This presentation is about expansion of pharmaceutical industry in Nepal.
while the company have a headquarter in Switzerland and operating in more than 150 countries
- The document summarizes Saudi Arabia's fiscal years 2013 and 2014. It outlines that the 2014 national budget projects balanced revenues and expenditures of SR 855 billion, focusing on infrastructure, education, health, and other services.
- Key highlights from 2013 include a budget surplus of SR 206 billion and reduced public debt. Oil revenues account for 90% of Saudi income but are projected to decline 25% in 2014.
- The economy grew slowly at 3.8% in 2013, with the non-oil private sector maintaining stronger growth, while the oil sector contracted due to lower oil prices and production.
The document is a report by the Economic Commission for Africa and the African Union Commission titled "Governing development in Africa - the role of the state in economic transformation". It examines the role of the state in promoting economic transformation in Africa. The report finds that while some African states have pursued policies to transform their economies, overall progress has been limited. It argues that African countries need to develop "developmental states" capable of planning and implementing long-term development strategies. The report provides recommendations for how African states can enhance their role in economic transformation by strengthening institutions, implementing focused industrial policies, and investing in areas like research and social policy.
Ghana has a population of over 51 million people concentrated in major cities like Accra and Kumasi. Its economy has grown in recent years due to increased oil production, but it still faces challenges like high unemployment and a reliance on commodities. Ghana has a growing services industry including outsourcing and sees potential in gold mining. While the political system is stable, national issues like poverty, healthcare and education require ongoing attention to support further economic development.
Uneca economic report on africa governing development in africa the role of...Dr Lendy Spires
The document summarizes the 2011 Economic Report on Africa, which examines the role of the state in economic transformation in Africa. It discusses key topics such as economic and social conditions in Africa in 2010, current development challenges including international trade and financing, and the need for African countries to develop "developmental states" to promote economic diversification and growth. The report was a joint publication of the UN Economic Commission for Africa and the African Union Commission.
Thailand is a constitutional monarchy headed by King Rama X. The economy relies heavily on international trade, with key exports including vehicles, electronics, and rubber. The population is diverse and predominantly Buddhist. Traditional Thai culture is expressed through dances, martial arts like Muay Thai, and cuisine such as tom yum soup. The government promotes science and technology research to support economic growth while addressing environmental challenges like pollution and climate change impacts.
Switzerland has a stable three-level government system consisting of federal, cantonal, and communal levels. It has a modern economy focused on services and industry with a very high GDP per capita and low unemployment and inflation rates. The population is highly educated with four official languages and a mix of religious groups. Switzerland invests heavily in research and development and has a dense rail network and internet usage.
- The document summarizes Saudi Arabia's fiscal years 2013 and 2014. It outlines that the 2014 national budget projects balanced revenues and expenditures of SR 855 billion, focusing on infrastructure, education, health, and other services.
- Key highlights from 2013 include a budget surplus of SR 206 billion and reduced public debt. Oil revenues account for 90% of Saudi income but are projected to decline 25% in 2014.
- The economy grew slowly at 3.8% in 2013, with the non-oil private sector maintaining stronger growth, while the oil sector contracted due to lower oil prices and production.
The document is a report by the Economic Commission for Africa and the African Union Commission titled "Governing development in Africa - the role of the state in economic transformation". It examines the role of the state in promoting economic transformation in Africa. The report finds that while some African states have pursued policies to transform their economies, overall progress has been limited. It argues that African countries need to develop "developmental states" capable of planning and implementing long-term development strategies. The report provides recommendations for how African states can enhance their role in economic transformation by strengthening institutions, implementing focused industrial policies, and investing in areas like research and social policy.
Ghana has a population of over 51 million people concentrated in major cities like Accra and Kumasi. Its economy has grown in recent years due to increased oil production, but it still faces challenges like high unemployment and a reliance on commodities. Ghana has a growing services industry including outsourcing and sees potential in gold mining. While the political system is stable, national issues like poverty, healthcare and education require ongoing attention to support further economic development.
Uneca economic report on africa governing development in africa the role of...Dr Lendy Spires
The document summarizes the 2011 Economic Report on Africa, which examines the role of the state in economic transformation in Africa. It discusses key topics such as economic and social conditions in Africa in 2010, current development challenges including international trade and financing, and the need for African countries to develop "developmental states" to promote economic diversification and growth. The report was a joint publication of the UN Economic Commission for Africa and the African Union Commission.
Thailand is a constitutional monarchy headed by King Rama X. The economy relies heavily on international trade, with key exports including vehicles, electronics, and rubber. The population is diverse and predominantly Buddhist. Traditional Thai culture is expressed through dances, martial arts like Muay Thai, and cuisine such as tom yum soup. The government promotes science and technology research to support economic growth while addressing environmental challenges like pollution and climate change impacts.
Switzerland has a stable three-level government system consisting of federal, cantonal, and communal levels. It has a modern economy focused on services and industry with a very high GDP per capita and low unemployment and inflation rates. The population is highly educated with four official languages and a mix of religious groups. Switzerland invests heavily in research and development and has a dense rail network and internet usage.
It gives me a pleasure to present the summary of India Budget Synthesis 2014.
While you may already have the snapshot, here is a document which will not only give you crisp highlights, but would also decode the impact of Budget 2014 on You, Your Company and Your Sector.
