Contrast Agents In Radiology
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Contrast agents are compounds used to improve visibility of internal structures in images. Common types are iodine-based radiographic agents that can be ionic or non-ionic, and vary in osmolality. While contrast reactions are generally mild, severe reactions including anaphylaxis can occur. Risk factors include a history of previous reactions or asthma. Treatment depends on symptoms but may include epinephrine, steroids, oxygen and IV fluids. Proper screening, hydration and pre-treatment can help reduce risks of reactions and nephrotoxicity.
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This document summarizes different types of anti-glaucoma drugs. It discusses the classification of these drugs based on their mechanism of action, which includes reducing aqueous production, increasing aqueous outflow, or both. The main classes covered are beta blockers, prostaglandin analogues, parasympathomimetics, sympathomimetics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and hyperosmotics. Specific drugs are provided within each class along with their indications, mechanisms, dosages, and potential side effects. Combination drug therapies are also mentioned. Treatment protocols are outlined for primary open angle glaucoma and acute primary angle-closure glaucoma.
Cardiovascular Drugs
Cardiotonics, antiplatelets, anticoagulants, Thrombolytics, hypolipidemics and nursing responsibilities
Gout - all you need for primary care
This document discusses the treatment of a patient presenting with acute gout in their big toe. Key points include:
1) The patient's uric acid levels were elevated at 325 umol/L and further testing showed signs of inflammation.
2) Treatment for the acute attack involves NSAIDs, colchicine, steroids and aspirating the joint if needed.
3) For long-term management the patient was started on allopurinol 300mg daily with recommendations to slowly increase the dose up to 800mg as needed to maintain uric acid levels below 300 umol/L.
4) Lifestyle factors like diet, alcohol intake and weight management can also help control gout symptoms
Gout Review for Residents
Feeling the chapter on gout in HPIM didn't sufficiently capture the essence of managing gout, I felt the need to come up with a presentation discussing how best to manage the disease and cover some related topics such as allopurinol adverse events, diet and genetic testing prior to allopurinol use. This is my talk on gout which I gave to my IM residents last April 2019
Complications of chronic liver disease
Ascites - Hepatic Encephalopathy - Gastroesophageal Varices โ Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) - Hepato renal Syndrome - Alcoholic Liver Disease
Gout (1)
Gout is caused by deposits of sodium urate crystals in joints and tissues. It can be primary, due to a hereditary purine metabolism disorder, or secondary to drugs or other conditions that inhibit uric acid excretion. The document discusses the incidence, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications, diagnosis, and collaborative care of gout including treatments for acute attacks and chronic management. Tests like serum uric acid levels and synovial fluid analysis are used to monitor therapy for this metabolic disorder characterized by hyperuricemia and acute or chronic arthritis.
Medications in pediatrics
This document provides information on several medications including atropine, epinephrine, hydrocortisone, dopamine, furosemide, digoxin, digoxin immune fab, naloxone, phenytoin, phenobarbitone, and potassium chloride. For each medication, the document outlines indications, dosages, cautions, adverse effects, and monitoring as applicable. The document also provides treatment protocols for conditions like status asthmaticus and anaphylactic shock.
Medications in pediatrics
This document provides information on various medications including their indications, dosages, cautions, and adverse effects. It discusses drugs used to treat conditions like cardiac arrest, shock, seizures, and electrolyte abnormalities. The medications described include atropine, epinephrine, hydrocortisone, dopamine, furosemide, digoxin, phenytoin, phenobarbitone, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium gluconate. Precise dosages are provided for neonatal and pediatric patients.
How to manage adverse events from oncologic treatments.pdf
This document provides guidance for managing adverse events from oncologic treatments. It discusses hypersensitivity reactions, extravasation reactions, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, mucositis, and fatigue - describing prevention, assessment, and treatment strategies. The target audience is internists who are well-positioned to care for cancer patients experiencing side effects from their treatments.
Local Anesthesia Injection Technique
This document provides a historical overview of local anesthesia techniques from the 18th century introduction of chemical compounds to modern developments. It discusses key events and discoveries such as the first use of nitrous oxide and ether for dental procedures. The era of inhalation anesthesia gave way to injection techniques using hypodermic syringes and localized drugs like cocaine and procaine. Modern techniques for mandibular nerve blocks and vasoconstrictors that prolong anesthesia are also covered. The document concludes with sections on interactions, side effects, contraindications and toxicity of local anesthetic drugs and recommended maximum dosing.
PPT KEL 1 hipertensi fater.id.en (2).pptx
This document discusses a case of hypertension. It provides background information on the definition, etiology, and pathophysiology of hypertension. It then presents the case of a 56-year-old female patient who presented with heartburn, dizziness, and weakness. Her medical history and results of laboratory tests and examinations are summarized. The patient was prescribed various medications including sucralfate syrup, captopril, ondansentron, simvastatin, anstrain, and omeprazole to treat her symptoms and condition.
