Consumer perception
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•1,009 views
This document discusses key concepts related to consumer perception. It defines perception as how consumers select and organize sensory stimuli to understand the world. Sensation is the basic response of senses to stimuli, while thresholds refer to minimum levels of detection. Attention, interpretation and other factors influence perception. Principles like repetition and contrast impact how noticeable stimuli are. Risk perception considers functional, financial and other risks of products. Strategies can impact a consumer's exposure to, and processing of, marketing stimuli.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Chapter 6 Consumer Perception
This chapter discusses consumer perception and the key elements and aspects that influence how consumers perceive marketing stimuli. It covers sensation and threshold, selection through selective exposure and attention, organization through figure-ground relationships and closure, and interpretation based on stereotypes, first impressions, and halo effects. Marketers must understand these concepts to effectively position products and services, and influence how consumers perceive quality, price, risk, and other attributes.
Chapter 5 Personality And Consumer Behavior
The document discusses theories of personality and how they relate to consumer behavior. It covers Freudian theories that see consumption as reflecting unconscious drives. Neo-Freudian theory examines social relationships and feelings of inferiority. Trait theory views personality as traits like innovativeness and dogmatism that influence choices. Cognitive factors like need for cognition also affect responses to ads. Materialism and compulsive buying are examined. Color and product personalities are discussed in how they shape brand perceptions.
Self Concept - Consumer Behavior
This document discusses consumer self-concept and its relationship to product image and choice. It defines key terms like self-image, ideal self-image, social self-image, and ideal social self-image. Products are seen as having images determined by attributes like packaging and advertising that can be congruent or incongruent with consumers' self-concepts. Research has found relationships between self-image/product image congruity and consumer choice, though findings are debated for social and ideal social self-images. Product conspicuousness and personalization may also influence these relationships. Personality and striving for an ideal self can impact how self-concept relates to preferences and purchase intentions. A product's image can develop from how consumers
consumer behaviour learning
This document discusses various theories of consumer learning. It begins by defining consumer learning as how individuals acquire knowledge and experience about purchase and consumption that they apply to future behaviors.
It then outlines the key elements of consumer learning: motivation, cues, response, and reinforcement. It also discusses different behavioral learning theories, including classical and instrumental conditioning. Classical conditioning involves pairing a stimulus with a response, while instrumental conditioning involves learning through rewards and punishments.
The document also covers observational learning, cognitive learning theory involving problem solving, and involvement theory related to the relevance of purchases and central vs. peripheral routes to persuasion for high vs low involvement decisions.
Keller sbm3 02
The document discusses Kevin Keller's model of customer-based brand equity. It describes brand equity as the differential effect that brand knowledge has on consumer response to marketing for that brand. The model includes six dimensions that comprise brand equity: brand identity, meaning, responses, resonance, salience, and imagery. Building strong brand equity requires marketers to establish brand awareness, create positive brand associations, and develop deep, active loyalty relationships between customers and the brand.
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR-Preception
This document discusses the concept of perception. It begins by defining perception as the process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret sensory stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It then explores various aspects of perception, including sensation and thresholds, as well as the three main elements of perception: selection, organization, and interpretation. Selection involves what stimuli grab our attention based on expectations and motives. Organization discusses how we group related stimuli together. Interpretation examines how we attribute meaning to stimuli, which can be influenced by stereotypes, physical appearances, and first impressions. The document also covers related topics like risk perception and ways to reduce perceived risk when making purchases.
Consumer perception
Consumer perception is how individuals select, organize, and interpret stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It involves sensation, where sensory receptors receive stimuli, and thresholds, such as the absolute threshold where something is barely detected and the just noticeable difference between two similar stimuli. Subliminal perception involves stimuli too weak to be consciously perceived but strong enough to be detected by receptors. Consumers develop images of products and brands based on symbolic meanings and evaluate brands on consistency with their self-images. Marketers position products through overall company images, competition, benefits, and multiple offerings under different brands to fill various positions. Repositioning may occur due to new competitors or saturated attributes, and perceptual mapping identifies product positions and gaps in
Keller sbm3 01
This document provides an overview of brands and brand management. It defines what a brand is, distinguishes brands from products, and explains the five levels of meaning for a product. It discusses why brands are important for both consumers and firms in reducing risk, simplifying decisions, and acting as a source of competitive advantage and financial returns. The document also outlines the strategic brand management process and introduces concepts like brand positioning, marketing programs, performance measurement, and growing brand equity.
Recommended
Chapter 6 Consumer Perception
This chapter discusses consumer perception and the key elements and aspects that influence how consumers perceive marketing stimuli. It covers sensation and threshold, selection through selective exposure and attention, organization through figure-ground relationships and closure, and interpretation based on stereotypes, first impressions, and halo effects. Marketers must understand these concepts to effectively position products and services, and influence how consumers perceive quality, price, risk, and other attributes.
Chapter 5 Personality And Consumer Behavior
The document discusses theories of personality and how they relate to consumer behavior. It covers Freudian theories that see consumption as reflecting unconscious drives. Neo-Freudian theory examines social relationships and feelings of inferiority. Trait theory views personality as traits like innovativeness and dogmatism that influence choices. Cognitive factors like need for cognition also affect responses to ads. Materialism and compulsive buying are examined. Color and product personalities are discussed in how they shape brand perceptions.
Self Concept - Consumer Behavior
This document discusses consumer self-concept and its relationship to product image and choice. It defines key terms like self-image, ideal self-image, social self-image, and ideal social self-image. Products are seen as having images determined by attributes like packaging and advertising that can be congruent or incongruent with consumers' self-concepts. Research has found relationships between self-image/product image congruity and consumer choice, though findings are debated for social and ideal social self-images. Product conspicuousness and personalization may also influence these relationships. Personality and striving for an ideal self can impact how self-concept relates to preferences and purchase intentions. A product's image can develop from how consumers
consumer behaviour learning
This document discusses various theories of consumer learning. It begins by defining consumer learning as how individuals acquire knowledge and experience about purchase and consumption that they apply to future behaviors.
It then outlines the key elements of consumer learning: motivation, cues, response, and reinforcement. It also discusses different behavioral learning theories, including classical and instrumental conditioning. Classical conditioning involves pairing a stimulus with a response, while instrumental conditioning involves learning through rewards and punishments.
The document also covers observational learning, cognitive learning theory involving problem solving, and involvement theory related to the relevance of purchases and central vs. peripheral routes to persuasion for high vs low involvement decisions.
Keller sbm3 02
The document discusses Kevin Keller's model of customer-based brand equity. It describes brand equity as the differential effect that brand knowledge has on consumer response to marketing for that brand. The model includes six dimensions that comprise brand equity: brand identity, meaning, responses, resonance, salience, and imagery. Building strong brand equity requires marketers to establish brand awareness, create positive brand associations, and develop deep, active loyalty relationships between customers and the brand.