Hope you find this analysis useful in taking clearer business decisions and align your company's strategy with the overall economic climate in the balance part of financial year 2014-15.
Would love to hear your feedback on the usefulness of the same.
The Pakistani economy achieved 4.2% growth in 2014-15, the highest since 2008-09, despite floods, protests, and declining commodity prices. Per capita income was $1,512 and unemployment was 6%. Inflation remained under 10% due to effective monetary policy. The services and industrial sectors grew 4.95% and 3.62% respectively. The trade deficit was $17 billion with exports of $26.9 billion and imports of $44 billion. The budget deficit was 5% and tax revenues were expected to increase to 11.5% of GDP. China and Pakistan signed $45 billion in agreements and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor agreements were deemed "credit positive" by ratings agencies.
Tanzania has vast potential for economic growth but lacks sufficient infrastructure to realize this potential. The country's infrastructure, including transportation, power, water and sanitation, is in poor condition and constrains both domestic growth and foreign investment. While the government has made infrastructure development a top priority and progress has been made in some areas like ICT, Tanzania continues to face major challenges like underfunding of projects and inadequate maintenance. Improving infrastructure is key to supporting Tanzania's competitiveness and achieving more inclusive economic expansion.
This document provides an overview of India's economy, industries, foreign investment, trade, and strengths and weaknesses. It notes that India has a large agricultural sector focused on crops like wheat, rice and cotton. Manufacturing is led by textiles and chemicals, while services now contribute over half of GDP. India has experienced strong growth but remains a developing country with poverty and inequality issues. The government welcomes foreign investment and has created incentives. Key strengths include a large skilled workforce and consumer base, while weaknesses include corruption and infrastructure problems. India has become more open to international trade through trade agreements but faces a trade deficit.
This document outlines a 5-year strategic action plan for Rezayat Group of Companies to expand into the African market. The plan identifies several African countries for potential investment based on an analysis of their economies, including Ghana, Kenya, Senegal, Namibia, and South Africa. Specific industries are proposed for each country, such as power supply and housing in Ghana, hospitality and ICT in Kenya, public utilities in Senegal, financial services in Namibia, and transport and housing in South Africa. The strategic action plan is intended to be an integrated part of a broader strategic plan covering various business functions to guide investments in Africa starting in 2015.
The document summarizes budgets from Lesotho, Namibia, and Swaziland. Key points:
- Lesotho's budget projects government expenditure to increase 7.6% to M15.4 billion, with M10.4 billion for recurrent spending and M5 billion for capital projects. It aims to reduce reliance on volatile SACU revenue and improve the investment climate.
- Namibia's budget forecasts the deficit to narrow to 5.4% of GDP and GDP growth to average 5%. Government expenditure is set to rise 26.7% to N$60.28 billion, with 79.6% for operational costs.
- The budgets overall aim to diversify revenues amid uncertainty over
Manovega presents a logo and advertisement quiz with 20 multiple choice questions testing identification of company logos, slogans, and connections between brands. The quiz is designed for teams of 2 players to compete over identifying logos from industries like technology, entertainment, automotive, airlines, and consumer products.
The document contains 20 trivia questions about various topics including films, television shows, geography, sports, history, and more. The questions are multiple choice or require short answers and range from identifying exports from Cuba to naming the fastest recorded individual cricket score. The questions come from various quiz shows and general knowledge sources.
Doing Business in Nepal: Ground RealitiesSurath Giri
This paper looks at different business regulations and bureaucratic hurdles to doing business in Nepal in five sectors namely agriculture, education, hydropower, infrastructure and tourism and proposes necessary reforms to make the situation better.
Human Resource Management in Citizens Bank of NepalBijaya Manandhar
This power point slides are solely result of research by a group 6 students from Shanker Dev Campus pursing Masters in Business Management (MBM) as a part of our project work. This file includes HRM practices in context of one of leading A class bank of Nepal. It include about
1.Human Resource Plannning
2.Recruitment and Selection and Socialization
3. Trainings and Development
4.Performance Appraisal
5. Compensation policy.
... All above are based on context of single bank of Nepal . Thank You...
If you like this ...Please Like, Share and comment for feedback and keep in touch with me :)
The document is a business quiz with multiple choice questions covering various topics including cell phone companies, airlines, banks, logos, and CEOs. It contains over 50 questions testing knowledge about business, technology, and current events. The questions cover a wide range of industries and global companies.
This document provides information about various business people and entrepreneurs in Nepal:
- Ajit BARAL runs a publishing house and bookstore in Kathmandu.
- Rita Bhandari is a successful women entrepreneur who runs a handmade paper company and marketing cooperative.
- Amrit Tuladhar is the founder of online retail shop 'muncha.com' after working in the banking sector and watching his father's retail shop.
- Min Bahadur Gurung is the Chairman and Managing Director of Bhat-Bhateni Group, the leading supermarket chain in Nepal.
This document appears to be a quiz containing 20 multiple choice questions related to business, current events, and branding. The questions cover topics like prominent Indian businesspeople, mergers and acquisitions, economic policies, company slogans and logos. Each question is followed by 4 answer options with the correct answer highlighted in bold.
This document contains marketing quiz questions about brands and their slogans as well as celebrities associated with brands. It asks the reader to identify slogans for brands like McDonald's, Thums Up, and Nokia. It also asks the reader to name brands associated with celebrities like Ranbir Kapoor, Katrina Kaif, and M.S. Dhoni. The document tests the reader's knowledge of popular brand slogans and celebrity endorsements.
