Constructivist Approach- Meaning, Characteristics,Phases of learning, Activities,Role of Teacher, Merits, Demerits

1. By
Ms Minakshi Jaswal
Assistant Professor

2. “You cannot teach a man anything;
You can only help him find it within himself”

3.  Main Theorists. John Dewey (1933/1998) is often cited as the
philosophical founder of this approach. Bruner (1990)
and Piaget (1972) are considered the chief theorists among the
cognitive constructivists, while Vygotsky (1978) is the major
theorist among the social constructivists.
 Constructivism was an artistic and architectural philosophy that
originated in Russia beginning in 1913 by Vladimir Tatlin. This
was a rejection of the idea of autonomous art. He wanted 'to
construct' art.
 The psychological roots of constructivism began with the
developmental work of Jean Piaget (1896–1980), who developed
a theory (the theory of genetic epistemology) that analogized the
development of the mind to evolutionary biological development
and highlighted the adaptive function of cognition.


4.  The21stcenturyclassroomisfilledwithavibrantassortmentoflearners.
 Studentscomefromdifferenttypesofsocioeconomicbackgrounds,with
culturallyexperience,andlearningstyles.
 Thesedynamicscreateachallengeforteachers.
 Teachingmost always be adjusted to the level of the pupils
.So constructivistwayofteachingbepromotedintheclass
room.

5. Constructivism says that people
construct their own understanding
and knowledge of the world through
experiencing things and reflecting
on those experiences.

6. based on the belief that learning occurs
as learners are actively involved in a
process of meaning and knowledge
construction rather than passively
receiving information

7. • Learning is an active process
• Knowledge is constructed from (and
shaped by) experience
• Learning is a personal interpretation
of the world

8.  According to Brader - Araje and Jones (2002),
Constructivism can be defined as “the idea that
development of understanding requires the learner to
activelyengageinmeaning –making”.

9. • According to Audrey Gray
– the learners are actively involved.
– the environment is democratic.
– the activities are interactive and student-
centered.
– the teacher facilitates a process of
learning in which students are
encouraged to be responsible and
autonomous.

10.  ENGAGE- to start the process.
 EXPLORE- provide students w/ a common base of
experience. Students will be able to identify & develop
concepts,processes & skills.
 EXPLAIN- opportunities to verbalize students
conceptual understanding / to demonstrate new
kills/behaviour and also provides an opportunities
for teachers to introduce formal terms, definitions, &
explanations for concepts, etc.

11. ELABORATE- extend student’s conceptual
 understanding & allows them to
 practice skills & behaviours.
 EVALUATE- encourage learners & assess their
understanding & abilities & lets teachers evaluate
students understanding of key concepts & skill
development.

12. FILMS
CLASS
DISCUSSION
FIELD
TRIPS
RESEARCH PROJECT
EXPERIME
NTATION

13. Films
Provide visual context and thus
bring another sense into the learning
experience

14. one of the most important distinctions of
constructivist teaching methods

15. Allows students to put the concepts
and ideas discussed in class in a real-
world context.
FIELD TRIPS

16. Students research a topic and can
present their findings to the class

17. Students research a topic and can
present their findings to the class

19. • the most commonly used instructional
strategy
Modeling
There are two (2) types of modeling:
1.Behavioral Modeling
2.Cognitive Modeling

20. •naturally and necessarily involves
responses that are situated in the
learner’s task performance
Coaching

21. • a more systemic approach to
supporting the learner, focusing on
the task, the environment, the
teacher, and the learner
Scaffoldin
g

23.  Childrenlearnmoreandenjoylearning.
 Promotedivergent thinking.
 Educationworksbestwhenitconcentratesonthinkingand
understanding ratherthanonrotememorization.
 Boosttheconfidenceoflearners.
 ConstructivismconcentratesonhowtothinkandUnderstand.
 Promotecollaborative learning
 Constructivismgivesstudentsownershipofwhattheylearn,Since
learningis basedon students.
 Engaging thecreativeinstinctsdevelopsstudent’s abilitiesto
express knowledgethroughavarietyof ways.


24.  A shift in learning as this theory challenges the
traditional beliefs about learning and knowledge.
 Trained Teachers are required for this learning approach.
 Lots of pre planning required for this learning approach.
 It is time consuming approach.
 Teacher cannot teach every topic with the help of this
approach.
 This approach cannot be applied to small children.
 Lack of resources available.
 Whole syllabus cannot completed with this approach.

25. THANK YOU