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR-Preception
This document discusses the concept of perception. It begins by defining perception as the process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret sensory stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It then explores various aspects of perception, including sensation and thresholds, as well as the three main elements of perception: selection, organization, and interpretation. Selection involves what stimuli grab our attention based on expectations and motives. Organization discusses how we group related stimuli together. Interpretation examines how we attribute meaning to stimuli, which can be influenced by stereotypes, physical appearances, and first impressions. The document also covers related topics like risk perception and ways to reduce perceived risk when making purchases.
Consumer perception
Consumer perception is how individuals select, organize, and interpret stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It involves sensation, where sensory receptors receive stimuli, and thresholds, such as the absolute threshold where something is barely detected and the just noticeable difference between two similar stimuli. Subliminal perception involves stimuli too weak to be consciously perceived but strong enough to be detected by receptors. Consumers develop images of products and brands based on symbolic meanings and evaluate brands on consistency with their self-images. Marketers position products through overall company images, competition, benefits, and multiple offerings under different brands to fill various positions. Repositioning may occur due to new competitors or saturated attributes, and perceptual mapping identifies product positions and gaps in
Keller sbm3 01
This document provides an overview of brands and brand management. It defines what a brand is, distinguishes brands from products, and explains the five levels of meaning for a product. It discusses why brands are important for both consumers and firms in reducing risk, simplifying decisions, and acting as a source of competitive advantage and financial returns. The document also outlines the strategic brand management process and introduces concepts like brand positioning, marketing programs, performance measurement, and growing brand equity.
Chapter 1 Consumer Behavior Its Origins And Strategic Applications
This document provides an overview of consumer behavior and marketing concepts. It discusses the evolution from production and selling concepts to the modern marketing concept. The marketing concept focuses on determining consumer needs and delivering superior value. The document also introduces segmentation, targeting, positioning and the marketing mix as tools to implement the marketing concept. It discusses the importance of creating customer value, satisfaction and retention through successful relationships.
Chapter 7 Consumer Learning
This document discusses consumer learning theories and their application in marketing. It covers both behavioral learning theories like classical and instrumental conditioning, as well as cognitive learning theory. Marketers use these theories to build brand loyalty through repetition, associations between stimuli and responses, and driving consumers to rehearse information. Behavioral theories focus on observable behaviors in response to stimuli, while cognitive theory examines mental problem solving and information processing.
Consumer Perception
Consumer perception the base for decision making. People make decisions instantly within 20 seconds about other person, yet when it comes to product they take more time. If the perception tone is set right by the companies consumer will not have any confusions. This presentation explores the ways and means of consumer perception and ends with the application of perception at large by organizations around the globe.
Consumer Attitude Formation and Changes 1784
Attitudes are learned predispositions to behave positively or negatively towards people, objects, services or ideas. They have three components - cognitive, affective and behavioral. Attitudes are formed through direct experience, social influences and personality traits. Marketers use various strategies to change attitudes, such as associating products with groups, resolving conflicting attitudes, and altering beliefs about attributes. Theories of attitude formation include cognitive dissonance theory and attribution theory, which provide different perspectives on how behavior can precede and influence attitude.
Chapter 12 Influence Of Culture On Consumer Behavior
The document discusses how culture influences consumer behavior. It defines culture as the learned beliefs, values and customs shared by members of a society. Culture is transmitted through enculturation, acculturation, language, symbols, rituals and sharing. Marketers must understand a target culture to effectively appeal to consumers within that culture.
Consumer imagery
This document discusses various aspects of consumer imagery and perception. It explains that consumer imagery refers to consumers buying products that align with their self-image. It then outlines issues like product positioning, perceived price, quality, and risk. It provides examples of how products are positioned for specific benefits. Finally, it examines strategies for positioning and discusses factors that influence a consumer's perception of price, quality, and risk.
Consumer socialization
Consumer socialization is the process by which young people learn skills, knowledge, and attitudes related to functioning in the marketplace. Parents, friends, family members, and television influence children's consumer behavior norms, brand preferences, and ability to understand advertising at different stages of cognitive development. Parents can teach children price-quality relationships, comparison shopping skills, and help influence their values. Younger children recall advertising slogans but impact varies by age, and children progress through observing, requesting, selecting, assisted purchasing, and independent purchasing stages as they develop cognitively and gain experience.
Chapter 10 Referene Group And Family Reference
This document discusses reference groups and the family as consumer reference groups. It covers the following key points:
1) Reference groups are people or groups that individuals compare themselves to in forming attitudes and behaviors. Major consumer reference groups include friendship groups, shopping groups, work groups, and virtual communities.
2) Celebrity endorsements, experts, and common people are often used in reference group appeals in advertising. Family roles in decision making include influencers, gatekeepers, deciders, buyers, and others.
3) The traditional American family is changing with more non-family households, working mothers, and childless women. Consumer socialization is how children learn consumer skills and roles. Marketers can influence this process
Chapter 8 Consumer Attitude Formation And Change
The document discusses various models of attitude formation and change, including:
1. The tricomponent model which views attitudes as having cognitive, affective, and conative components.
2. Multiattribute models like the theory of reasoned action that examine how attitudes are formed based on beliefs about an object's attributes.
3. The theory of trying to consume which accounts for cases where action or outcome is uncertain.
4. The attitude-toward-the-ad model which proposes that feelings and judgments formed from exposure to ads affect brand attitudes.
Strategies for changing attitudes discussed include associating products with groups, resolving conflicts, altering belief components, and changing beliefs about competitors.
Consumer learning
This document discusses various concepts related to consumer learning, including:
1. Behavioral learning theories like classical and instrumental conditioning that explain how consumers learn through rewards and punishments.
2. Cognitive learning theories like information processing that view learning as involving attention, memory, and problem-solving.
3. Marketers can apply learning concepts like repetition, generalization, and reinforcement to influence consumer behavior through advertising.
Chapter 4 Consumer Motivation
This document discusses consumer motivation and needs. It defines needs as the driving force behind consumer actions and distinguishes between innate and acquired needs. Goals are what consumers aim to fulfill needs and can be generic or product-specific. Motivation can be positive or negative and rational or emotional. Needs are never fully satisfied and people set new goals as old ones are achieved. Frustration can occur when goals are not met, and people use defense mechanisms. Motivational research aims to uncover hidden motivations through qualitative techniques.
Schiffman16.ppt best ppt,decision making1
The document discusses different levels of consumer decision making including extensive problem solving, limited problem solving, and routinized response behavior. It also summarizes different models of consumer decision making including the economic, passive, cognitive, and emotional views. Additionally, it outlines the three main stages of consumer decision making - need recognition, prepurchase search, and evaluation of alternatives.