The document provides a business quiz with 15 multiple choice questions related to business topics. Some of the questions provide context and ask for a name, company, or term. For example, question 1 provides details about a company founded in 1952 and asks for the name of the company and its household product. Question 2 describes a Spanish brewing company founded in 1890 and asks for the French surname that became the flagship beer name. Other questions ask about economic concepts, companies like Goldman Sachs, and the world's most valuable company.
This document summarizes the structure and rounds of a quiz competition between teams called Quiztopia. It describes 5 rounds:
1) Round 1 on Indian history with questions having multiple choice cycles.
2) Round 2 on general knowledge with an "infinite bounce" format of open questions across 4 categories.
3) Round 3 identifies famous personalities from old photos.
4) Round 4 uses audio/video clips as questions in a buzzer format.
5) Round 5 presents sets of 3 clues for each question leading to a single answer in a "bit by bit" format.
Business Quiz - Direct qns & multiple choice questionsAmith hillshow
The document appears to be a quiz containing multiple choice and direct questions about various topics including business, technology, geography, and pop culture. It includes 20 multiple choice questions about topics like automobile companies, internet companies, political appointments, and books/authors. It also includes 13 direct response questions asking about companies, products, and other factual information. The quiz covers a wide range of trivia to test general knowledge.
Functions, Arithmetic and Geometric Progression, Matrix Aamir Zahoor
A function describes the relationship between variables where a change in one variable causes a change in the other. The independent variable is called the domain and the dependent variable is called the range. Functions can be explicit, where the dependent variable is directly defined in terms of the independent variable, or implicit, where the variables are mixed in the relationship. Functions can also be increasing or decreasing based on whether the dependent variable increases or decreases as the independent variable increases. Other types of functions include even functions, where f(-x)=f(x), odd functions where f(-x)=-f(x), and polynomial functions defined by a polynomial equation.
Business quiz.. More than 100 Questions with Answers...Aamir Zahoor
This document outlines the structure and questions for two elimination rounds of a quiz competition between 8 teams (Team A to Team H). The first round consists of 20 multiple choice questions with subjects ranging from science to history to cricket. The 2 lowest scoring teams would be eliminated. The second round has another 20 questions on topics like labor laws, economics, and current events. The lowest scoring team in this round would be eliminated. Both rounds aim to assess the teams and eliminate the two lowest performers based on their scores.
It gives me a pleasure to present the summary of India Budget Synthesis 2014.
While you may already have the snapshot, here is a document which will not only give you crisp highlights, but would also decode the impact of Budget 2014 on You, Your Company and Your Sector.
Hope you find this analysis useful in taking clearer business decisions and align your company's strategy with the overall economic climate in the balance part of financial year 2014-15.
Would love to hear your feedback on the usefulness of the same.
The Pakistani economy achieved 4.2% growth in 2014-15, the highest since 2008-09, despite floods, protests, and declining commodity prices. Per capita income was $1,512 and unemployment was 6%. Inflation remained under 10% due to effective monetary policy. The services and industrial sectors grew 4.95% and 3.62% respectively. The trade deficit was $17 billion with exports of $26.9 billion and imports of $44 billion. The budget deficit was 5% and tax revenues were expected to increase to 11.5% of GDP. China and Pakistan signed $45 billion in agreements and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor agreements were deemed "credit positive" by ratings agencies.
Tanzania has vast potential for economic growth but lacks sufficient infrastructure to realize this potential. The country's infrastructure, including transportation, power, water and sanitation, is in poor condition and constrains both domestic growth and foreign investment. While the government has made infrastructure development a top priority and progress has been made in some areas like ICT, Tanzania continues to face major challenges like underfunding of projects and inadequate maintenance. Improving infrastructure is key to supporting Tanzania's competitiveness and achieving more inclusive economic expansion.
This document provides an overview of India's economy, industries, foreign investment, trade, and strengths and weaknesses. It notes that India has a large agricultural sector focused on crops like wheat, rice and cotton. Manufacturing is led by textiles and chemicals, while services now contribute over half of GDP. India has experienced strong growth but remains a developing country with poverty and inequality issues. The government welcomes foreign investment and has created incentives. Key strengths include a large skilled workforce and consumer base, while weaknesses include corruption and infrastructure problems. India has become more open to international trade through trade agreements but faces a trade deficit.
This document outlines a 5-year strategic action plan for Rezayat Group of Companies to expand into the African market. The plan identifies several African countries for potential investment based on an analysis of their economies, including Ghana, Kenya, Senegal, Namibia, and South Africa. Specific industries are proposed for each country, such as power supply and housing in Ghana, hospitality and ICT in Kenya, public utilities in Senegal, financial services in Namibia, and transport and housing in South Africa. The strategic action plan is intended to be an integrated part of a broader strategic plan covering various business functions to guide investments in Africa starting in 2015.
The document summarizes budgets from Lesotho, Namibia, and Swaziland. Key points:
- Lesotho's budget projects government expenditure to increase 7.6% to M15.4 billion, with M10.4 billion for recurrent spending and M5 billion for capital projects. It aims to reduce reliance on volatile SACU revenue and improve the investment climate.
- Namibia's budget forecasts the deficit to narrow to 5.4% of GDP and GDP growth to average 5%. Government expenditure is set to rise 26.7% to N$60.28 billion, with 79.6% for operational costs.
