2. Behaviorism: a
traditional view
Aim: changes in behavior
Year: circa 1970
Background study: psychology
Language
a product of
behavior
Measurement
quantitative (better
learning= better test
score)
Center of
learning
teacher-centered
Teaching
a process of
transmitting
knowledge
4. Constructivism:
mind-mapping
views
Aim: changes in learning concepts
Year: 1980-1990
Background studies: psychology, human
cognitive study
Language
a process of
constructing
knowledge
Focus
individual knowledge
construction
Center of
learning
individual student-
centered
Teaching
a process of guiding
the mind
construction process
6. Social
Constructivism:
minds between
societies
Aim: collaboration + authentic learning
Year: circa 1990
Background studies: anthropology,
psychology, human cognitive study
Language
a process of
understanding
and relating to
others
Focus
discussing different
views in order to gain
a general consensus
Center of
learning
groups of learners
Teaching
a process of
distributing different
views
7. Situated Learning:
not an -ism but a way
of learning things
Aim: arguing the world + learning how to
learn new things
Year: 1990-present day
Background studies: anthropology,
psychology, human cognitive study
Language
a cultural
practice
Focus
practicing
augmented real-life
situations from one
topic to anotherl
Center of
learning
arguments of
learners
Teaching
a process of showing
how things work in
real-life situations
10. ADD A FUN
FACT HERE
STEIN (1998)
Learning is the
result of a social
process .
Learning is not
separated from the
world of action but
exists in robust,
complex, social
environments made
up of actors, actions,
and situations.
11. The Implementation
of Situated Learning
Provide a
scaffolds
on type & intensity
necessary guidance
Be a facilitator
less support will be
needed
Assess the
learner's
intellectual
growth by
discussion
Select situations
engage the learners
in complex, realistic,
problem-centered
activities
14. Pro
bring the real experience in the class room.
allow student to make conclusion for themselves.
get away from memorizing facts.
designs out plagiarism
incresed student engagement
15. Cons
take more time in debate
take more time to grader
the topic can be too wider
the role of teacher change into
teacher is not a master, but become a fasilitator
16. situated learning approach focused
on student skill to help them deal
with real problem. Student need to
active and creative in the class, so
they can solve the real problem in
future.
conclusion
17. Smelser, N. J. (2001). International
encyclopedia of the social &
behavioral sciences (1st ed.). doi:
10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01907-0
Tynjala, P. E., Lonka, K. E., &
Mason, L. E. (2001). Writing as a
Learning Tool: Integrating Theory
and Practice. Studies in Writing,
Volume 7 (1st ed.). Kluwer
Academic Publishers. doi:
10.1007/978-94-010-0740-5
Daniels, H. (2008). Vygotsky and
research (1st ed.). New York, NY:
Routledge.
Stein, D. (1998). Situated learning
in adult education.
http://www.ericdigests.org/1998-
3/adult-education.html