9/19/2011 Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior
Date: 9/19/2011
Course: MK617 Consumer Behavior
Assignment: Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior
Description: “Every product you purchase reflects who you really are”
A critical review of Joseph Sirgy article about Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior.
For this assignment, students were presented some definitions and theories about Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior. This included the definition of the Image product, the process of identification, congruity and incongruity, but also some self-concept measurements practices.
Chapter 14 Cross Cultural Consumer Behavior
The document discusses cross-cultural consumer behavior from an international perspective. It covers several topics including the imperative for companies to be multinational, cross-cultural consumer analysis, and alternative multinational marketing strategies. Some key points are that marketers must understand similarities and differences between cultures, there is a growing global middle class and teenage market, and companies can use standardized or localized marketing approaches depending on the product and culture.
Consumer attitude towards consumer behaviour
Attitude, nature of attitude, factors of attitude, consumer attitude, components of attitude, structural models of attitude, issues in formation of attitude, conclusion
Chapter 2 Consumer Research
This document provides an overview of quantitative and qualitative consumer research methods. It discusses developing research objectives, types of secondary and primary data collection. Quantitative methods covered include surveys, experiments, and observational research. Qualitative methods discussed include depth interviews, focus groups, projective techniques, and metaphor analysis. The document also addresses research validity and reliability, questionnaire design, sampling, and reporting findings. The overall content provides a comprehensive introduction to the consumer research process.
Keller sbm3 09
The document discusses qualitative and quantitative techniques for measuring sources of brand equity and capturing customer mindsets. It describes methods like free association, projective techniques, the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET), and experiential research. Quantitative measures include awareness, image, brand responses, and brand relationships. Comprehensive models of customer-based brand equity are also covered, including the Brand Dynamics model, Equity Engines, and Young & Rubicam's Brand Asset Valuator (BAV).
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
Motivation is an inner psychological force that activates and directs behavior toward goals. It stems from needs and wants and is influenced by individual traits and learning. Highly motivated employees tend to work more efficiently and be more productive.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that people are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization needs in that order. ERG theory is an alternative that groups these needs into existence, relatedness and growth. McClelland's needs theory identifies the needs for power, affiliation and achievement as key motivators. Expectancy theory and equity theory are process-based theories that explain how motivation occurs based on desired outcomes and perceptions of fair treatment.
Communication and Consumer Behavior
This document outlines key concepts in communication and consumer behavior including:
- The basic communication model involves a message initiator, sender, receiver, medium, message, target audience, and feedback.
- Source credibility is important, and comes from informal sources like word of mouth, formal sources like companies, and spokespeople/endorsers.
- When designing persuasive communications, marketers must consider objectives, target audiences through segmentation, and message strategies involving framing, comparisons, and order effects.
- Different media like magazines and television each have strengths and limitations for delivering marketing messages. Emotional appeals and humor can also impact message effectiveness depending on the audience and product.
BB Chapter Eight: Perception
This chapter discusses consumer perception and the processes that occur within an individual when receiving marketing messages. It covers the three main phases of perception: sensing, organizing, and reacting to stimuli. Attention and interpretation are influenced by characteristics of the stimulus, the individual, and the situation. The chapter also examines exposure, attention, and interpretation in detail, outlining key factors that influence each step of information processing for consumer decision making.
Consumer perception 05
This document discusses consumer perception and the process by which consumers select and organize stimuli to make sense of the world. It describes perception as involving more than just sensing something, but assigning meaning to it. The key aspects of consumer perception discussed are exposure to information, attention, and perceived risk. Exposure deals with consumers initially noticing marketing stimuli, while attention refers to how much processing capacity they allocate to a stimulus. Perceived risk involves consumers' assessment of potential consequences of a purchase or service.
Consumer perception
Perceptual mapping is a marketing research technique that visually plots consumer perceptions of a product or brand relative to competitors based on factors like quality, price, and performance. Marketers use perceptual maps to identify positioning strategies for products by seeing how consumers view them in relation to other options. A basic perceptual map will plot brands on a chart using two dimensions, like price and quality, to understand where a new product could be launched to fill gaps.
More Related Content
What's hot
Chapter 1 Consumer Behavior Its Origins And Strategic Applications
This document provides an overview of consumer behavior and marketing concepts. It discusses the evolution from production and selling concepts to the modern marketing concept. The marketing concept focuses on determining consumer needs and delivering superior value. The document also introduces segmentation, targeting, positioning and the marketing mix as tools to implement the marketing concept. It discusses the importance of creating customer value, satisfaction and retention through successful relationships.
Chapter 7 Consumer Learning
This document discusses consumer learning theories and their application in marketing. It covers both behavioral learning theories like classical and instrumental conditioning, as well as cognitive learning theory. Marketers use these theories to build brand loyalty through repetition, associations between stimuli and responses, and driving consumers to rehearse information. Behavioral theories focus on observable behaviors in response to stimuli, while cognitive theory examines mental problem solving and information processing.
Consumer Perception
Consumer perception the base for decision making. People make decisions instantly within 20 seconds about other person, yet when it comes to product they take more time. If the perception tone is set right by the companies consumer will not have any confusions. This presentation explores the ways and means of consumer perception and ends with the application of perception at large by organizations around the globe.
Consumer Attitude Formation and Changes 1784
Attitudes are learned predispositions to behave positively or negatively towards people, objects, services or ideas. They have three components - cognitive, affective and behavioral. Attitudes are formed through direct experience, social influences and personality traits. Marketers use various strategies to change attitudes, such as associating products with groups, resolving conflicting attitudes, and altering beliefs about attributes. Theories of attitude formation include cognitive dissonance theory and attribution theory, which provide different perspectives on how behavior can precede and influence attitude.
Chapter 12 Influence Of Culture On Consumer Behavior
The document discusses how culture influences consumer behavior. It defines culture as the learned beliefs, values and customs shared by members of a society. Culture is transmitted through enculturation, acculturation, language, symbols, rituals and sharing. Marketers must understand a target culture to effectively appeal to consumers within that culture.
Consumer imagery
This document discusses various aspects of consumer imagery and perception. It explains that consumer imagery refers to consumers buying products that align with their self-image. It then outlines issues like product positioning, perceived price, quality, and risk. It provides examples of how products are positioned for specific benefits. Finally, it examines strategies for positioning and discusses factors that influence a consumer's perception of price, quality, and risk.
Consumer socialization
Consumer socialization is the process by which young people learn skills, knowledge, and attitudes related to functioning in the marketplace. Parents, friends, family members, and television influence children's consumer behavior norms, brand preferences, and ability to understand advertising at different stages of cognitive development. Parents can teach children price-quality relationships, comparison shopping skills, and help influence their values. Younger children recall advertising slogans but impact varies by age, and children progress through observing, requesting, selecting, assisted purchasing, and independent purchasing stages as they develop cognitively and gain experience.