- The budgets overall aim to diversify revenues amid uncertainty over
Manovega presents a logo and advertisement quiz with 20 multiple choice questions testing identification of company logos, slogans, and connections between brands. The quiz is designed for teams of 2 players to compete over identifying logos from industries like technology, entertainment, automotive, airlines, and consumer products.
The document contains 20 trivia questions about various topics including films, television shows, geography, sports, history, and more. The questions are multiple choice or require short answers and range from identifying exports from Cuba to naming the fastest recorded individual cricket score. The questions come from various quiz shows and general knowledge sources.
Doing Business in Nepal: Ground RealitiesSurath Giri
This paper looks at different business regulations and bureaucratic hurdles to doing business in Nepal in five sectors namely agriculture, education, hydropower, infrastructure and tourism and proposes necessary reforms to make the situation better.
Human Resource Management in Citizens Bank of NepalBijaya Manandhar
This power point slides are solely result of research by a group 6 students from Shanker Dev Campus pursing Masters in Business Management (MBM) as a part of our project work. This file includes HRM practices in context of one of leading A class bank of Nepal. It include about
1.Human Resource Plannning
2.Recruitment and Selection and Socialization
3. Trainings and Development
4.Performance Appraisal
5. Compensation policy.
... All above are based on context of single bank of Nepal . Thank You...
If you like this ...Please Like, Share and comment for feedback and keep in touch with me :)
The document is a business quiz with multiple choice questions covering various topics including cell phone companies, airlines, banks, logos, and CEOs. It contains over 50 questions testing knowledge about business, technology, and current events. The questions cover a wide range of industries and global companies.
This document provides information about various business people and entrepreneurs in Nepal:
- Ajit BARAL runs a publishing house and bookstore in Kathmandu.
- Rita Bhandari is a successful women entrepreneur who runs a handmade paper company and marketing cooperative.
- Amrit Tuladhar is the founder of online retail shop 'muncha.com' after working in the banking sector and watching his father's retail shop.
- Min Bahadur Gurung is the Chairman and Managing Director of Bhat-Bhateni Group, the leading supermarket chain in Nepal.
This document appears to be a quiz containing 20 multiple choice questions related to business, current events, and branding. The questions cover topics like prominent Indian businesspeople, mergers and acquisitions, economic policies, company slogans and logos. Each question is followed by 4 answer options with the correct answer highlighted in bold.
This document contains marketing quiz questions about brands and their slogans as well as celebrities associated with brands. It asks the reader to identify slogans for brands like McDonald's, Thums Up, and Nokia. It also asks the reader to name brands associated with celebrities like Ranbir Kapoor, Katrina Kaif, and M.S. Dhoni. The document tests the reader's knowledge of popular brand slogans and celebrity endorsements.
The document provides a business quiz with 15 multiple choice questions related to business topics. Some of the questions provide context and ask for a name, company, or term. For example, question 1 provides details about a company founded in 1952 and asks for the name of the company and its household product. Question 2 describes a Spanish brewing company founded in 1890 and asks for the French surname that became the flagship beer name. Other questions ask about economic concepts, companies like Goldman Sachs, and the world's most valuable company.
This document summarizes the structure and rounds of a quiz competition between teams called Quiztopia. It describes 5 rounds:
1) Round 1 on Indian history with questions having multiple choice cycles.
2) Round 2 on general knowledge with an "infinite bounce" format of open questions across 4 categories.
3) Round 3 identifies famous personalities from old photos.
4) Round 4 uses audio/video clips as questions in a buzzer format.
5) Round 5 presents sets of 3 clues for each question leading to a single answer in a "bit by bit" format.
Business Quiz - Direct qns & multiple choice questionsAmith hillshow
The document appears to be a quiz containing multiple choice and direct questions about various topics including business, technology, geography, and pop culture. It includes 20 multiple choice questions about topics like automobile companies, internet companies, political appointments, and books/authors. It also includes 13 direct response questions asking about companies, products, and other factual information. The quiz covers a wide range of trivia to test general knowledge.
Functions, Arithmetic and Geometric Progression, Matrix Aamir Zahoor
A function describes the relationship between variables where a change in one variable causes a change in the other. The independent variable is called the domain and the dependent variable is called the range. Functions can be explicit, where the dependent variable is directly defined in terms of the independent variable, or implicit, where the variables are mixed in the relationship. Functions can also be increasing or decreasing based on whether the dependent variable increases or decreases as the independent variable increases. Other types of functions include even functions, where f(-x)=f(x), odd functions where f(-x)=-f(x), and polynomial functions defined by a polynomial equation.
Business quiz.. More than 100 Questions with Answers...Aamir Zahoor
This document outlines the structure and questions for two elimination rounds of a quiz competition between 8 teams (Team A to Team H). The first round consists of 20 multiple choice questions with subjects ranging from science to history to cricket. The 2 lowest scoring teams would be eliminated. The second round has another 20 questions on topics like labor laws, economics, and current events. The lowest scoring team in this round would be eliminated. Both rounds aim to assess the teams and eliminate the two lowest performers based on their scores.
Marketing of hospital care and cure marketingarathy V
Marketing of hospital and cure marketing is a subject based presentation. It deals with an overview of healthcare, the market size of healthcare, Challenges in healthcare, service flower, the meaning of hospital, classification of hospitals etc.
