:
○ I/O Drivers (e.g. ADC, PWM, DIO).
○ Communication Drivers (e.g. SPI, CAN, LIN, Ethernet, FlexRay)
○ Memory Drivers (e.g. internal flash, internal EEPROM)
○ Microcontroller Drivers (e.g. Watchdog, GPT, MCU, ICU)
36. ECU Abstraction Layer
● Middle software layer of the BSW.
● It contains drivers for external devices.
● It offers an API for access to peripherals and devices regardless of their location
(internal / external) and their connection to the microcontroller.
● Task:
Make higher software layers independent of ECU hardware layout.
● Properties:
Implementation: Microcontroller dependent, ECU hardware dependent.
Upper Interface: Microcontroller and ECU hardwareindependent.
37. Service Layer
● Highest software layer of the BSW.
● It offers:
○ OS functionality.
○ Vehicle network communication and management services.
○ Memory services (NVRAM management)
○ Diagnostic services (including UDS communication error memory and fault
treatment)
○ ECU state management, mode management.
○ Supervision and control services (WDG manager).
○ Error reporting service.
38. Complex Drivers
● Spans from the hardware to the RTE.
● Tasks:
Provides the possibility to integrate special purpose functionality, e.g. drivers for
devices.
○ Which are not specified within AUTOSAR
○ With very high timing constraints or for migration purposes etc.
● Properties:
Implementation: might be application, MC, and ECU hardware dependent.
Upper interface: might be application, MC, and ECU hardware dependent.
● Examples:
Injection control, Electric valve control, Incremental position detection
39.
40.
41. Application Layer
● Consists of software components (SWCs) which cover application requirements.
● SW-components are independent .
● SW-components are independent of MC and ECU on which it is mapped.
● SWCs interact with each other and with the BSW Layer through the RTE.
● All SWCs interactions are performed through the RTE.
○ Intra ECU communication
■ Communication between SWCS=s on the same ECU.
■ Communication between SWC and BSW modules.
■ Communication done through the RTE.
○ Inter ECU communication
■ Communication between SWCs on different ECUs.
■ Communication channels are used (CAN, LIN, Ethernet, FlexRay).
42. Runtime Environment Layer
● It provides communication services between the application software (AUTOSAR
software components) and each other.
● The software architecture style changes from “layered” to “component style”.
● The AUTOSAR software components communicate with other components (inter
and/or intra ECU) and/or services via the RTE.
● RTE controls the connections between SWCs and from SWCs to the BSW.
● Tasks:
Make AUTOSAR software components independent from the mapping to a specific
ECU.
● Properties:
Implementation: ECU and application specific (generated individually for each ECU).
Upper interface: completely ECU independent.
43.
44. METHODOLOGY
Derive E/E architecture from formal
descriptions of soft- and hardware
components
Functional software is described formally in
terms of “software Components” (SW-C).
Using “Software Component Descriptions”
as input, the “Virtual Functional Bus”
validates the interaction of all components
and interfaces before software
implementation.
Mapping of “Software Components” to
ECUs and configuration of basic software.
The AUTOSAR Methodology supports the
generation of an E/E architecture.