This document provides an overview of different temporary contraceptive methods, including barrier methods like condoms and diaphragms, hormonal methods like oral contraceptives and injectables, and intrauterine devices. It describes the effectiveness, side effects, and proper use of each method. The ideal contraceptive is described as highly effective, safe, simple to use, and reversible. The conclusion emphasizes that providing a variety of contraceptive options can help couples plan their families by avoiding unwanted pregnancies.

1. Mittal College Of Nursing
Ajmer
A Presentation On
Temporary Contraceptive Method

2. Methods of Contraception
 Contraception is the prevention of conc
eption by methods other than abstinenc
e , its used to limit the size of family
( birth control )
or
( Family planning)

3. Ideal Contraception
An ideal contraception should fulfill the foll
owing:
 Highly efficient
 Free from unwanted side effect
 Absolute safety
 Simplicity of use
 Reversible
 Well tolerated

4. Methods of Contraception
The following is an overview of the curren
tly available methods of contraception:
There are two methods of cobtraception
1. Temporary
2. Permanent

5. Temporary Method

6. Barrier Methods
 The condom
 Diaphragms and
cervical caps
 Spermicides

7. Hormonal Methods
 Oral contraceptives
 Injectable contraceptives
 Implants

9. Other Methods
 Intra uterine devices
 Periodic abstinence/
NFP natural family
Planning ( I. e safe
period )
 Sterilization

10. IUCDs

11. Barrier Methods
The condom
 Simple
 Effective methods of contraception- 98% su
ss rate
 Without side effects
 Available
 Reduce the risk of STDs including the acqui
immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS)
 40 MILLION COUPLES RELY ON CONDO
GLOBALLY

12. Diaphragms and Cervical Caps
and The Sponge
 The diaphragms and cervical caps should be u
sed with spermicide
 Failure rate 5-10 %
 The sponge is known in the U.K and the USA
 Advantage of the sponge in that it can be left f
or 24 hours in the vagina ,besides that one siz
e fits all women
 Success rate 85- 95 %

13. Diaphragm

14. Spermicides
 In the form of creams, gel aerosols, melt
ing suppositories and foaming tablets
 Used alone
 Failure rate 10- 15 %

15. Hormonal Methods
 Oral contraception
three types:
 Combined monophasic pill: most commonly us
ed ( combination of estrogen and progestogen
)
 Triphasic combined pill : estrogen and progest
ogen but the ratio varies during the month to
mimic the natural hormonal pattern in the men
strual cycle
 Progestogen only pill : mini pill

16. Combined Oral Contraceptives
Advantages
 These are simple to use and highly effe
ctive
 No special preparation is necessary bef
ore intercourse
 The pill may relieve irregular menstrual
periods, cramps and premenstrual tensi
on

17. Combined Oral Contraceptives
Advantages (continue….)
 Less likely to get cancer of the uterus
 Less suffering from ovarian cysts
 Much less likely to suffer from ectopic pr
egnancy
 Fewer attacks of rheumatoid arthritis

18. Disadvantages:
 Some women have difficulty rememberi
ng to take their daily pill
 Some women experience side effects s
uch as nausea, breast tenderness or , w
eight gain or loss, headache , depressio
n and spotting or bleeding between men
strual periods

19. Disadvantages
 The estrogen -containing contraceptives
present increased risk of serious disord
ers due to blood clotting in some wome
n ( low dose is recommended)
 A woman should not take the combined
pill while breast -feeding an infant

20. Progestogen Only Pill ( mini pill)
 Has higher failure rate than combined pi
ll
 Suitable for lactating mother

21. Action
 By the interference with the passage of
sperm through the cervical mucous, als
o affect the endometrium making it less
suitable for implantation of the embryo

22. Side Effects
 Headache
 Nausea
 Intermittent bleeding
 Thrombosis
 Hypertension
further research under taken to devel
op a once month pill

23. Injectable Contraceptives
 Has proven to be highly effective metho
d of fertility regulation
 The most widely available injectable con
traceptive in the U.K , Germany , New Z
ealand , Sweden and many countries all
over the world

24. Injectable Contraceptives
 Contents: synthetic progesterone, adm
inistered once every three months
 Side effects: headache, dizziness, weig
ht gain , menstrual disturbances, no life
threatening complications such as CV ef
fects seen with Ocs.

25. Implants
 The recent development in the field of h
ormonal contraception
 Six capsules which are implanted under
the skin of the arm and provide contrace
ption for five years
 It should be put in the place by a trained
health worker and at the end of the five
years the capsules can be removed

26. Implants
 Proper aseptic techniques should be us
ed during insertion and removal to avoid
infection at the site of implant

27. Implants Side Effects
 Irregular bleeding in the first few months
followed by amenorrhea
 Norplants are non-biodegradable
( biodegradable = absorbed by the body
)
 A two rod, 18 month implant is being de
veloped as well

28. IUDs
 These are plastic or metal devices which
are placed in the uterus to prevent pregn
ancy
 More than 60 million women around the
world use IUDs
 Common available IUDs :lippes loop
copper T
copper 7
Multi load
Nova T

30. Side Effects of IUDs
 Expulsion
 Perforation
 Heavy and prolonged bleeding
P.S
Superiority of copper released IUDs over
plastic devices in the terms of perforation,
expulsion, and continuation rate

31. Conclusion
 The world population is around 6 billion , f
our hundred million couples are practicing
a family planning, many couples around th
e world who are motivated to practice fami
ly planning lack the sources or the method
s suitable for their needs.
 At least one method may be suitable for ea
ch couple at any given time in order to pla
n their families avoid unwanted pregnancy
.

32. THANQ