The document provides an overview of the Australian economy, including its strong performance over the past decade driven by demand for commodities and ties with China. It notes that Australia has a stable, prosperous and competitive economy that has attracted global business, though it will need to adapt to challenges around demographic shifts, climate change and global economic changes.
Singapore has a trade-based economy that relies heavily on exports and international trade. The government takes a regulatory role and promotes free market principles and outward orientation to attract foreign investment and drive economic growth. While the manufacturing sector has declined with companies moving to countries like China, the services sector now comprises about two-thirds of GDP and is growing, especially in areas like financial services, business services, retail, and health services.
The document provides information on the pharmaceutical market and industry in Jordan. It notes that Jordan's pharmaceutical market size is close to $0.9 billion annually and the industry exports 80% of its production, mainly to other Arab countries. While medical equipment accounts for most imports, the local pharmaceutical manufacturing industry has been growing and consolidating. Major players in the domestic market include both multinational and local companies. The industry faces competition and a small local market but benefits from Jordan's strategic location and skilled workforce.
A. If you had the opportunity, what actions would you demand of the United Na...Jeffrey van Aart
The document discusses neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), which affect over 1.5 billion people worldwide but receive little research funding due to lack of profit incentive. The author would ask the UN Secretary General to create a global R&D fund for NTDs, contributed to by all UN member states proportionately to GDP. The fund would be controlled by WHO and require patent owners to invest in developing countries. This would foster worldwide health R&D cooperation to develop treatments for the diseases plaguing the global south.
India has an agriculture-based economy but is growing its manufacturing and services sectors, particularly in textiles, chemicals, software, and business services. The country experienced strong economic growth over the past decade but still faces challenges of poverty, inequality, and infrastructure weaknesses. It has pursued economic reforms and liberalization policies to attract foreign investment and trade to further develop its economy.
The document discusses healthcare in India and the need to operationalize the right to healthcare. It notes that healthcare access is poor, with large rural-urban disparities in access to facilities and health outcomes. Public expenditures and investments in healthcare have been declining. Out-of-pocket expenditures are high and impose large financial burdens, especially on the poor and in rural areas. It proposes establishing a universal healthcare system financed through public funds, payroll taxes, and other sources to achieve equitable access to basic healthcare services for all Indians.
During my Global Issues in Marketing course (BAMK-495). We where assigned the task of conducting an innovation analysis of Philips the Netherlands based electronics company. Our team came up with a wonderful presentation that capture how Philips is innovative with their products and how they plan to innovate their products in the future.
- Argentina is a strategic investment destination that has experienced strong economic growth in recent years with GDP growth of 7.4% from 2002-2009 and 9.2% in 2010.
- It has a diversified economy and competitive advantages in sectors like agriculture, renewable energy, and manufacturing that allow it to meet global demand.
- The public sector offers a range of incentives for investment including tax benefits and supports for job creation and exports to attract foreign investment.
The document discusses the Netherlands' economy and culture. It proposes establishing a financial stability fund to provide assistance to foreign direct investments in the Netherlands. However, the conclusion is that this would be risky for the Netherlands given its existing financial commitments from bailing out EU countries and institutions. The key points are:
- The proposal to create a financial stability fund to assist foreign investments in the Netherlands.
- The Netherlands already uses bailout funds to stabilize the EU economy and has outstanding loans.
- Establishing a new fund for foreign investments could financially harm the Netherlands if companies defaulted.
The document analyzes the medical devices industry globally and in India. It finds that the global market is led by companies like Johnson & Johnson, GE, and Siemens, with North America having the largest share. In India, the medical devices market is the fastest growing and expected to reach Rs. 12,000 crore in size annually growing 15% due to factors like rising incomes and healthcare spending. However, the industry faces challenges like low R&D investment and an unsteady regulatory environment. The conclusion is that the sector has strong growth potential in India if these issues can be addressed.
East African pharmaceuticals seector.pptxWillis Khedia
Zain Pharma Ltd. is exploring opportunities in the East African pharmaceutical market, which has a total market size of USD 2216 million and is growing at a compound annual rate of 11.8%. The East African Community (EAC) has implemented regional plans to reduce pharmaceutical imports and support the expansion of local manufacturers. Kenya represents the most lucrative market in the region, with a pharmaceutical market of over USD 550 million that is projected to grow at 11.8% annually. Zain Pharma has a manufacturing facility in Kenya and is considering technology transfers and partnerships to strengthen its capabilities and better serve the needs of the East African healthcare sector.
Mobilizing domestic and foreign resources for development in afghanistanAjmal Shams, PE, PMP
Afghanistan has a population of 31.63 million and GDP per capita of $659 but also faces ongoing conflict, political and economic fragility, and weak governance. It relies on domestic resources like taxes and natural resources as well as foreign grants, loans, FDI and remittances for development financing. However, mobilizing these resources is challenging due to issues like corruption, bureaucracy, and lack of infrastructure. If Afghanistan improves its institutions and investment climate by reducing red tape and improving tax collection, it has strong potential to attract more domestic and foreign investment for development given its location, resources, and potential as a trade and energy corridor.
Mobilizing domestic and foreign resources for development in afghanistanAjmal Shams, PE, PMP
Afghanistan has a population of 31.63 million and faces ongoing conflict and political/economic instability. It has a GDP of $20.84 billion but GDP per capita is only $659. Key challenges to mobilizing domestic and foreign resources for development include weak governance, corruption, macroeconomic instability, and lack of infrastructure. However, Afghanistan has potential for development through its strategic location, natural resources, and potential to be a trade and energy corridor if these challenges can be addressed by improving the investment climate, legal/institutional frameworks, governance, and tax regime.