Thyroid crisis
This document summarizes key endocrine emergencies including thyroid storm, adrenal crisis, and hypoglycemia. Thyroid storm is a life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease or toxic multinodular goiter in 1-2% of cases, with a mortality rate of 20% without treatment. Adrenal crisis can occur due to primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency and presents with low blood pressure. Hypoglycemia is most commonly caused by insulin therapy in diabetic patients but can occur in non-diabetics, defined as a blood glucose below 50-60 mg/dL.
Treat. contrast reaction
1. Premedication for contrast reactions involves administering prednisone and diphenhydramine prior to the procedure. Methylprednisolone can also be used. For severe cases, hydrocortisone may be given intravenously.
2. In evaluating a contrast reaction, the patient's appearance, speech, breathing, pulse, and blood pressure should be assessed to determine the severity and type of reaction.
3. Treatment for acute reactions includes epinephrine for hives or facial/laryngeal edema. Hypotension is treated with fluids and epinephrine, while bradycardia may require atropine. Oxygen is also provided.
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Anti-glaucoma Drugs /Anti glaucoma eye drops/ Glaucoma Medications (healthkur...
Anti-glaucoma Drugs /Anti glaucoma eye drops/ Glaucoma Medications (healthkur...
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How to manage adverse events from oncologic treatments.pdf
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meaning of life and faith
Wisdom Global Islamic Mission เดตเดฟเดคเดฐเดฃเด เดเตเดฏเตเดฏเตเดจเตเดจ เดเตเดตเดฟเดคเด เดเดจเตเดคเดฟเดจเต เดตเตเดฃเตเดเดฟ เดเดจเตเดจ เดตเดฟเดทเดฏเดคเตเดคเดฟเตฝ เดเดณเตเดณ เดชเตเดธเตเดคเดเดคเตเดคเดฟเดจเตเดฑเต ONLINE เดเตเดชเตเดชเดฟ เดซเตเดฐเต เดเดฏเดฟ DOWNLOAD เดเตเดฏเตเดฏเดพเด ..เดทเตเดฏเตผ เดเตเดฏเตเดฏเตเด
Swalah of Prophet-Malayalam PDF
The document discusses proper prayer etiquette according to Islamic teachings from the Prophet Muhammad. It provides guidance on posture, recitations, timing of movements and more. References are given for further reading. Key points include praying with humility and concentration, straightening the rows, reciting prayers aloud but not too loud, and following the Prophet's example in all aspects of prayer.
Malayalam 36
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Malayalam 36
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Malakkukaludae prarthanakku vidheyamaakunnavar
1. The document discusses how angels pray for and support humans in different circumstances and hardships according to the teachings of Islam.
2. Angels are said to pray for those traveling to seek knowledge, those entering the path of faith, those afflicted by misfortune or harm, and those helping others in need.
3. The angels continuously pray and offer support for humans in various situations such as sickness, hardship, loss of family or livelihood, and when fulfilling acts of worship or righteousness.
Khaleelullayudae dhanya jeevitham maatrukayaakkunnathu
C_vdmlow \_n(A) was a wise and knowledgeable man who lived according to the teachings of God. He urged people to worship God alone without any idols or false beliefs. He preached to both large groups and individuals, patiently explaining the truth and guiding them to the right path with kindness, wisdom and logical reasoning. Many came to accept the true faith due to his efforts.
Lailathul qadar
The document discusses theories about what the term "Sลซrat al-Jathiyah" refers to. Some scholars believe it refers to a specific chapter in the Quran that was revealed in the 27th year of prophethood. However, others argue there is no scholarly consensus on which chapter it corresponds to, as references to it are found scattered across multiple chapters. The document also explores perspectives on whether it refers to a specific year or recurring period in Islamic history.
Prarthana sweeekarikkaathirikkaanulla patthu kaaranangal
The document discusses how people should treat others with compassion and acceptance, regardless of differences. It states that one should not judge others or make assumptions about them based on superficial attributes. It also advocates avoiding harmful speech and conflict, promoting understanding instead. The overall message is one of embracing diversity and showing kindness to all people.
Islamilae abhivaadyam
The document discusses the importance of speaking to others with wisdom. It provides several quotes from religious texts emphasizing that one should speak to both those who are present and absent, to those who are young and old, to the one who is wronging others as well as the one who is wronged. Speaking to others with wisdom can help guide them on the right path and bring people together through understanding and kindness.