Chapter 10 Referene Group And Family Reference
This document discusses reference groups and the family as consumer reference groups. It covers the following key points:
1) Reference groups are people or groups that individuals compare themselves to in forming attitudes and behaviors. Major consumer reference groups include friendship groups, shopping groups, work groups, and virtual communities.
2) Celebrity endorsements, experts, and common people are often used in reference group appeals in advertising. Family roles in decision making include influencers, gatekeepers, deciders, buyers, and others.
3) The traditional American family is changing with more non-family households, working mothers, and childless women. Consumer socialization is how children learn consumer skills and roles. Marketers can influence this process
Chapter 8 Consumer Attitude Formation And Change
The document discusses various models of attitude formation and change, including:
1. The tricomponent model which views attitudes as having cognitive, affective, and conative components.
2. Multiattribute models like the theory of reasoned action that examine how attitudes are formed based on beliefs about an object's attributes.
3. The theory of trying to consume which accounts for cases where action or outcome is uncertain.
4. The attitude-toward-the-ad model which proposes that feelings and judgments formed from exposure to ads affect brand attitudes.
Strategies for changing attitudes discussed include associating products with groups, resolving conflicts, altering belief components, and changing beliefs about competitors.
Consumer learning
This document discusses various concepts related to consumer learning, including:
1. Behavioral learning theories like classical and instrumental conditioning that explain how consumers learn through rewards and punishments.
2. Cognitive learning theories like information processing that view learning as involving attention, memory, and problem-solving.
3. Marketers can apply learning concepts like repetition, generalization, and reinforcement to influence consumer behavior through advertising.
Chapter 4 Consumer Motivation
This document discusses consumer motivation and needs. It defines needs as the driving force behind consumer actions and distinguishes between innate and acquired needs. Goals are what consumers aim to fulfill needs and can be generic or product-specific. Motivation can be positive or negative and rational or emotional. Needs are never fully satisfied and people set new goals as old ones are achieved. Frustration can occur when goals are not met, and people use defense mechanisms. Motivational research aims to uncover hidden motivations through qualitative techniques.
Schiffman16.ppt best ppt,decision making1
The document discusses different levels of consumer decision making including extensive problem solving, limited problem solving, and routinized response behavior. It also summarizes different models of consumer decision making including the economic, passive, cognitive, and emotional views. Additionally, it outlines the three main stages of consumer decision making - need recognition, prepurchase search, and evaluation of alternatives.
9/19/2011 Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior
Date: 9/19/2011
Course: MK617 Consumer Behavior
Assignment: Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior
Description: “Every product you purchase reflects who you really are”
A critical review of Joseph Sirgy article about Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior.
For this assignment, students were presented some definitions and theories about Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior. This included the definition of the Image product, the process of identification, congruity and incongruity, but also some self-concept measurements practices.
Chapter 14 Cross Cultural Consumer Behavior
The document discusses cross-cultural consumer behavior from an international perspective. It covers several topics including the imperative for companies to be multinational, cross-cultural consumer analysis, and alternative multinational marketing strategies. Some key points are that marketers must understand similarities and differences between cultures, there is a growing global middle class and teenage market, and companies can use standardized or localized marketing approaches depending on the product and culture.
Consumer attitude towards consumer behaviour
Attitude, nature of attitude, factors of attitude, consumer attitude, components of attitude, structural models of attitude, issues in formation of attitude, conclusion
Chapter 2 Consumer Research
This document provides an overview of quantitative and qualitative consumer research methods. It discusses developing research objectives, types of secondary and primary data collection. Quantitative methods covered include surveys, experiments, and observational research. Qualitative methods discussed include depth interviews, focus groups, projective techniques, and metaphor analysis. The document also addresses research validity and reliability, questionnaire design, sampling, and reporting findings. The overall content provides a comprehensive introduction to the consumer research process.
Keller sbm3 09
The document discusses qualitative and quantitative techniques for measuring sources of brand equity and capturing customer mindsets. It describes methods like free association, projective techniques, the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET), and experiential research. Quantitative measures include awareness, image, brand responses, and brand relationships. Comprehensive models of customer-based brand equity are also covered, including the Brand Dynamics model, Equity Engines, and Young & Rubicam's Brand Asset Valuator (BAV).
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
Motivation is an inner psychological force that activates and directs behavior toward goals. It stems from needs and wants and is influenced by individual traits and learning. Highly motivated employees tend to work more efficiently and be more productive.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that people are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization needs in that order. ERG theory is an alternative that groups these needs into existence, relatedness and growth. McClelland's needs theory identifies the needs for power, affiliation and achievement as key motivators. Expectancy theory and equity theory are process-based theories that explain how motivation occurs based on desired outcomes and perceptions of fair treatment.
Communication and Consumer Behavior
This document outlines key concepts in communication and consumer behavior including:
- The basic communication model involves a message initiator, sender, receiver, medium, message, target audience, and feedback.
- Source credibility is important, and comes from informal sources like word of mouth, formal sources like companies, and spokespeople/endorsers.
- When designing persuasive communications, marketers must consider objectives, target audiences through segmentation, and message strategies involving framing, comparisons, and order effects.
- Different media like magazines and television each have strengths and limitations for delivering marketing messages. Emotional appeals and humor can also impact message effectiveness depending on the audience and product.
BB Chapter Eight: Perception
This chapter discusses consumer perception and the processes that occur within an individual when receiving marketing messages. It covers the three main phases of perception: sensing, organizing, and reacting to stimuli. Attention and interpretation are influenced by characteristics of the stimulus, the individual, and the situation. The chapter also examines exposure, attention, and interpretation in detail, outlining key factors that influence each step of information processing for consumer decision making.
What's hot (20)
Chapter 1 Consumer Behavior Its Origins And Strategic Applications
Chapter 1 Consumer Behavior Its Origins And Strategic Applications
Chapter 12 Influence Of Culture On Consumer Behavior
Chapter 12 Influence Of Culture On Consumer Behavior
Viewers also liked
Consumer perception 05
This document discusses consumer perception and the process by which consumers select and organize stimuli to make sense of the world. It describes perception as involving more than just sensing something, but assigning meaning to it. The key aspects of consumer perception discussed are exposure to information, attention, and perceived risk. Exposure deals with consumers initially noticing marketing stimuli, while attention refers to how much processing capacity they allocate to a stimulus. Perceived risk involves consumers' assessment of potential consequences of a purchase or service.