Jean-Luc Michel, Head of Global Commercial Development, MerialKisaco Research
The document discusses several global trends that will shape the future, including demographic growth, environmental changes, increasing urbanization, globalization, and digitization. These trends are driving fundamental changes in many industries, including animal health. Some of the key impacts highlighted are the growing global middle class, rising demand for protein, increased prevalence of zoonotic diseases, and more. The trends present both challenges and opportunities for the animal health industry to improve animal welfare and productivity through innovation.
This document provides an overview and analysis of the Northeast region of India. It summarizes that the Northeast has significant potential for economic growth but faces challenges including insurgency, lack of infrastructure, and underdeveloped industries. It outlines several recommendations and ongoing government programs to address these issues such as developing individual state policies, strengthening local governments, improving education, healthcare and transportation infrastructure, utilizing natural resources, increasing tourism, and adopting corporate practices to boost the regional economy. Overall the document argues that initiating economic and social reforms tailored to each state's needs is key to realizing the growth potential of Northeast India.
The document discusses the possibility of creating a European healthcare IT network. It analyzes existing European organizations in the space and presents the results of a decision matrix evaluating potential areas of collaboration and key players. The top areas of interest are evidence/business case, experience/best practices, and innovation. The top players are international IT companies, medical technology companies, and hospital IT managers. Potential initiatives for the network include education, establishing a best practices forum, and connecting innovators. An organizational format needs further discussion regarding structure, tools, and funding.
This document discusses the growth potential of North-East India. It notes that the region has a population of 38.8 million people across diverse ethnic groups, but has high poverty and low economic growth compared to the rest of India. Key challenges include insurgency, lack of infrastructure, and improper utilization of natural resources. The document outlines several policy recommendations and economic opportunities in sectors like tourism, agriculture, and mining to help realize the region's potential. These include developing individual state policies, strengthening local governments, improving education and healthcare, and boosting infrastructure development.
BP (BEYOND PETROLEUM) FOCUSES ON SUSTAINABILITYdeterminant342
BP (formerly British Petroleum) has experienced controversies over its business practices and environmental damage. However, it has attempted to improve its sustainability and image. It invested in renewable energy like wind and solar power. It also published an extensive code of conduct for employees and invested in raising environmental awareness. While it still relies on oil, BP's efforts aim to transition to cleaner energy and prevent future misconduct.
The document discusses the importance of personal and team skills development. It states that companies are becoming more competitive, so technical training and skills like communication are essential for staff to develop competition abilities and get promotions. It emphasizes that individualism is less important today and team skills that work effectively and efficiently are demanded. It outlines characteristics of high performance like clear purpose, empowerment, relationships, flexibility and optimal performance. It then discusses various personal and team skills in more detail like setting aims, active listening, reviewing and feedback, and working systematically. The conclusion is that every field now requires both individual and team skills as competition has increased, and those who compete and improve skills will survive.
The document discusses the major components of the Excel window and how to navigate and work with Excel spreadsheets. It describes key Excel concepts like workbooks, worksheets, cells, formulas, and charts. It also provides instructions for common Excel tasks like entering data, selecting ranges, inserting and deleting rows/columns, moving cells, printing, and using the Chart Wizard to create graphs.
The document provides an overview of database basics. It defines a database as an organized collection of data, and gives examples like phone books, airline reservation systems, and computer hard drive files. It distinguishes between data, which are raw facts and figures, and information, which is data organized and communicated meaningfully. The document outlines the components of a database, including tables, records, and fields. It describes one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships between tables. It also covers database management systems, models, and some basic SQL statements for creating, inserting, updating, selecting, and deleting records in a database table.
This document discusses different types of contracts in Pakistani law, including contingent contracts, quasi-contracts, and wagering agreements. It defines contingent contracts as those whose performance depends on an uncertain future event. Quasi-contracts are obligations imposed by law even without an agreement between the parties. The key differences between contingent contracts and wagering agreements are that wagers are void agreements based solely on chance, while contingent contracts can be valid and involve other interests. The document provides examples and rules regarding different types of contingent contracts and quasi-contractual obligations.
This document discusses key concepts related to consumer perception. It defines perception as how consumers select and organize sensory stimuli to understand the world. Sensation is the basic response of senses to stimuli, while thresholds refer to minimum levels of detection. Attention, interpretation and other factors influence perception. Principles like repetition and contrast impact how noticeable stimuli are. Risk perception considers functional, financial and other risks of products. Strategies can impact a consumer's exposure to, and processing of, marketing stimuli.
Communication involves a sender encoding a message and sending it through a medium to a receiver. It requires a sender, receiver, message, and medium. Common mediums include twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optics, radio waves, infrared, microwaves, and satellites. Twisted pair is commonly used for analog and digital transmission over short distances. Coaxial cable and fiber optics can transmit over longer distances due to better shielding and bandwidth. Wireless technologies like radio, infrared, and microwaves are used for line-of-sight transmission without cables. Satellites are used when direct transmission is not possible due to obstacles like the curvature of the Earth.