Visarjana maryaathakal
The document provides guidance on proper etiquette for relieving oneself based on passages from religious texts. Some key points include:
1. Relieving oneself should be done in a private place away from roads and people's dwellings.
2. It is recommended to use one's left hand for cleansing oneself with water or stones after relieving oneself.
3. The area should be left clean and free of waste or odors when finished.
เดตเตเดณเตเดตเดฟเดจเตเดฑเต เดฐเตเดชเด
The document provides instructions for performing ablution (wudu) in 9 steps: 1) Say Bismillah; 2) Wash hands 3 times; 3) Rinse mouth 3 times and sniff water in/out of nose 3 times; 4) Wash face 3 times; 5) Wash right arm 3 times then left arm 3 times; 6) Wipe head once; 7) Wash right foot 3 times then left foot 3 times; 8) Finish by saying the shahadah. The document emphasizes performing wudu correctly before prayer.
The golden ages of islamic civilization
The document provides an overview of the golden ages of Islamic civilization between 600-1600 CE. It highlights key contributions Muslims made to various fields including:
- Mathematics (origins of algebra, trigonometry, calculus)
- Chemistry (founding principles, discovery of elements/acids)
- Medicine (anatomy, clinical practice, hospitals, ophthalmology)
- Physics (mechanics, automation)
- Other sciences like geography, astronomy, history
It also discusses the establishment of universities, libraries and houses of wisdom that promoted learning and knowledge production during this period. Figures like Ibn Sina, Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Razi, Ibn Khaldun made
Sunnathintae sthaanam islaamil
- The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is described as having conveyed the teachings of Islam to humanity in the clearest manner.
- Some narrations from his companions provide additional context about his character and mannerisms when explaining or discussing certain topics.
- His role was to communicate the message in the most understandable way for people to benefit from the guidance in both religious and worldly affairs.
Save your family before they burn
The document discusses the importance of protecting one's family from Hellfire by fulfilling one's responsibilities as a guardian. It outlines various ways for guardians like fathers, husbands, and leaders to spiritually and morally guide their families, such as teaching religious knowledge, enforcing obligations like prayers and charity, providing a worshipful upbringing, and shielding the home from sinful influences. Guardians are reminded that they will be held accountable for those under their care and must make efforts to save their families from punishment in the Hereafter.
Yaatraa maryaathakal
The document contains passages from religious texts in Arabic and other languages. It discusses concepts like prayer, charity, humility before God, and using prayer and good deeds to overcome hardships. The document emphasizes seeking guidance from God and living according to religious principles.
Urakkam sharddikkenda sunnathukal
The document contains guidance on various Islamic practices and principles from sources like the Hadith and Quran. It encourages acts like praying 33 times each for "Subhanallah", "Alhamdulillah", and "Allahu Akbar" as well as giving advice, remembering God, praying, and seeking forgiveness. It promotes peace and togetherness through Islam.
Pravachakanmaariloodae
This document provides information on 25 prophets in Islamic tradition. It lists their names and provides brief details about each prophet, including some of their family members, locations preached in, and miracles performed. The prophets discussed include Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad among others.
Namaskarikkunnavar santhoshikkuka
The document is a collection of passages in an unknown language discussing various teachings and sayings attributed to the Prophet Muhammad. Some of the passages discuss inviting others to wisdom, following the example of the Prophet, seeking knowledge, and striving for peace. The document emphasizes living according to the guidance of the Prophet.
Namaskaara sheshamulla dikrukal
The document contains Islamic religious teachings and prayers in Arabic and other languages with translations. It promotes the worship of God and following Islamic principles of peace, justice, and righteousness. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of working together towards achieving peace through the global Islamic mission.
Hope..
1. The document discusses the concept of hope in Islam, describing it as an obligation directed solely towards Allah.
2. It explains that hope linguistically means wishing to achieve something and fearing something, while religiously it refers to attachment of the heart towards something one likes.
3. Maintaining a balance between hope and fear is important for Muslims, as fluctuating between the two keeps one drawing close to Allah through obedience and wary of disobeying Him.
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Khaleelullayudae dhanya jeevitham maatrukayaakkunnathu
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Contrast Agents In Radiology
- 1. Contrast Agents dr shabeel pn
- 3. Commonly used iodinated contrast agents Iso Osmolar 290 320 Non-ionic dimer Iodixanol (Visipaque 320) 884 350 Non-ionic Iohexol (Omnipaque 350) 796 370 Non-ionic monomer Iopamidol (Isovue 370) Non-Ionic Low Osmolar 580 320 Ionic Ioxaglate (Hexabrix) 2100 370 Ionic Metrizoate (Isopaque Coronar 370) High Osmolar 1550 300 Ionic Monomer Diatrizoate (Hypaque 50) Ionic Osmolality Iodine Content Type Name