Consumer perception
Perceptual mapping is a marketing research technique that visually plots consumer perceptions of a product or brand relative to competitors based on factors like quality, price, and performance. Marketers use perceptual maps to identify positioning strategies for products by seeing how consumers view them in relation to other options. A basic perceptual map will plot brands on a chart using two dimensions, like price and quality, to understand where a new product could be launched to fill gaps.
Consumer Behavior Audit
The document is a consumer behavior audit of the LPGA Tour conducted by Bears United. It analyzes the LPGA's fans, sponsors, and athletes. For fans, it finds that the core demographic is older and financially well-off. It recommends targeting women under 35 and their families by promoting the Girls Golf program to make golf more affordable and accessible. It also finds that the LPGA lacks television viewership and social media followers compared to the PGA Tour. It suggests the LPGA improve its social media presence, especially on platforms popular with women, to grow its fan base.
Consumer perception by 404,405
Perception is Reality by Louis Cheskin discusses consumer perception. It defines perception as how people interpret sensory impressions to understand the world. Selective perception is how consumers notice what aligns with their beliefs and ignore other information. Factors like attitudes, preferences, and conditioning influence what people perceive. Marketers must understand these factors and how perception shapes consumer behavior.
Consumer perception
PERCEPTION
The process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture of the world.
Dynamics of Perception
Elements of Perception
Ch. 6 & ch.7 of consumer behaviour
This document provides an overview of consumer perception and learning. It discusses the dynamics of perception including sensation, thresholds, and subliminal perception. The elements of perception like selection, organization, and interpretation are also covered. Consumer imagery and positioning are explained. Regarding consumer learning, the summary discusses behavioral learning theories like classical and instrumental conditioning as well as cognitive learning theory. It also outlines measures of consumer learning like recognition, recall, and brand loyalty.
Consumer Perception
Perception involves selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information. Sensation is the immediate response to stimuli, while perception adds interpretation. Selective perception means we notice some things more than others based on internal factors like motivation and external ones like size and motion. Gestalt principles of perceptual organization include figure/ground, grouping, closure, and good continuation. Perceptual interpretation involves applying stereotypes, judging appearances, using descriptive terms, forming first impressions, and halo effects. Positioning creates an image for a product or service in consumers' minds through communications and benefits rather than attributes. Repositioning may be needed due to competitors, lifestyle changes, or target segments.
Consumer behavior audit
The consumer behavior audit is a fundamental part of the marketing planning process that considers internal and external influences. It is conducted at the beginning and during implementation to allow alterations if needed. Tools like SWOT, PEST, and Five Forces analyses examine the internal and external environments. A review of the current marketing situation looks at the internal marketing environment, external environment, and current marketing plan to clarify opportunities and threats.
20 Interesting Things: QR Codes
This is the fifth deck in our summer series 20 Interesting Things. It takes a quick look at what is happening in the Crowdsourcing space from both a marketing and general use perspective. Look for our other decks on Foursquare, Augmented Reality, Crowdsourcing and Goodness.
Information processing
Information processing theory focuses on internal mental processes like how the mind takes in, processes, stores, and retrieves information. There are three main stages: sensory memory, working (short-term) memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory briefly takes in stimuli while working memory holds around 5-9 chunks of data and loses information within 5-20 seconds if not used. Long-term memory stores both explicit knowledge we are consciously aware of and implicit knowledge like routines. Memories are stored through network and schema theories and can be forgotten through encoding failure, storage decay, or retrieval failure. Individual differences exist in how age, gender, and strategies affect information processing. Teachers can help learning by planning for attention, keeping students engaged
Information Processing Model and its implications in learning and teaching
The document discusses the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory. It proposes that human memory consists of three main stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Information enters through the senses and is held briefly in sensory memory. It then transfers to short-term memory if attention is paid. Information in short-term memory can be transferred to long-term memory through rehearsal. Long-term memory has a virtually unlimited capacity and duration. Comprehension strategies like SQ3R and PQ4R can help improve reading comprehension and transfer information to long-term memory.
Information processing
This document discusses information processing theory and how it explains how stimuli entering memory are selected, organized, stored, and retrieved from memory. It describes the three main components of memory: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. It then discusses concepts like cognitive load, chunking, dual coding theory, encoding, retrieval, and interference which influence how information is processed and stored in our memory systems. Interactive diagrams, categorization, meaningful examples and hands-on activities are recommended for optimizing encoding and retrieval from long-term memory.
Viewers also liked (12)
Information Processing Model and its implications in learning and teaching
Information Processing Model and its implications in learning and teaching
Similar to Consumer perception
Consumer Perception
1) The document discusses key concepts related to consumer perception including sensation, thresholds, subliminal perception, selection, organization, and interpretation.
2) It explains that perception is the process by which individuals select, organize and interpret stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world.
3) Sensation is the immediate response of the senses to stimuli, while thresholds refer to the minimum levels at which stimuli can be detected either absolutely or in relation to other stimuli.
Chapter 3 theoritical framework
Perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information to understand one's environment. Perception involves both bottom-up processing of sensory input and top-down processing influenced by memory, learning, and expectations. While perception seems effortless, it is actually a complex process involving the nervous system. Customer perception is influenced by their actual experiences with products and services as well as interactions with companies and other factors. Understanding customer perception is important for building customer loyalty and gaining competitive advantage in today's business environment.
Consumer Behavior
The document discusses key concepts in understanding consumer behavior, including perception, learning, personality, and social factors. It covers topics like the aspects of perception (selection, organization, interpretation), theories of learning (classical and instrumental conditioning), personality theories (Freudian, trait theory), and variables that influence consumer behavior (innovativeness, dogmatism, need for uniqueness, compulsive consumption). The goal of understanding consumer behavior is to better satisfy consumer needs and influence behaviors through effective marketing strategies.
Exposure, Attention and Interpretation -Consumer Behavior
Exposure, Attention and Interpretation -Consumer Behavior
Exposure provides consumers with the opportunity to pay attention to available information but in no way guarantees it.
Exposure
Kinds of Exposure
Examples of exposure
Attention
Kinds of Attention
Examples of Attention
Interpretation
Kinds of Interpretation
Examples of Interpretation
Consumer perception (1)
Consumer perception is the process by which individuals select, organize and interpret stimuli to form a meaningful understanding of the world. It is highly individualized based on each person's needs, values and expectations. Marketers must understand the elements of perception like sensation, thresholds, selection, organization and interpretation in order to effectively position products and services according to how consumers will perceive them. Positioning involves creating distinct images for products/services that meet consumer needs and fill gaps left by competitors.
Perception
Perception is how individuals gather, process, and interpret information from the environment through their senses. There are several key elements of perception, including sensation, thresholds, and subliminal perception. Marketers must understand perception and its role in how consumers select, organize, and interpret marketing stimuli. Proper use of techniques like positioning, perceptual mapping, and understanding risk perception can help marketers effectively target consumers.