This marketing plan is presented by five students for Fastrack watches. It introduces Fastrack and their sport and night watch products. The objectives are to become the number one brand in Pakistan with a 20% market share in major cities through moderate pricing and a 55% gross margin. Keys to success include quality products, customer satisfaction, and building brand image. The plan describes the target market, competitors, strategies for segmentation, targeting, positioning, and differentiation. It analyzes the political, economic, social, and technological environment. SWOT and Porter's five forces are examined. The 4Ps of marketing are discussed along with strategies for pricing, placement, promotion, and measuring results.
This was the major project of my 6th semester under the supervision of Sir Farooq Ahmed. We really learned alot during this project as it was totally real life project.
This document provides information about a company that produces chocolate products in Pakistan. It includes the company's vision to create beloved brands, the mission of a new product to provide tempting taste, and popular brands like chocolate, beverages and candy. It then describes the company's chocolate bar product and provides pricing for various sizes. The company is headquartered in Karachi and has sales offices in other major cities. It promotes products with slogans and uses packaging design from different decades. The document performs a SWOT analysis and identifies competitors. It discusses responses to price reductions and increases in oil prices. It proposes providing chocolate to flood affectees.
Pakistan's education system faces several issues including a lack of properly trained teachers, outdated curriculums, and political interference. Only 30% of students who enroll in primary school reach matriculation exams. There are different types of education systems in Pakistan such as the Cambridge/Oxford system, the Pakistani secondary system, and madrassah system, but the overall purpose and approach is unclear.
Company Meetings
Outline
Kinds of company meetings
Statutory report
Meetings of board of directors
Procedure and conduct at general meetings
Company resolutions
Legal conditions of various forms of business organizations
KINDS OF COMPANY MEETINGS
Statutory meeting
Annual general meeting
Extra-ordinary general meeting
Statutory Meetings(Section 157)
First meeting of the members of a public limited company. It is held only once
It is held by every public limited company
limited by shares
limited by guarantee and
private company converted into a public company
Shall be held within a period of not less than 3 months nor more than 6 months
How meeting is convened ?
Annual General Meeting(Section 158)
Every company shall hold a general public meeting of its members every year
Notice of meeting
Place of meeting
Business to be conducted
Consideration and adaptation of the audited annual accounts of company
Declaration of dividends
The election of directors
Appointment of directors
Extra-Ordinary General Meeting(section 159)
“All general meetings other than annual
general meeting and statutory
meeting shall be called
extra-ordinary general meeting”
How the meeting is called?
What should be the purpose
of meeting?
Statutory Report(section 153(3))
Report which is sent by the Board of Directors to all members
Report shall be circulated 21 days before the statutory meeting
The statutory report shall be certified by not less than three directors
One of whom shall be the chief executive of company
Contents of Statutory Report
Brief account of the state of company’s affairs
Total number of shares allotted
Total amount of cash received
Names, address and occupation of directors
Particulars of contract and modification
Extent to which underwriting contacts have been carried out
MEETING OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Three ways for carrying out affairs of company by directors
Telephonic conversation
Circular resolution
Board meetings
In board meetings board should explain
Notice of board meeting
Restriction on power of directors
Quorum for board meeting
Minutes of board meetings
Procedure and Conduct at GeneralMeetings
The procedure of holding of general meeting is usually described in the articles of a company.
Company ordinance section 160 provisions related to conduct of company meetings:
Notice of meeting Conduct of business
Quorum Voting and poll
Chairman Voting by proxies
Adjournment of meeting Minutes of meeting
resolutions
Company Resolution
“An item is put before the members of a company in the form of a proposal if it is approved by majority it becomes a resolution”
Types of company resolution
Ordinary resolution
Special resolution
Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals and businesses, rather than the state, have control over trade, industry, and profits. It is based on the philosophy of laissez-faire, where the government does not intervene in private business as long as equal rights are respected. Adam Smith was a key advocate for capitalism and argued in his book The Wealth of Nations that self-interest and competition can lead to economic prosperity. While capitalism can be successful if citizens make good choices, it also has disadvantages like economic inequality, greed, unfair advantages, exploitation of labor, and monopoly behavior.
Switzerland has comparative advantages in several industries such as pharmaceuticals, watches, chocolate, banking, and hospitality. The pharmaceutical industry contributes significantly to Switzerland's GDP and exports, employing over 135,000 people. Key factors contributing to Switzerland's comparative advantage in pharmaceuticals include strong research and development spending, a highly skilled workforce, and strong supporting industries such as medical devices and chemicals. Switzerland's pharmaceutical companies benefit from these factor conditions to develop innovative new drugs and export over 95% of their production globally.
This document lists the names and student IDs of 3 group members - Arslan Ahmed, Bilawal Zafar, and Hassan Riaz - who are studying FMS/BBA at the university. It also mentions the topic of the group project is "Economic Zones".
This document was submitted as part of interview process for Marketing Specialist position at DTA Promotion, an Indonesian company which offers 360 degree marketing services, including ATL and BTL advertising platform.
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They are ideal for streamlining the promotion of events in emails, websites, and social media, enhancing engagement and ensuring attendees don’t miss important dates.
These tools are designed to cater to diverse needs, from personal event planning to professional event promotion, ensuring your attendees can easily add events to their preferred calendar.
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Top 10 AI Trends to Watch in 2024
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Overview of Agentic AI
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Impact of Agentic AI
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Examples and Use Cases of Agentic AI
Autonomous Vehicles: Self-driving cars use agentic AI to navigate roads, interpret traffic signals, and make real-time decisions to ensure passenger safety.