Perception
Perception is defined as how individuals select, organize, and interpret stimuli from their environment. There are several key elements of perception, including sensation, absolute threshold, and differential threshold. Sensation is the immediate response of sensory organs to stimuli, while absolute threshold is the lowest level at which a stimulus can be detected. Differential threshold refers to the minimum difference between two stimuli that can be detected. Perception results from both physical stimuli and an individual's own inputs, and involves processes like selection, organization, and interpretation.
Factors infuencing consumer behaviour
This document discusses factors that influence consumer behavior, including economic, psychological, and sociological determinants. It also discusses approaches to analyzing customers, including behavioral analysis of buying criteria and purchase patterns, as well as demographic profiling. The key points are that economic factors like income and credit availability impact spending, psychological factors like motivation, perception and attitudes shape preferences, and social influences from family, culture and class also guide consumer decisions. Effective customer analysis identifies needs, buying criteria, spending patterns and demographic segments to develop targeted marketing strategies.
Cb perception motivation-attitude-learning
Cb perception motivation-attitude-learningPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Riyadh Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The document discusses various topics related to consumer behavior, including consumer perception, factors influencing perception, consumer motivation, personality theories, attitude formation and change, learning, involvement, and social influences. It provides definitions and explanations of key concepts such as perception, stimuli, sensation, exposure, attention, interpretation, and factors affecting perception like intensity, position, contrast, novelty, repetition, and movement.Session # 2 Chapter 3.ppt
The document discusses various aspects of consumer information processing and perception. It describes how consumers are exposed to information, attend to it, comprehend it, and store it in memory. It discusses the stages of perception (exposure, attention, comprehension) and how factors like involvement and memory influence information processing. It also covers sensory thresholds, adaptation, attention grabbing techniques, and principles of perceptual organization during the comprehension stage.
Mba Essay Service - The Writing Center.. Online assignment writing service.
The document discusses the Elizabethan era in England from 1558 to 1603 during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. It was a golden age of English history marked by developments in English literature, poetry, theater and expansion abroad. Domestically, the Protestant Reformation was established. The era saw works by playwrights like Shakespeare and is viewed as a high point between the preceding and following periods due to England's successes against foreign threats like the Spanish Armada in 1588.
Consumer perception
This document discusses perception and its elements. Perception is described as how people interpret sensory impressions to form a view of the world. It is based on incomplete information but guides behavior. Perception in marketing refers to how consumers identify, organize, and interpret information to create meaning. The elements of perception discussed include sensation, absolute and differential thresholds, and subliminal perception.
Cb 2.2
Introduction to Consumer Behaviour; Consumer Behaviour
and Marketing Strategy; Consumer Involvement – Levels
of involvement, and Decision Making.
Consumer Decision Process – Stages in Decision Process,
Information Search Process; Evaluative Criteria and
Decision Rules, Consumer Motivation – Types of Consumer
Needs, Ways of Motivating Consumers. Information
Processing and Consumer Perception.
Consumer Attitudes and Attitude Change; Influence of
Personality and Self Concept on Buying Behaviour,
Psychographics and Lifestyles, Impuse Buying.
Diffusion of Innovation and Opinion Leadership, Family
Decision Making, Influence of Reference Group
Industrial Buying Behaviour– Process and factors, Models
of Consumer Behaviour – Harward Seth, Nicosia, E& D,
Economic Model; Introduction to Consumer Behaviour
Audit; Consumer Behaviour Studies in India.
Perception 120918024010-phpapp01
The document discusses various concepts related to perception, including:
1) The key elements of perception - sensation, selective attention, organization and interpretation. It also discusses thresholds, adaptation and factors influencing selection.
2) Concepts that influence perception like stereotypes, physical appearances, positioning and imagery.
3) Risk perception and how marketers can address it through reassurance, store image and branding.
4) The importance of positioning products through benefits, country of origin, and adapting positioning over time.
Sorav
The document discusses key concepts around consumer exposure, attention, and perception. It explains that exposure means consumers see an ad, attention means they look at the message, and perception means they understand it. Attention is selective, divisible, and limited. Perception occurs through the senses as stimuli are registered. The document also differentiates between high and low involvement products based on risk to consumers, noting high involvement for major purchases like homes and low involvement for small items like soap. Finally, it provides examples of encouraging attention for ads, appealing to values for high involvement homes and using attractive models and music for low involvement soap.
Perception
This document discusses factors that influence consumer perception and attention. It covers the following key points in 3 sentences:
Consumer perception is shaped by both internal factors like values and family as well as external factors like culture, social roles, and advertising. Attention requires allocating limited mental resources and is determined by stimulus characteristics, individual traits like motivation and ability, and situational factors such as environmental clutter. Perception involves assigning meaning to information through both cognitive and affective processes, and attention can occur deliberately through focus or incidentally through peripheral exposure.
12 practical business lessons
This document summarizes 12 practical business lessons from social psychology research. It discusses concepts like the foot-in-the-door phenomenon, where agreeing to a small request makes one more likely to agree to a larger request later. It also covers the door-in-the-face technique, where an unreasonable initial request makes a subsequent, reasonable request seem smaller by comparison. Finally, it discusses factors like primacy and recency effects in recall, cognitive dissonance in changing attitudes to match behaviors, and the importance of perceived expertise and trustworthiness when persuading others.
Group influences
This document discusses various external and internal influences on consumer behavior. It covers topics such as culture, demographics, social groups, reference groups, personality, perception, learning, and group influences. Specifically, it describes how reference groups can influence consumers through informational and normative influence. It also discusses diffusion of innovations and how different types of consumers adopt innovations at different stages.
Comparison Contrast Essay Two Cities. Online assignment writing service.
This document provides instructions for using the HelpWriting.net service to request paper writing help. It outlines a 5-step process:
1. Create an account with a password and email.
2. Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline.
3. Choose a writer bid based on qualifications, history, and feedback. Place a deposit to start the assignment.
4. Review the completed paper and authorize final payment if satisfied. Free revisions are provided.
5. Multiple revisions can be requested to ensure satisfaction. Plagiarized work results in a full refund. The service aims to fully meet customer needs.
Similar to Consumer perception (20)
Exposure, Attention and Interpretation -Consumer Behavior
Exposure, Attention and Interpretation -Consumer Behavior
Mba Essay Service - The Writing Center.. Online assignment writing service.
Mba Essay Service - The Writing Center.. Online assignment writing service.
Comparison Contrast Essay Two Cities. Online assignment writing service.
Comparison Contrast Essay Two Cities. Online assignment writing service.
More from determinant342
BP (BEYOND PETROLEUM) FOCUSES ON SUSTAINABILITY
BP (formerly British Petroleum) has experienced controversies over its business practices and environmental damage. However, it has attempted to improve its sustainability and image. It invested in renewable energy like wind and solar power. It also published an extensive code of conduct for employees and invested in raising environmental awareness. While it still relies on oil, BP's efforts aim to transition to cleaner energy and prevent future misconduct.
Personal skills development
The document discusses the importance of personal and team skills development. It states that companies are becoming more competitive, so technical training and skills like communication are essential for staff to develop competition abilities and get promotions. It emphasizes that individualism is less important today and team skills that work effectively and efficiently are demanded. It outlines characteristics of high performance like clear purpose, empowerment, relationships, flexibility and optimal performance. It then discusses various personal and team skills in more detail like setting aims, active listening, reviewing and feedback, and working systematically. The conclusion is that every field now requires both individual and team skills as competition has increased, and those who compete and improve skills will survive.
Excel
The document discusses the major components of the Excel window and how to navigate and work with Excel spreadsheets. It describes key Excel concepts like workbooks, worksheets, cells, formulas, and charts. It also provides instructions for common Excel tasks like entering data, selecting ranges, inserting and deleting rows/columns, moving cells, printing, and using the Chart Wizard to create graphs.
Database
The document provides an overview of database basics. It defines a database as an organized collection of data, and gives examples like phone books, airline reservation systems, and computer hard drive files. It distinguishes between data, which are raw facts and figures, and information, which is data organized and communicated meaningfully. The document outlines the components of a database, including tables, records, and fields. It describes one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships between tables. It also covers database management systems, models, and some basic SQL statements for creating, inserting, updating, selecting, and deleting records in a database table.
Contingent and Quasi contract
This document discusses different types of contracts in Pakistani law, including contingent contracts, quasi-contracts, and wagering agreements. It defines contingent contracts as those whose performance depends on an uncertain future event. Quasi-contracts are obligations imposed by law even without an agreement between the parties. The key differences between contingent contracts and wagering agreements are that wagers are void agreements based solely on chance, while contingent contracts can be valid and involve other interests. The document provides examples and rules regarding different types of contingent contracts and quasi-contractual obligations.
Comm. and data communication
Communication involves a sender encoding a message and sending it through a medium to a receiver. It requires a sender, receiver, message, and medium. Common mediums include twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optics, radio waves, infrared, microwaves, and satellites. Twisted pair is commonly used for analog and digital transmission over short distances. Coaxial cable and fiber optics can transmit over longer distances due to better shielding and bandwidth. Wireless technologies like radio, infrared, and microwaves are used for line-of-sight transmission without cables. Satellites are used when direct transmission is not possible due to obstacles like the curvature of the Earth.
Business plan fastrack
This marketing plan is presented by five students for Fastrack watches. It introduces Fastrack and their sport and night watch products. The objectives are to become the number one brand in Pakistan with a 20% market share in major cities through moderate pricing and a 55% gross margin. Keys to success include quality products, customer satisfaction, and building brand image. The plan describes the target market, competitors, strategies for segmentation, targeting, positioning, and differentiation. It analyzes the political, economic, social, and technological environment. SWOT and Porter's five forces are examined. The 4Ps of marketing are discussed along with strategies for pricing, placement, promotion, and measuring results.
Super Energy Chips
This was the major project of my 6th semester under the supervision of Sir Farooq Ahmed. We really learned alot during this project as it was totally real life project.
Tracking chips
This presentation is about tracking chips. All rights of this presentation is reserved under Pakistan penal code 198/342c with IIUI.
IIUI watrer management
this presentation is about university water management specifically International Islamic university.
sharing its on behalf of Friend
Cadbury dairy milk
This document provides information about a company that produces chocolate products in Pakistan. It includes the company's vision to create beloved brands, the mission of a new product to provide tempting taste, and popular brands like chocolate, beverages and candy. It then describes the company's chocolate bar product and provides pricing for various sizes. The company is headquartered in Karachi and has sales offices in other major cities. It promotes products with slogans and uses packaging design from different decades. The document performs a SWOT analysis and identifies competitors. It discusses responses to price reductions and increases in oil prices. It proposes providing chocolate to flood affectees.
Expansion of Business in Nepal
This presentation is about expansion of pharmaceutical industry in Nepal.
while the company have a headquarter in Switzerland and operating in more than 150 countries
Education system in pakistan
Pakistan's education system faces several issues including a lack of properly trained teachers, outdated curriculums, and political interference. Only 30% of students who enroll in primary school reach matriculation exams. There are different types of education systems in Pakistan such as the Cambridge/Oxford system, the Pakistani secondary system, and madrassah system, but the overall purpose and approach is unclear.
Company meetings
Company Meetings
Outline
Kinds of company meetings
Statutory report
Meetings of board of directors
Procedure and conduct at general meetings
Company resolutions
Legal conditions of various forms of business organizations
KINDS OF COMPANY MEETINGS
Statutory meeting
Annual general meeting
Extra-ordinary general meeting
Statutory Meetings (Section 157)
First meeting of the members of a public limited company. It is held only once
It is held by every public limited company
limited by shares
limited by guarantee and
private company converted into a public company
Shall be held within a period of not less than 3 months nor more than 6 months
How meeting is convened ?
Annual General Meeting (Section 158)
Every company shall hold a general public meeting of its members every year
Notice of meeting
Place of meeting
Business to be conducted
Consideration and adaptation of the audited annual accounts of company
Declaration of dividends
The election of directors
Appointment of directors
Extra-Ordinary General Meeting (section 159)
“All general meetings other than annual
general meeting and statutory
meeting shall be called
extra-ordinary general meeting”
How the meeting is called?
What should be the purpose
of meeting?
Statutory Report (section 153(3))
Report which is sent by the Board of Directors to all members
Report shall be circulated 21 days before the statutory meeting
The statutory report shall be certified by not less than three directors
One of whom shall be the chief executive of company
Contents of Statutory Report
Brief account of the state of company’s affairs
Total number of shares allotted
Total amount of cash received
Names, address and occupation of directors
Particulars of contract and modification
Extent to which underwriting contacts have been carried out
MEETING OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Three ways for carrying out affairs of company by directors
Telephonic conversation
Circular resolution
Board meetings
In board meetings board should explain
Notice of board meeting
Restriction on power of directors
Quorum for board meeting
Minutes of board meetings
Procedure and Conduct at General Meetings
The procedure of holding of general meeting is usually described in the articles of a company.