Smart Home Devices: AI-powered home assistants, like smart thermostats and security systems, operate autonomously to optimize energy usage and enhance security.
Customer Service Bots: Advanced chatbots handle complex customer queries, provide solutions, and escalate issues to human agents when necessary.
Trend 2: Open Source AI
Overview of Open Source AI
Open-source AI involves freely available source code, encouraging developers to collaborate, use, adapt, and share AI technology. This openness fosters innovation and speeds up the development of practical AI solutions across various sectors, including healthcare, finance, and education.
Impact of Open Source AI
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Examples and Use Cases of Open Source AI
TensorFlow: An open-source machine learning framework by Google, widely used for building and deploying AI models.
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If you’re at all interested in digital
marketing and in making a name for
your brand online, then it is crucial that
you understand how to properly make
use of content marketing. Content
marketing is currently one of the
biggest trends in digital marketing as a
whole and is an area that many website owners and brands are investing in
heavily right now thanks to the impressive returns that they are seeing.
6. About Switzerland
Capital:
Cantons:
Area-Total:
Water (%):
Population:
GDP:
Largest City:
Dialing code:
Currency:
Official languages:
Government:
Neighbors
Austria, Liechtenstein, France, Italy,
& Germany
Bern
23
41,285 km2 (133rd)
4.2
8,014,000
632.2 billion USD
Zurich
41
Swiss franc
German, French , Romansh ,
Italian
Federal republic, Directorial
system
7. Country Advantages
Comparative Advantage
Top pharmaceutical
companies(Medicame
nt)
Swiss Watches
Swiss chocolate
Swiss is also popular
for its Secretive
banking Sector
It’s also popular for
Hospitality Sector
Absolute Advantage
Tourism industry
Direct Democracy
Location (land
locked)
Hydropower
Agriculture Products
8. Selected Comparative & Absolute
Advantage
Selected Comparative
advantage
Selected Absolute Advantage
Pharmaceutical:
Agricultural Products:
It contributes to 5.7% of
the GDP
Contributes to 30% of the
exportations
Employs about 135'000 people
Some popular pharmaceutical
companies are:
Novartis (Sandoz), Hoffmann-La
Roche, Basilea
Pharmaceutica, Actelion andStrau
mann, Merck
Serono (Serono), Ferring
Pharmaceuticals, Debiopharm, Nyc
omed, JanssenCilag, Galderma,Mondobiotech, Na
ari, Weleda, Octapharma and Fre
witt.
Produces about 60% of the food
consumed
Switzerland is subsidizing more
than 70% of its agriculture
compared to 35% in the EU.
90 to 100% of
potatoes, pork, veal, cattle and
most milk
products, are produced in the
country
8.1 % of the total Swiss
workforce was employed in the
sector
Number of organic farms
increased by 3.3 percent
between 2009 and 2011.
9. Our Company
Hoffman La-Roche:
Founded in 1896, headquartered in Basel,
Switzerland
Roche is the world’s largest biotech company
Represented in over 150 countries
Number of employees 82,089
Employee growth +2%
Sales rise 4% to 45.5 billion Swiss francs due to
oncology sales, clinical laboratories business
Core EPS 10% higher at 13.62 Swiss francs
10. Contd’
Board
proposes dividend increase of 8% to 7.35
Swiss francs, the 26th consecutive year of growth
Outlook for 2013 sales to grow in line with
previous year, core earnings per share targeted to
grow ahead of sales. Roche expects to further
increase dividend.
Operating free cash flow rises 10% to 15.4 billion
Swiss francs
12. Nepal
Officially the ”Federal Democratic Republic of
Nepal” with capital Kathmandu
landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia
With an area of 147,181 square kilometers
(56,827 sq mi)
Population of approximately 30 million
41st most populous country
Religion:
Hindu 80.6%
Muslim 4.2%,
other 0.9%
Buddhist 10.7%,
Kirant 3.6%,
13. Why Nepal?
2,335 foreign investment projects with a total
investment of approximately $2.76 billion.
Available labor force 18 million in 2012
A decade long Nepalese Civil War has come to
an end
Government brought constitutionals reforms to
attract the FDI
Population is growing fast
Disease prevalence is higher in Nepal than it is in
other South Asian countries
14. Contd’
Our company has presence in its neighboring
countries Such As China & India
Nepal is in the list of countries with least medical
facilities
Risk of major Infectious diseases is very high.
Disease prevalence is higher in Nepal than it is in
other South Asian countries
Already have an experience and knowledge of
South Asian Region
Government decided to spent 7% of GDP on
health instead of 5% previously
Less competition
15. Mode of Expansion
Direct Export:
Reasons:
Manufacturing
facility in India and China
Better understanding of Region
Customer satisfaction
Greater protection of patents and copyrights
It suits us as the volume of our product is small
To avoid intermediaries
To get benefits from government policies
To minimize the cost of product
16. Theory Of FDI
Seekers of Advantage:
Markets
Bigger market with population of 30 million
Easy to approach
Potential market as Disease prevalence is higher than any
other South Asian country
Tax exemptions:
Income tax is exempt for a period of 7 years in the
case of national priority industries.
Industries which provide direct employment to 1000
persons or more shall be entitled to an additional 2
year exemption from income tax.