Company ordinance section 160 provisions related to conduct of company meetings:
Notice of meeting Conduct of business
Quorum Voting and poll
Chairman Voting by proxies
Adjournment of meeting Minutes of meeting
resolutions
Company Resolution
“An item is put before the members of a company in the form of a proposal if it is approved by majority it becomes a resolution”
Types of company resolution
Ordinary resolution
Special resolution
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals and businesses, rather than the state, have control over trade, industry, and profits. It is based on the philosophy of laissez-faire, where the government does not intervene in private business as long as equal rights are respected. Adam Smith was a key advocate for capitalism and argued in his book The Wealth of Nations that self-interest and competition can lead to economic prosperity. While capitalism can be successful if citizens make good choices, it also has disadvantages like economic inequality, greed, unfair advantages, exploitation of labor, and monopoly behavior.
Comparative advantage of switzerland
Switzerland has comparative advantages in several industries such as pharmaceuticals, watches, chocolate, banking, and hospitality. The pharmaceutical industry contributes significantly to Switzerland's GDP and exports, employing over 135,000 people. Key factors contributing to Switzerland's comparative advantage in pharmaceuticals include strong research and development spending, a highly skilled workforce, and strong supporting industries such as medical devices and chemicals. Switzerland's pharmaceutical companies benefit from these factor conditions to develop innovative new drugs and export over 95% of their production globally.
Economic zones
This document lists the names and student IDs of 3 group members - Arslan Ahmed, Bilawal Zafar, and Hassan Riaz - who are studying FMS/BBA at the university. It also mentions the topic of the group project is "Economic Zones".
More from determinant342 (17)
Recently uploaded
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
NIPER 2024 MEMORY BASED QUESTIONS.ANSWERS TO NIPER 2024 QUESTIONS.NIPER JEE 2...
NIPER JEE PYQ
NIPER JEE QUESTIONS
MOST FREQUENTLY ASK QUESTIONS
NIPER MEMORY BASED QUWSTIONS
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
Benner "Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers"
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Accounting for Restricted Grants When and How To Record Properly
In this webinar, member learned how to stay in compliance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for restricted grants.
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
This slide will guide us through the process of predicting vendor bill products based on previous purchases from the vendor in Odoo 17.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف أحرف الخلاف للقراء العشرةأعد أحرف الخلاف بالتلوين وصلا سمير بسيوني غفر الله له
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
Recently uploaded (20)
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
NIPER 2024 MEMORY BASED QUESTIONS.ANSWERS TO NIPER 2024 QUESTIONS.NIPER JEE 2...
NIPER 2024 MEMORY BASED QUESTIONS.ANSWERS TO NIPER 2024 QUESTIONS.NIPER JEE 2...
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Accounting for Restricted Grants When and How To Record Properly
Accounting for Restricted Grants When and How To Record Properly
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Consumer perception
- 4. Perception: Process via which consumers select and organize stimuli, so as to provide themselves with a meaningful and coherent view of the world More than sensing something Assigning meaning and incorporating it into their world Part of the “Information Processing” process
- 5. Sensation Absolute threshold Differential threshold Subliminal perception
- 6. Sensation The immediate and direct response of the sensory organs to stimuli. A perfectly unchanging environment provides little to no sensation at all!
- 7. Absolute threshold: Absolute threshold is the lowest intensity at which a stimulus can be detected 50% of the time. The absolute threshold can be influenced by several different factors, such as the subject's motivations and expectations, cognitive processes, and whether the subject is adapted to the stimulus.
- 8. Differential Threshold: The ability of a sensory system to detect changes or differences between two stimuli Minimum difference between two stimuli is the j.n.d. (just noticeable difference) Example: packaging updates must be subtle enough over time to keep current customers
- 9. Subliminal Perception: Perception of very weak or rapid stimuli received below the level of conscious awareness. Is Subliminal Persuasion Effective? Extensive research has shown no evidence that subliminal advertising can cause behavior changes Some evidence that subliminal stimuli may influence affective reactions
- 11. We receive external stimuli through our five senses
- 12. Factors influence our perception. Exposure Attention Interpretation
- 13. Exposure: Exposure involves the extent to which we encounter a stimulus. We are exposed to numerous commercial messages while driving on freeway. Example, Bill boards Radio Advertisement
- 14. Attention: Attention is actually a matter of degree Our attention may be quite high when we read directions for getting an income tax refund, but low when commercials come on during a television program. Example : If an advertisement for a product in which we are interested comes on.
- 15. Interpretation: Interpretation involves making sense out of the stimulus. Example: when we see a red can, we may recognize it is a “Coke” and blue can for “Pepsi”.
- 17. Weber’s Law Ability to note a change in a stimulus, depends on its initial level Example: $500 increase in the price of a car $500 increase in the price of a personal computer P (notice a stimulus change) = Change in stimulus /Initial level of stimulus
- 18. Closure: Individual tend to express their need closure by organizing their perception so that form a complete picture. Example: circle or Arc? show piece or Two faces?
- 20. Relevance: One of obvious issue is relevance, consumer when they have choice , are also more likely to attend to stimuli relevant to them.
- 21. Repetition: Consumer often do not give much attention to stimuli, if it seen over and over again. The cumulative impact will be greater here. Surprising stimuli: Are likely to get more attention . Greater contrast: Difference between the stimulus and its surroundings. Greater prominence: Greater size center placement.
- 22. Make perceptual selection work in your favour. Increase accidental exposure Draw attention to your ad using contrast and other principles Find creative ways to reduce blocking
- 23. Ensure that consumers organize and interpret messages correctly Develop suitable consumer imagery Find ways to reduce perceived risk
- 24. Satisfaction-based Pricing Relationship Pricing Efficiency Pricing
- 25. Reference prices: Internal External Tensile and objective price claims
- 26. Evaluations least favorable for ads stating the minimum discount level Ads stating maximum discount levels are better than stating a range
- 27. Perceived Quality of Products Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Cues Perceived Quality of Services Price/Quality Relationship
- 28. The perception of price as an indicator of product quality (e.g., the higher the price, the higher the perceived quality of the product).
- 30. Functional Risk Physical Risk Financial Risk Psychological Risk Time Risk
- 31. Functional risk: Product will not perform as expected. Physical risk: Risk to self and others ...... Like use of cell phone. Financial risk: The product will not be worth its cost.
- 32. Social risk: Poor product choice may result in social embarrassment . Time risk: Time spent in product search may be wasted if the product does not perform as expected.
- 33. Seek Information Stay Brand Loyal Select by Brand Image Rely on Store Image Buy the Most Expensive Model Seek Reassurance
- 34. Ads for children; ban on TV ads containing cartoons character promoting products during children shows in which they themselves appear (misperceived by kids to be part of the show) Thirty minute infomercials misperceived as documentaries
- 37. Example Red colour is perceived as sign of danger and sorrow in chinese culture While in our culture Red colour is perceived as sign of Love, Glamour & Attraction